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Campbell, C. Jean

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Index

C. Jean Campbell

The Game of Courting and the Art of the Commune of San Gimignano, 1290–1320

Index

Author

C. Jean Campbell

PublisherPrinceton University Press

Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-23586

Index

Adenès “le Roi,” 117–18

Cléomadès, 117–18

advents and advent imagery, 81, 87, 101, 103, 240n.13. See also courtly ceremonies: princely receptions

affabilitas, 113, 243n.16

allegrezza (happiness), 87–89

Amalric de Narbonne, 66–68

ambivalence: representations of, 180–81, 189, 199

of women, 137–38, 154–56, 178, 186, 199, 250–51n.85, 137–38

of words, 175–82

Andrea da Barberino: Guerino “il Meschino,” 142, 248n.66, 248–49n.67

illustrations of, 142, 248–49n.67

Angevin kings and princes, 13, 44, 46, 58, 60, 65, 75, 93, 95–96, 99

arms and seals of, 44, 60, 72, 99, 102–3, 223n.1, 224n.4, 230n.51

claims in Provence of, 70, 99, 229–30n.46

fealty of San Gimignano to, 44, 58–60, 63, 69, 73–76, 224n.6, 231–32n.65

Italian campaigns of, 60, 66–72, 74–75, 229–30n.46. See also Charles I; Charles II; Charles of Calabria; Robert

Andreas Capellanus: De amore, 178, 190

Antal, Frederick, 9, 11–12, 208n.17, 209nn.21, 22, 210n.24

Aragonese kings, 73

arms of, 60, 77

Ardinghelli family, 215n.16

Scolaio, 47–48, 74, 95, 223n.1, 224n.8, 225n.10

Aristoteles und Phyllis, 124–26

Aristotle: ethics of, 143

legendary seduction of, 124–30, 146–47, 156, 171–72, 175, 183–84, 185, 201, 245n.40, 254n.112

Arnaut Daniel: Sestina, 245n.35, 246n.43

Artes arengae and dictandi. See rhetoric, handbooks of

Assisi, San Francesco, decorations of: Life of St. Francis, 12

Life of St. Martin. See Simone Martini

authority: and authorship, 101, 171

of icons, 105

poetic, 21, 104

poetic and political, 20–21, 93, 99–106, 188, 199–200

sexual, 128–30

universal and contingent/vernacular, 75, 92, 100–106

authorship, 101, 123–24

Auxerre Cathedral, decorations of, 146

avarice. See prodigality

Avignon, Palace of the Popes, 32

Azzo, 33–35, 219n.39

Baldini, Tommaso, 206n.4

Bagnoli, Alessandro, 219n.39, 220n.47, 239n.125

Bambaglioli, Graziolo. See Graziolo de’ Bambaglioli

Bandini, Nicolò (alias Nicolo di Nisi), 43, 88

Baron, Hans, 207n.15, 208nn.16, 17, 210n.24

Bartolo di Fredi, 42, 221n.51

Bartolommeo da San Concordia: Ammaestramenti degli antichi, 155–56, 251n.88

Bassano del Grappa, Palazzo Finco, 65–66, 228n.37

baths and bathing imagery, xvi, 8, 134–36, 147–54, 163, 167–69, 178

Battisti, Eugenio, 209n.23

Belting, Hans, 90, 211n.29

Benevento, battle of, 68, 70, 75

benignitas, 112–13

Benjamin, Walter, 23

Benoît de Ste.-Maure (Ste.-More), 155

Roman de Troie, 113, 158–62, 163–69, 251n.87

illustrations of, 158–62, 163–67

Biganti, Tiziana, 224n.6

birds and avian imagery, 45–46, 120–22, 175–80, 182, 244n.31, 257n.134

Boccaccio, Giovanni, 42, 170

cornice of, 22, 123, 169, 174, 212n.36

Decameron, 197, 201, 244n.25

Filocolo, 6, 245n.32

Filostrato, 169

novelle of, 122, 132, 147–54, 156, 167–69, 172, 175, 190, 211n.29, 244n.61, 260n.5. See also Salabaetto and Ianocfiore

