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Appendix B: The Gallery of Maps
Francesca Fiorani
Description: The Marvel of Maps: Art, Cartography and Politics in Renaissance Italy
The Marvel of Maps: Art, Cartography and Politics in Renaissance Italy
This appendix shows the close relations between the maps of Italy in the Gallery of Maps and Leandro Alberti’s Descrittione di tutta I’talia...
Author
Francesca Fiorani
PublisherYale University Press
Copyright© 2005 Francesca Fiorani
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-22624
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Appendix B: The Gallery of Maps
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Description: Reconstruction of the Gallery of Maps, Vatican by Unknown
Italy and Church History
This appendix shows the close relations between the maps of Italy in the Gallery of Maps and Leandro Alberti’s Descrittione di tutta I’talia (Bologna, 1577).
First, the regional maps of the Vatican corridor are organized according to the narrative sequence of Alberti’s chorography book, that is, according to the perspective of an imaginary traveler who is circumnavigating the peninsula. Like Alberti’s book, in the Gallery of Maps the representation of the peninsula starts from the northern regions, on the side of the Tyrrehnian Sea, which is depicted at the end of the corridor – toward the old Vatican Palace. It continues with the depiction of southern Italy, represented along the east wall of the Vatican corridor, and of the regions around the boot of the peninsula, painted at the end of the gallery towards the Belvedere Hill. The mapping of Italy continues with the regions on the side of the Adriatic Sea, which are represented as proceeding from south to north on the north wall of the Vatican corridor. It concludes with the depiction of Venice at the end of the gallery.
Second, the appendix reinforces the connection between the maps and the vault historical scenes by listing the maps with their corresponding historical scenes. Pertinent references to Leandro Alberti, Descrittione di tutta I’talia (Bologna, 1577), to Cesare Baronio, Annales ecclesiastici (Cologne, 1624), and Gambi–Pinelli 1994 are provided for both maps and historical scenes.
GENUA
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes: None
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, no. 405.
CIVITAS VETUS
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes: None
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 399, 400, 403, 404.
ITALIA NOVA
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes:
Emperor Constantine Building the Basilica of St. Paul. Inscription: Constantinus Imp. S. Paulo Apostolo Basilicam Erigit.
Pope Sylvester Baptizing Emperor Constantine. Inscription: S. Silvester P.P. Constantinu. (i)mp. Baptizat.
Emperor Constantine Building the Basilica of St. Peter. Inscription: Constantinus Imp. S. Petro Apostolo Basilicam Erigit.
Emperor Constantine Holding the Reins of Pope Sylvester’s Horse. Inscription: Constantinus Imp. S. Silvestri Equi Frenum Tenet.
Constantine’s Vision of the Cross Before the Battle at the Milvian Bridge. Inscription: In Hoc Vince.
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 3–30, 554–6, 558, 566.
LIGURIA
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes:
The Translation of St. John’s Ashes to Genoa. Inscription: S. Io. Baptistae Cineres Genuam Deferuntur (Alberti 1577,15V).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 27–41, 567.
ETRURIA
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes:
St. Romuald Founding the Hermitage at Camaldoli. Inscription: S. Romualdus Camaldulensen Eremum Instituit (Alberti 1577, 50V).
St. Francis Receiving the Stigmata at Mount Verna. Inscription: S. Franciscus in Avernia Stigmatibus Decoratur (Alberti 1577, 51).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 48–59, 600–1.
PERUSINUS AC TIFERNAS
Historical vignettes on the map:
Hannibal Winning over the Romans at Lake Trasimeno. Inscription: Hic Hannibal consule interfecto Romanos profligavit A. 537 (Alberti 1577, 65V).
Vault scenes:
Bishop St. Constantius Healing the Weak with the Sign of the Cross. Inscription: S. Constantius Episc. Signo Crucis Infirmos Sanat (Baronio, 1624, year 175).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 62–5, 604.
PATRIMONIUS S. PETRI
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes:
Countess Matilda Donating Her Possessions to the Roman Church. Inscription: Mathilda Multa Bona Romanae Ecclesiae Obtulit (Alberti 1577, 35).
Pope Urban IV Celebrating in Orvieto the Miracle of the Corpus Christi that Took Place at Bolsena. Inscription: Christi Corporis Miraculum Vulsini Actum in Urbe Vetu ab Urbano IIII celebratur (Alberti 1577, 62 on the celebrations at Orvieto, 70 on the miracle at Bolsena).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 71–5, 613, 622.
UMBRIA
Historical vignettes on the map:
Hannibal Unsuccessfully Besieging Spoleto (Alberti 1577, 92V).
