Bibiliography

Alcuin. Disputatio Pippini cum Albino. In Altercatio Hadriani Augusti et Epicteti philosophi, ed. Walter Suchier, 134–146. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1939.

Annales Bertiniani. Ed. Félix Grat, Jeanne Vielliard, and Suzanne Clémencet. Paris: Klincksieck, 1964. Trans. Janet L. Nelson. Manchester, U.K.: Manchester University Press, 1991.

Annales Nordhumbranis. Ed. Reinhold Pauli. Hannover: Hahn, 1881.

Annales regni francorum. Ed. Friedrich Kurze. Hannover: Hahn, 1895.

Aratus. Phaenomena. Ed. and trans. G. R. Mair. London: Heinemann, 1921.

Balʿamī. Tārīkh. Chronique de Tabari, traduite sur la version persane d’Abou-ʿAli Moʿhammed Belʿami. Trans. Hermann Zotenberg. Paris: Imprimerie Impériale, 1869.

Basil of Caesarea. Homilies on the Hexaemeron. Ed. Stanislas Giet. Paris: Éditions du Cerf, 1950. Trans. Agnes Clare Way. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University Press, 1963.

al-Basrawī. Tuhfat al-anām fī fadāʾil al-Shām. Ed. ʿAbd al-Azīz Fayyād Harfūsh. Damascus: Dār al-Bashāʿir, 1998.

Bede. De temporum ratione. Ed. Charles Williams Jones. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 1977. Trans. Faith Wallis. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1999.

Cassius Dio. Roman History. Dio’s Roman History IX. Trans. Earnest Cary. London: William Heinemann, 1927.

Christopher of Mitylene. Poems. Ed. Eduard Kurtz. Leipzig: Neumann, 1903.

Chronica Monasterii Casinensis. Die Chronik von Montecassino. Ed. Hartmut Hoffmann. Hannover: Hahn, 1980.

Chronicon Paschale. Ed. Ludwig August Dindorf. Bonn: Weber, 1832. Trans. Michael Whitby and Mary Whitby. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1989.

Constantine VII. De ceremoniis aulae byzantinae. Ed. Johann Jacob Reiske. Bonn: Weber, 1829. Dümmler, Ernst, ed. Epistolae Karolini aevi II. Berlin: Weidmann, 1895.

Dümmler, Ernst, ed. Poetae latini aevi Carolini. Berlin: Weidmann, 1880–84.

Einhard. Vita Karoli Magni. Ed. O. Holder-Egger. Hannover: Hahn, 1911.

Farazdaq. Dīwān. Ed. and trans. R. Boucher. Paris: Adolphe Labitte, 1870.

Ferdowsī. Shāh-nāma. The Sháhnáma of Firdausí. Trans. Arthur George Warner and Edmond Warner. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner, 1905–25.

Fredegar. Chronicle. Ed. and trans. J. M. Wallace-Hadrill. London: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1960.

George of Pisidia. Poems. Ed. and trans. Luigi Tartaglia. Turin: Unione Tipografico–Editrice Torinese, 1998.

Georgios Kedrenos. Chronicon. Ed. Immanuel Bekker. Bonn: Weber, 1838–39.

Georgios Monachos. Chronicon. Ed. Carl de Boor. Leipzig: Teubner, 1904.

Germanicus. Arati Phaenomena. Ed. André Le Boeuffle. Paris: Belles Lettres, 1975.

Herodian. History. Herodian of Antioch’s History of the Roman Empire. Trans. Edward C. Echols. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1961.

Ibn al-Faqīh. Kitāb al-Buldān. Ed. Michael de Goeje. Leiden: Brill, 1885. Trans. Henri Massé. Damascus: Institut français de Damas, 1973.

Ibn ʿAsākir. Tāʾrīkh madīnat Dimashq. La Description de Damas d’Ibn ʿAsākir. Trans. Nikita Elisséeff. Damascus: Institut français du Proche-Orient, 2008.

Ibn Battūta. Rihla. Ed. C. Defrémery and B. R. Sanguinetti. Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1874–79. Trans. H. A. R. Gibb. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1958–94.

Ibn Jubayr. Rihla. Ed. Michael de Goeje. Leiden: Brill, 1907. Trans. R. J. C. Broadhurst. London: J. Cape, 1952.

Ibn Rusta. Kitāb al-Aʿlāq al-nafīsa. Ed. Michael de Goeje. Leiden: Brill, 1892. Trans. Gaston Wiet. Cairo: Publications de la Société de géographie d’Égypte, 1955.