Boivin de Provins, 132–34

Bologna: festivals and festivity in, 81

Boncompagno da Signa: Rota Veneris, xvi, 162, 187

Book of the Seven Sages, 172–75, 179, 254n.116, 255n.119

Book of Wisdom, 102, 104

Botticelli, Sandro, 156

bourgeois idealism, 9, 11, 207n.15, 208n.17, 209n.22

brigate, 43, 79–80, 82, 83, 86, 88

Florentine, 21, 80, 86

Sienese, 86, 235–36n.95, 236n.96. See also youth and youthfulness

Britaud, Jean, 72, 73, 75, 230n.49, 231–32n.65

Brunetto Latini, 111, 143–45, 242n.8

Tesoretto, 111, 143–46, 188–89

Tresor, 111

Brutus, 191, 259n.1

Buchthal, Hugo, 156–58, 166, 252nn.97, 98

Buondelmonti family, 72–74, 230n.52, 231n.56

arms of, 30, 34–35, 72–73, 77, 93

Arnolfo di Gentile (podestà of San Gimignano), 73

association with Angevins of, 72

Bengo (podestà of San Gimignano), 35, 72–73

Buondelmonte, 73

Gentile (podestà of San Gimignano), 30

calendimaggio. See festivals and festivity

Campaldino, battle of, 67–68, 74, 82–83

canopies, 94, 103, 240n.130

cantari, 142, 170–71, 253n.106

Il bel Gherardino, Liombruno, Ponzella gaia, 142. See also Andrea da Barberino

capitano del popolo: representations of, 58. See also San Gimignano: capitani del popolo of

Caravaggi, Giovanni, 88

cassone, 7, 9, 12

Castille, arms of, 60, 77

castle of love, 84–86, 114, 155

Cavicciuoli, Carlo, 43, 88

chambers, 18–19, 123, 177, 185, 245n.36

in towers, 6, 32–33

character development, 160–63, 168–70, 187, 188–89, 194, 200

charity, 102, 143, 191

Charles I, 44, 60, 63, 68–69, 70, 71–74, 76, 78, 97, 99

investiture and coronation of, 63, 64, 70, 231n.64

Italian court of, 66, 71, 170

as podestà, 69

relations with papacy of, 63, 64, 70–71, 74, 231n.64

and troubadour culture, 66, 170

Charles II, 67, 72, 73–74

Charles of Calabria, 97–98

Chiarenti family, 232n.70

arms of, 77, 232n.70

chivalry and courtesy, 55–56, 59, 68, 86–89, 111, 112, 114, 117, 139, 141–42, 143–45, 195. See also courtliness; knights

Chrétien de Troyes, 155, 199

Conte du Graal, 141–42, 261–62n.19

Cligès, 138

Erec and Enide, 182–83

Yvain, 55–57

Christmas. See festivals and festivity

chronicles, 113, 253n.106

civic, 16, 23, 123, 194, 231n.56. See also Ciaccheri; Rolandino da Padua; Villani

Ciaccheri, Matteo, 94

Cicero: De amicitia, 113, 242n.15

De officiis, 243n.16

civette, as coquettes, 177–78. See also owls

civic administration, images of, 95–96

civility. See courtliness

classicism, 11–12, 207n.15, 208n.17, 209n.22

Clement IV (pope), 63–64, 70, 231n.64

Colle Valdelsa, Palazzo Arcivescovile (ex. Palazzo Galganetti), 253–54n.112

commonwealth/ben comune, 191, 196

renewal of, 83, 88, 187

communal culture: modern interpretations of, 9–13, 19, 207–10nn.15, 16, 17, 21, 22, 24, 25

communal palaces, 13, 27–28, 213n.6

decorations of, 13, 27, 108, 210n.25

Compagni, Dino: Cronica, 73

compassion, 184, 198

Conradin, 70

Coppo Stefani, Marchionne di: Cronica, 80, 232–33n.74

corporale bellezza, 155–56, 250–51n.85

corte bandite, 59–60, 79–80, 82, 232–33n.74. See also festivals and festivity

costumes: and narrative structure, 128–32, 180

as ornament, 181

particolored, 123, 132, 180–82, 186, 247n.48

and social status, 181–82

Coulet, Noël, 240n.130

courtesy, 174. See also chivalry and courtesy

courtliness, 88, 112, 143, 198

and civility, 19–20, 110–16, 123, 124, 195, 200

and humanity, 182–83, 198–99. See also chivalry and courtesy

courtly ceremonies, xv, 21, 76–78, 89, 96–98, 100–101, 228n.33

homage, 44, 60, 62–65, 76, 195

institutionalization of, 78, 109, 116–19, 196, 243n.22

investiture, 62–65, 70, 76

knighting, 59–60, 72, 78, 86–87, 88–89, 227n.26, 233n.77, 247n.48

and political authority, 76–78, 89

princely receptions, 59, 60–62, 75, 89, 96–98, 101–6, 227n.25, 240n.130. See also advents and advent imagery; festivals and festivity