Winigis Rescuing Pope Leo III and Bringing Him to Spoleto.
Vault scenes:
St. Clare Freeing Assisi from Siege by the Saracens. Inscription: S. Clara Assisium a Saracenis Obsessum Liberat (Alberti 1577, 91, mentioned St. Clare in Assisi but not specifically this episode).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 84–92, 647.
LATIUM ET SABINA
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes:
The Fall of Simon Magus. Inscription: Simon Magus S. Petro Debitas Poenas Persolvit (Voragine 1993, 1, 340–50. Baronio 1624, year 68).
Christ Appearing to St. Peter at the Via Appia. Inscription: Domine Quo Vadis? (Voragine 1993, 1, 340–50).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 95–100, 650, 658.
CAMPANIA
Historical vignettes on the map:
Pope John X Defeating the Saracens near the River Garigliano (Alberti 1577, 185, 1931).
Vault scenes:
The Miracle of St. Januarius’s Blood in Naples. Inscription: S. Ianuarii Sanguis Neapoli Ebullit (Alberti 1577, 184V. Baronio 1624, year 305; and Baronio 1588, 423).
St. Benedict Unmasking the Disguised King Totila. Inscription: S. Benedictus Totilam Regem Non Agnitum Detegit (Alberti 1577, 274, on the meeting between St. Benedict and Totila, but not on this specific episode. Baronio, 1624, year 543).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 104–7, 659, 662.
PRINCIPATUS SALERNI
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes:
The Manna Coming from St. Andrew’s Body. Inscription: Manna e Corpore S. Andreae Fluit (Alberti 1577, 195V. Baronio, 1624, year 1208).
Rainulph Winning His Enemies Thanks to St. Bernard’s prayers. Inscription: Rainulphus S. Bernardi Precibus Hostes Vincit (Baronio, 1624, year 1137).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 113–15, 676, 684.
LUCANIA
Historical vignettes on the map:
Marcellus Killed by Hannibal’s Cavalry near Venosa (Alberti 1577, 245V, mentioned Venosa in relation to Hannibal’s victory at Cannae, although not the details mentioned in the inscription).
Vault scenes:
St. Laverius Liberating a Man from Demons. Inscription: S. Laberii Precibus Fugantur Daemones.
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 125–31, 685.
CALABRIA CITERIOR
Historical vignettes on the map:
Alexander of Epirus Killed in the Battle at Pandosia Against the Bruttians (Alberti 1577, 201–201V).
Vault scenes:
St. Francis of Paola Unharmed from Fire. Inscription: S. Franc. De Paula ab Igne Non Laeditur.
St. Francis of Paola Using His Cloak as a Boat. Inscription: S. Franciscus de Paula Pallio Utitur Pro Navigio (Alberti 1577, 203V, mentioned the saint in relation to the town of Paola, but did not specifically refer to any miracle).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 135–42, 697, 706.
CALABRIA ULTERIOR
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes:
Emperor Henry II Reinforcing His Soldiers with the Corpus Christi. Inscription: Henricus Imp. Christi Corpore Milites Suos Corroborat (Baronio, 1624, year 1022).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 145–6, 731.
CORSICA
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes:
The People of Corsica Acknowledging Gregory VII’s Sovereignty through His Legate. Inscription: S. Gregorium VII Dominum Suum Per Legatu[m] Agnoscunt (Baronio 1624, year 1077).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 146–64, 734.
SARDINIA
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes:
Pope Symmachus Sending Aid to Exiled Bishops. Inscription: Symmachus Papa Epis. Relegatis Necessaria Subministrat (Baronio, 1624, year 504).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 168–96, 743.
SICILIA
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes:
King Theodoric Falling into Hell. Inscription: Theodoricus Rex in Infernum Delicitur (Baronio 1624, year 526).
The Stopping of the Lava on Aetna Thanks to St. Agatha’s Veil. Inscription: S. Agathae Tenui Velo Aetnae Ignis Propulsatur (Alberti 1577, 34; Baronio 1624, year 254; and Baronio, 1588, 71).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 178–89, 752, 777.
AVENIONEN(SIS) DITIO ET VENAISINUS COMITATUS
Historical vignettes on the map:
Pope Gregory XI Returning the Papacy from Avignon to Rome.
Vault scenes:
Emperor Valentinian Compelled by Divine Intervention to Submit to St. Martin Bishop. Inscription: S. Martino Ep[. . .]o Adventari Valentinianus Imp. Reverenter Assurgere Divinitus Compellit (Baronio 1624, year 375).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 192–5, 780.