Ibn Sasrā. A Chronicle of Damascus. Ed. and trans. William M. Brinner. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1963.

al-Idrīsī. Idrīsī’s Palaestina und Syrien. Ed. Johann Gildemeister. Bonn: Georg, 1885.

Isidore of Seville. Etymologiae. Ed. W. M. Lindsay. Oxford: Clarendon, 1911. Trans. Stephen A. Barney, W. J. Lewis, J. A. Beach, and Oliver Berghof. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.

al-Istakhrī. Kitāb al-Masālik. Ed. Michael de Goeje. Leiden: Brill, 1889.

John Scottus. Carmina. Ed. and trans. Michael W. Herren. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1993.

Josephus. Bellum Judaicum. Trans. H. St. J. Thackeray. London: William Heinemann, 1961.

Kosmas Indikopleustes. Christian Topography. Ed. and trans. Wanda Wolska-Conus. Paris: Éditions du Cerf, 1968–73.

Leo VI. Taktika. Ed. and trans. George T. Denis. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks, 2010.

Liber pontificalis. Ed. D. Duchesne. Paris: E. de Boccard, 1955–57. Trans. Raymond Davis. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1992.

Liudprand of Cremona. Embassy. The Complete Works of Liudprand of Cremona. Trans. Paolo Squatriti. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press, 2007.

Maass, Ernst, ed. Commentariorum in Aratum reliquiae. Berlin: Weidmann, 1898.

al-Masʿūdī. Murūj al-dhahab. Les Prairies d’Or. Ed. and trans. C. Barbier de Meynard and Pavet de Courteille. Paris: Imprimerie Impériale [/Nationale], 1861–77.

al-Muqaddasī. Ahsan al-taqāsīm. Ed. Michael de Goeje. Brill: Leiden, 1906. Trans. Basil Collins. Reading, U.K.: Garnet, 2001.

al-Nābigha al-Shaibānī. Dīwān. Ed. Qadrī Māyū. Beirut: Dār al-Kitāb al-ʿArabī, 1995.

Nelson, Janet L. The Annals of St-Bertin. Manchester, U.K.: Manchester University Press, 1991.

Nikephoros, Patriarch of Constantinople. Short History. Ed. and trans. Cyril Mango. Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks, 1990.

Panegyrici Latini. In Praise of Later Roman Emperors. Trans. C. E. V. Nixon and Barbara Saylor Rodgers. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995.

Parastaseis Syntomoi Chronikai. Constantinople in the Early Eighth Century: The Parastaseis Syntomoi Chronikai. Ed. and trans. Averil Cameron and Judith Herrin. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1984.

Patria. Ed. and trans. Albrecht Berger. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2013.

Photios. Bibliothēkē. Ed. René Henry. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1959–77.

Plato. Republic. The Republic of Plato. Trans. Allan Bloom. New York: Basic, 1991.

Sebeos. The Armenian History Attributed to Sebeos. Trans. R. W. Thomson. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1999.

Suetonius II. Ed. and trans. J. C. Rolfe. London: Heinemann, 1959.

Symeon Magister. Chronicon. Ed. Staffan Wahlgren. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2006.

Tertullian, Adversus Marcionem. Ed. Claudio Moreschini. Paris: Cerf, 1990–2004.

al-Tabarī. Taʾrīkh. Ed. M. J. de Goeje et al. Leiden: Brill, 1879–1901. Translation edited by Ehsan Yarshater, numerous translators. Albany: SUNY Press, 1985–2007.

al-Thaʿlabī. Qisas al-Anbiyāʾ. Cairo: Maktabat al-Jumhūrīya al-ʿArabīya, n.d. Trans. William M. Brinner. Leiden: Brill, 2002.

al-Thaʿālibī. Taʾrīkh Ghurar al-siyar. Histoire des rois des Perses. Ed. and trans. H. Zotenberg. Paris: Imprimerie Nationale, 1900.

Thegan. Gesta Hludowici imperatoris. Ed. Ernst Tremp. Hannover: Hahn, 1995.

Theophanes. Chronographia. Ed. Carl de Boor. Leipzig: Teubner, 1883–85. Trans. Cyril Mango and Roger Scott. Oxford: Clarendon, 1987.

Theophylaktos Simokattes. The History of Theophylact Simocatta. Trans. Michael Whitby and Mary Whitby. Oxford: Clarendon, 1986.

al-Yaʿqūbī. Kitāb al-Buldān. Ed. Michael de Goeje. Leiden: Brill, 1892. Trans. Gaston Wiet. Cairo: Institut français d’archéologie orientale, 1937.

Yāqūt. Muʿjam al-Buldān. Ed. Ferdinand Wüstenfeld. Leipzig: Brockhaus, 1866–73.

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