courtly epics, 19, 55–57. See also epic forms

courtly idylls, 22, 89, 119–20, 174–75, 195, 197, 212n.36

courtly ladies, 154–56, 162–69, 178, 186, 200, 227n.25, 239n.124, 251n.87, 253–54n.112

and harlots, 138, 154, 167–69, 178, 186, 199, 250–51n.85

names of, 6, 156

at thresholds, 147, 177–78, 186

courtly love and lovers: Erec and Enide, 182–83

Jason and Medea, 163–68

Lancelot and Guenevere, 158, 169

Paolo and Francesca, 158–59, 246n.41

Troilus and Criseida, 169. See also troubadours; Andreas Capellanus

courtly patronage: and the commune, 18, 43

institutionalization of, 116–19

courtly poets. See troubadours

courtly representations: ambivalence of, 199

fiction and reality of, 22–23, 85–87, 89–92, 97–99, 120, 123, 234n.86

naturalization of, 19–20, 123–24, 158–69, 186–89, 199, 212n.36

and political authority, 20–21, 100–102

Courtois d’Arras, 134, 137–38

courtoisie, etymology of, 242n.13. See also courtesy

courts: cities as, 21–23, 184, 198

feudal, 13, 20, 59, 112–14

imaginary, 19, 20–23, 78, 87, 94, 101–6, 114, 123, 195, 197

imperial, 20, 112–13

of love, 79–80, 85–86, 112, 123, 196, 198, 232n.72. See also Angevin kings and princes; Hohenstaufen emperors and heirs

curialitas, 112–13, 242n.13. See also courtliness

damoiseaux. See donzelli

dance. See festivals and festivity

Dante Alighieri, 4, 42, 143, 145

Commedia, 86, 101, 158, 169, 236n.95

De vulgari eloquentia, 197, 261n.13

and the stilnovisti, 83

Davidsohn, Robert, 16, 33, 210n.24

Dempsey, Charles, 234n.84

Deodato Orlandi, Life of St. John the Baptist, 121–22, 155

description: as handmaiden, 138

in romances, 155–56, 244–45n.32, 248n.64, 251n.87

diplomacy, xvi, 75, 89, 162, 228n.33

courtly/festive, xv, 81, 89, 100–101

poetic and political, 65, 89, 188, 200

diversion, literature of, 194–95. See also storytelling

dogs: as attributes of ladies, 147–55

and hunting, 61, 228n.31

as symbols of fidelity, 61–62, 228nn.31, 32

domestic implements, 132–33, 135, 137

dominabilitas, 112–13

donzelli/damoiseaux, 59–61, 79–80, 88

dress of, 59, 87, 227n.26. See also youth and youthfulness

Duby, Georges, xvi, 8

Duccio, 37–38, legacy of, 36

embroideries. See textiles, Malterer embroidery

England, arms of, 60, 77

entertainers (giocolari/giocolieri, giullari, istrionis, jongleurs, minstrels) and entertainment, 21, 41, 48, 65–68, 79, 87, 116–20, 130, 181, 187–88, 194–95, 199, 232–33n.74; 243nn.20, 21, 23

costumes of, 89, 123, 181, 237n.110, 247n.48

epic forms, 19, 55, 58, 59, 75, 114, 163, 176, 225nn.14, 15, 16

erotic wordplay, 128, 246n.43

and visual puns, 146, 235n.87, 246n.43

eroticism: curtailed, 187–88

naturalized, 153, 168–69, 187–90, 193

and ornament, 87, 120–22, 146, 153

ethics: of Aristotle, 143

in communal Italy, 21, 143–46

feudal/courtly, 21, 112, 143–45

exemplary tales, 171, 180–82. See also storytelling; Gesta romanorum

exoticism, 122, 153, 244n.32

fabliaux, 21, 132–38, 168, 171, 183–84, 253n.106

fealty, 60–65, 98, 195

of communes to Angevins, 68–71, 74–76

of communes to Holy Roman emperors, 74, 76, 113, 231n.60. See also courtly ceremonies: homage, investiture; fidelity; Florence: fealty to Angevins of; San Gimignano: fealty to Angevins of

female enclosure, 177–78

festivals and festivity, xv, 19, 21–22, 43, 44–46, 48–66, 72, 75–93, 100–101, 103, 112, 114, 187–88, 195–200, 211n.30, 224nn.3, 5, 6, 232–33n.74, 233nn.77, 78, 236–37n.105, 239n.124