ILVA
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes: None
Below the map: Reconstruction of the ancient port at Ostia
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 439–41.
MELITA
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes:
St. Paul Unharmed by the Bite of a Viper. Inscription: S. Paulum Viperam Illaesus Excutit.
St. Paul Healing Publius’s Father in Malta. Inscription: Paulus Publi Parentem Melitae Sanat.
St. Paul Embarking for Rome. Inscription: S. Paulu Romam Venturus Navem Consce[n]dit.
Below the map: The Siege of La Valletta
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 430–8, 788, 789, 790.
CORFU
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes: None
Below the map: The Battle of Lepanto
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 430–8.
TREMITAE
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes: None
Below the map: View of the port at Ostia
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 428–9.
SALLENTINA HYDRUNTI TERRA
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes:
St. Anselm Arguing with the Heretics at the Council of Bari. Inscription: S. Anselmus in Concilio Haereticos Arguit (Baronio 1624, year 1097).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 384–93, 778.
APULIA
Historical vignettes on the map:
Roman Disaster at Cannae (Alberti 1577, 246).
Vault scenes:
St. Michael the Archangel Appearing on Monte Gargano. Inscription: S. Michael in Monte Gargano Apparet (Alberti 1577, 249–250V; Baronio 1624, year 493).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 372–80, 776.
APRUTIUM
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes: None
St. Bernardine of Siena Ordering the Bonfire of the Vanities. Inscription: S. Bernardinus Vitiorum Illecebras Conbursit (Alberti 1577, 263V, on the saint’s tomb in L’Aquila, but not specifically on this episode; Baronio 1624, year 1424).
The Hermit St. Peter of Morrone Being Elected Pope. Inscription: S. Petrus de Murano Anacoreta in Pontificem Eligitur (Alberti 1577, 259; Baronio 1624, year 1294).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 361–9, 742, 744.
ANCONITANUS AGER
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes:
St. Marcellinus Saving the City of Ancona from Fire. Inscription: S. Marcellinus Anconam Urbem Incendio Eximit.
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 330–3.
PICENUM
Historical vignettes on the map:
Picenum Sending 15,000 Soldiers to Protect Rome and the Pope.
Vault scenes:
The Translation of the Holy House of Loreto. Inscription: Angeli Mariae Virginis Domum Circuferunt (Alberti 1577, 282V–283; Baronio 1624, year 1295).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 334–7, 730.
URBINI DUCATUS
Historical vignettes on the map:
Consul Claudius Nerus Killing Hasdrubal and 56000 Carthaginians at Metauro (Alberti 1577, 288V).
Vault scenes:
St. Ubaldus Defeating His Enemies with the Sign of the Cross. Inscription: S. Ubaldus Signo Crucis Hostes Fugat (Alberti 1577, 89–89V, mentioned the cult of St. Ubaldus in Gubbio, his church, the yearly celebrations and Dante’s reference to the saint, Par. XI. Baronio 1624, year 1154).
Cardinal St. Peter Damian Writing the Rule for His Hermit Community. Inscription: B. Petrus Damianus Card. Reculam Eremiticam Conscribit.
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 320–7, 696, 698.
FLAMINIA
Historical vignettes on the map:
The Battle of the French Army and the Holy League at Ravenna (Alberti 1577, 310, 360V).
Julius Caesar Crossing the River Rubicon (Alberti 1577, 301).
Vault scenes:
St. Antony of Padua Preaching to the Fish. Inscription: S. Antonio praedicante pisces ex aqua emergunt.
The Holy Spirit Designating St. Severus Archbishop of Ravenna. Inscription: S. Severus a Spiritu[m] Ravennae Archiep. Designatur (Alberti 1577, 308–308V, mentioned St. Severus together with the other archbishops of Ravenna designated through the intervention of the Holy Spirit; Baronio 1624, year 337).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 305–13, 686–688.
BONONIENSIS DITIO
Historical vignettes on the map:
The Bolognese Defeating the Visconti at San Ruffillo (Alberti 1577, 330).
The Formation of the Second Triumvirate (Alberti 1577, 339–339V).
Vault scenes:
Angels Distributing Bread to St. Dominic in Bologna. Inscription: S. Domenico Panem Bononiae Angeli Ministrant (according to the saint’s Life this episode took place in Rome rather than in Bologna).
St. Petronius Reviving a Dead Man in Bologna. Inscription: S. Petronius Bononiae Mortuum Suscitat (Alberti 1577, 328, recalled the construction of the church of St. Petronius as an endless project. Baronio 1624, year 430). Pasee Oves Meas (Bible 1970b, John, XXI, 15. Baronio 1624, year 34).