Corpus Christi, 240n.130

corte bandite, 59–60, 79–80, 82, 232–33n.74

Christmas, 80, 86

dances, 45, 48, 54, 65, 91–92, 195, 232n.72, 232–33n.74, 236n.105, 237n.110

hunts, 5–6, 21, 48–54, 59, 61, 78–79, 80, 83, 89–90, 110–11, 195, 226n.21, 232n.72, 233n.75, 236–37n.105, 253–54n.112

jousts, 45, 48, 52, 55–56, 59, 61, 65–66, 83–84, 195, 224n.6, 227n.25, 232n.72, 236n.105

and marriages, 80, 232–33n.74, 260–61n.10

May Day (calendimaggio), xv, 79, 81–83, 89, 100–101, 187, 234n.81, 239n.124

Maundy Thursday, 80

poetry for, 83, 87–89, 197

San Giovanni, 79–82, 89, 232–33n.74, 233n.78, 233–34n.81. See also courtly ceremonies; Folgore da San Gimignano: Sonetti; hunts and hunting; Angelo Poliziano

fidelity, 61–62, 228nn.31, 32. See also fealty

Fiumi, Enrico, 16, 210n.26

Flamenca, 168, 252n.100

flexibility, 115. See also tractabilitas

Florence: arms of, 71

fealty to Angevins of, 74

festivals in, 79–80, 83, 89, 119

forms of government in, 95, 238n.117

Guelphism in, 71, 73, 74, 88, 94

painting in, 11

political imagery in, 99

relations between San Gimignano and, 74, 94, 95

— Palace of the Arte della Lana, decorations of, 191

— Palazzo Davanzati, decorations of, 10–12, 46

flowers: as attributes of ladies, 101, 103, 155

as symbols of the Garden of Paradise, 104

Folgore da San Gimignano, 3, 18, 42–43, 83–85, 86–91, 143, 234n.86, 245n.36,

as soldier, 42–43

Sonetti, 3–4, 21–23, 42–43, 84–85, 86–88, 89–90, 122–23, 145–46, 212n.36, 236nn.96, 99, 236–37n.105

fortune/Fortune, 185–86, 200–201

frame stories/cornices, 172–75. See also Boccaccio: Decameron

Francastel, Pierre, 234n.84

France, kings of, 68

arms of, 44, 60, 72, 223n.1

Freccero, John, 200–201

Frederick II, 59, 226n.23, 228n.37

games of chance, 83, 110–11, 134–36, 145, 242n.6

gardens, 174–75, 177, 245n.35

garrulity, 177–79, 257n.134

and jangle, 180–81

Gaston Phoebus: Hunting Book, 229n.31

gazze. See magpies

gendered spaces: apertures of, 177–78

chambers as, 18–19, 123, 177, 185

gardens as, 177, 245n.35

halls as, 18–19

Gesta romanorum, 180–82

Ghibelline Party and partisans, 42, 67, 69–71, 73, 231nn.55, 56, 236n.99

gift giving, xv, 21, 43, 76, 89, 109, 116–19, 141–42, 143, 164, 170, 239n.124, 243nn.22, 23, 232n.74, 248n.61

versus profit, 143

and theft, 141–2. See also purses, exchange of

giocolari/giocoliere. See entertainers

Giotto and giotteschi, 9, 12

giullari. See entertainers

gloves, 59–60, 62–64, 96–97

Goldthwaite, Richard, 211n.30

Gothic cathedrals, decoration of, 134

Gottfried von Strassbourg: Tristan, 111

Graziolo de’Bambaglioli: Trattato di virtù, 196

Guelph Party and partisans, 42–43, 67, 72–75, 79–80, 88, 94, 215n.16, 225n.10, 230n.52, 231nn.55, 56, 236n.99