The Monastery of San Michele in Bosco near Bologna. Inscription: Celeberrimum S. Michaelis Monasterium in Nemore Propre Bononiam.
The Monastery of the Virgin Mary at the Monte della Guardia near Bologna. Inscription: Effigies B.M. Virginis in Monte Guardiae S. Lucae Opus.
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 289–97, 670–4.
FERRARIAE DUCATUS
Historical vignettes on the map:
Pope Julius II Entering Mirandola (Alberti 1577, 360V).
Vault scenes:
Modena Being Freed Thanks to St. Geminianus’s prayers. Inscription: Mutina S. Geminiani Precibus Servatur.
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 273–81, 660.
MANTUAE DUCATUS
Historical vignettes on the map:
Leo I Stopping Attila the Hun (Alberti 1577, 389).
Vault scenes:
Leo I Stopping Attila near Mantua. Inscription: S. Leo Pont. Max. Attila Furentem Reprimit (Alberti 1577, 389; Baronio 1624, year 452).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 262–6, 646.
PIACENTIAE ET PARMAE DUCATUS
Historical vignettes on the map:
The Carthaginians Defeating the Romans at Trebbia (Alberti 1577, 372, 374V).
Vault scenes:
Parma Being Freed From Frederick II’s Siege Thanks to Pope Innocent IV’s intervention. Inscription: Parma Urbs Federici II Innocentii IIII Obsidione Eximitur Pont. Max. Opera (Alberti 1577, 369, mentioned the siege of Parma during Innocent IV’s papacy but not the direct papal intervention; Baronio 1624, year 1247).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 250–9, 648.
FORUM IULII
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes:
Emperor Frederick II Pledging Obedience to Pope Alexander III in Venice. Inscription: Federicus Imp. Alexandro III Obedientia[m] Praestat (Alberti 1576, 86; Baronio 1624, year 1177).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 237–8, 612.
TRANSPADANA VENETORUM DITTO
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes:
St. Francis Appearing to St. Antony of Padua at Aries. Inscription: S. Antonio Praedicanti S. Franciscus Apparet.
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 227–34, 614.
MEDIOLANENSIS DUCATUS
Historical vignettes on the map:
Cornelius Scipio Defeated by Hannibal at Pavia (Alberti 1577, 422).
Count de St. Paul Overcoming Pavia (Alberti 1577, 423V). Marcus Marcellus Defeating the Insubrians at Clastidium (Alberti 1577, 414).
Charlemagne Defeating the Lombards and Capturing Their King Desiderius at Pavia (Alberti 1577, 422).
Vault scenes:
St. Ambrose Repelling Emperor Theodosius from Entering Church. Inscription: S. Ambrosius Theodosium Imp. ab Ingressu Ecclesiae Repellit (Baronio 1624, year 390).
St. Ambrose Expelling the Enemies from Milan. Inscription: S. Ambrosius e Mediolano Ecclesiae Hostes Expellit.
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 215–24, 576, 602.
PEDEMONTIUM ET MONSFERATUS
Historical vignettes on the map:
The Battle between the French and the Spanish at Ceresole (Alberti 1577, 384V, reporting on the many battles between the French and the Spanish in this area, but not specifically on the battle at Ceresole).
Vault scenes:
The Exposition of the Holy Shroud in Turin. Inscription: Christi Imago Ostenditur Sancta Sindone Expressa (contemporary event attended by numerous clergymen, including Cardinal Charles Borromeo).
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 115–24.
ITALIA ANTIQUA
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes:
Emperor Constantine Building the Basilica of St. Paul. Inscription: Constantinus Imp. S. Paulo Apostolo Basilicam Erigit.
Pope Sylvester Baptizing Emperor Constantine. Inscription: S. Silvester P.P. Constantinu. (i)mp. Baptizat.
Emperor Constantine Building the Basilica of St. Peter. Inscription: Constantinus Imp. S. Petro Apostolo Basilicam Erigit.
Emperor Constantine Holding the Reins of Pope Sylvester’s Horse. Inscription: Constantinus Imp. S. Silvestri Equi Frenum Tenet.
Constantine’s Vision of the Cross Before the Battle at the Milvian Bridge. Inscription: In Hoc Vince.
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, nos. 3–30, 554–6, 558, 566.
ANCONA
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes: None
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, no. 414.
VENETIA
Historical vignettes on the map: None
Vault scenes: None
Bibliography: Gambi–Pinelli 1994, no. 413.
Appendix B: The Gallery of Maps
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