alliance with Angevins of, 71, 74, 230n.46

alliance with papacy of, 71

domination in Tuscany of, 68–75, 83

seals and arms of, 57–58, 70, 72, 93

Guido delle Colonne: Historia Destructionis Troiae, 113–14

Venetian illustrations of, 158

vernacular translation of, 243n.16

Guillaume d’Orange, 75

Hallissay, Margaret, 177

happiness. See allegrezza

Hébert, Romans de Dolopathos, 255n.120

Henri d’Andeli, Lai d’Aristote, 124–26, 183–84

heraldry, 34, 45–46, 57, 59, 71–72, 73, 231n.63

animation of, 58–70, 77

in communal Italy, 58, 76–78, 93, 103, 224n.4, 227n.30, 230n.51

and conferral of arms, 72, 76–77

in feudal society, 58, 76–78, 224n.4

Herrad of Landsberg: Hortus Deliciarum, 185–86

Hoeniger, Cathleen, 241n.132

Hohenstaufen emperors and heirs, 60, 66, 68, 71, 113

arms of, 60, 227n.30

Neapolitan court of, 240n.130. See also Conradin; Frederick II; Manfred

Hollander, Robert, 256n.124

Holy Roman Empire and emperors, 74

arms and imagery of, 60, 69, 77

fealty of communes to, 74, 76, 113, 231n.60. See also Hohenstaufen emperors and heirs, Rudolph of Hapsburg

homage ceremonies. See courtly ceremonies

hosts and hosting, 21, 78, 80, 89, 93, 102, 105–6, 120, 132, 240

humanism and humanity: courtly, 158–59, 182–83, 198–99

and naturalism, 194–95

Renaissance, 200

hunts and hunting, 110–11, 197–98, 261n.13

amorous, 111, 171–72, 198. See also festivals and festivity

Iancofiore, 122, 132, 154, 167–69, 250n.85. See also courtly ladies: names of

imperial biography, 113–14

imperial imagery, 58–59, 92, 226n.23

in Byzantine art, 58, 226n.21

investiture. See courtly ceremonies

iocunditas/iucunditas (jocundity), 112, 116, 123, 195, 199

istrionis. See entertainers

ivory carvings, 12, 84–85, 95, 126–29, 134–40, 142, 146, 155, 163, 169, 194, 234–35n.87

Jaeger, C. Stephen, 112–13, 114, 115, 199, 242n.13

jangle. See garrulity

Jezebel, 177

Jean de Haute-Seille (Johannes de Alta Silva): Dolophathos, 174, 255n.119

jocundity. See iocunditas

Jones, Philip, 211n.30

jongleurs. See entertainers; troubadours

jousts. See festivals and festivity

joviality, 115. See also iocunditas

justice, 57, 98, 104, 105, 182, 185, 259n.1

and mercy, 57–58

mirrors of, 174. See also compassion

Kantorowicz, Ernst, 207n.15

kingship, ideals of. See sovereignty and nobility

knights, 87, 168, 182–83, 198–99, 200, 227n.25, 253–54n.112

education of, 111

errant, 111, 138–42, 182–83, 232–33n.74

and villains, 199

largesse/largueza/liberalidat (liberality), 111, 117, 143–46

Lavene, Robert de, 69, 72, 73, 230n.49

Leonardo da Vinci, 179

Li Gotti, Ettore, 8–9, 12, 138, 206n.11, 246n.41

liberalidat. See largesse

lion imagery, 55–58, 70

locus amoenus, 123, 212n.36

Lorenzetti, Ambrogio: Bad Government, 180

Composition of Siena’s Sovereignty, 96–97, 196, 207n.15, 238n.119

Good Government in the City and Countryside, 54, 78–79, 89–93, 232n.72, 237n.110, 260–61n.10

Sala dei Nove frescoes, 9, 19, 54, 79, 92, 220n.46, 251n.89

love and martial activity, 114, 156, 232n.72

luxuria and vanity, 134–36, 146, 153, 154

lyric metaphors and representation, 92, 101–6, 114, 123, 139, 155, 234–35n.87

Machiavelli, Nicolò, 200–201

letters of, 192–93, 200

Macrobius: Saturnalia, 194

Madonna della Misericordia, 139

attribution of Sienese panel of, 38

iconography of, 138–39

magpies, 45–46

and speech, 175–80

and women, 177–80, 257n.134

majesty: images of, 60–61, 98. See also sovereignty and nobility

Malterer embroidery, 126–30, 246n.42

Manfred, 68

Marie de France: Lanval, 117, 140–42, 243n.23

marriage: celebration of, 80, 232–33n.74, 260–61n.10

as an ideal state, 183, 196

and nuptial imagery, 7, 8, 9–12, 78, 206n.10, 208n.18

Martin IV (pope), 74

Martindale, Andrew, 60

Matière de Bretagne, 142

Matthew Paris: Lives of the Two Offas, 61–62, 227n.26, 228n.32

Medici, Lorenzo (the Magnificent), 83, 200

Memmi, Lippo, 39, 219n.42

Maesta, 13, 16–17, 19, 39, 40, 44, 48, 55, 93–94, 99–100, 102–6, 185, 195, 221n.48, 237–38n.113, 240–41n.132

Memmo di Filippuccio, 36, 40, 42

attributions to, 36–39, 123–24, 219–20nn.42, 43, 47

family and associates of, 36, 42, 219n.42, 221n.48, 223n.61. See also Lippo Memmi; San Gimignano: Communal Palace, tower room decorations; Simone Martini

minstrels. See entertainers

Montecatini, battle of, 42

Montfort counts: arms of, 71–72

Guy, 70–72, 230n.49, 232n.65

Morgan Picture Book, 63–64

mothers and Medusa figures, 138, 186

Myers, Henry, 184

Naples, 66, 170, 240n.130

Sta. Chiara, Tomb of Charles of Calabria, 97–98

narrative structures, 139, 167–69

Nicholas III (pope), 74

Nicholas IV (pope), 48

Nicolò di Nisi. See Bandini, Nicolò

nobility. See sovereignty and nobility

Novara, Broletto (Town Hall), decorations of, 225nn.14, 16

novelle, 20, 153, 171, 197

origins of, 20, 187. See also Boccaccio; Novellino

Novellino, 174–75, 187, 211n.29, 255–56n.121

Old Testament Picture Book. See Morgan Picture Book

Orfino da Lodi: De regimine, 119–20, 194

ornament, 4–6, 87, 120–23, 146, 152–53, 155–56, 176–81, 244n.31, 244–45n.32

Otto I, bishop of Freising: Gesta Friderici, 114–15

Ovid, 189

Metamorphoses, 257n.134

Owl and the Nightingale, 178–79, 257n.132

owls, 175–79

Palermo, Chiaramonte Palace, 126

Partini, Giuseppe, 4

Paul, Jürgen, 210n.25

pavilions. See tents

peace, imagery of, 89, 98, 232n.72, 260–61n.10

Perceval. See Chrétien de Troyes: Conte du Graal

Pernes, Tour Ferrande, 63–65, 70, 99–100, 229–30n.24, 231nn.63, 64

Petrarca, Francesco, 42

Picone, Michelangelo, 212n.36

plazer, 83, 234n.85

podestà: arms of, 30, 34–35, 72–73, 77, 91, 93–94, 99, 103–4

entertainment of, 116, 119–20, 187–88, 189–90, 194–95, 243n.20

as host, 21, 81, 120

identification of commune with, 19–20, 46, 63, 78, 93, 102, 106, 108, 119

identity and exemplary character of, 8, 21, 81, 108–20, 123, 187–90, 191, 194, 224n.5

images of, 46, 61–63, 78, 87, 93, 99, 102, 104–6

as patron, 21, 29–30, 35, 102, 116–19

regulation of, 108–12, 116–19, 187–88, 242n.6, 243nn.20, 21

residences of, 28, 218n.36

treatises for, 110, 195. See also Orfino da Lodi; San Gimignano: Communal Palace; San Gimignano: Palazzo Mantellini; San Gimignano: podestà of; Siena: Palazzo Pubblico

poetry: comic/realistic, 83, 234n.86

courtly, 101, 114

early Italian, 14, 42, 83, 101–6, 197

and imaginary topography, 3–4, 21–23, 87–97

Latin, 102–3

and politics, 19, 43, 101, 182, 190, 192–93, 200

of praise/prayer, 66–68, 101–2, 155, 234n.85

pre-Raphaelite, 3–4, 205n.1. See also diplomacy; Folgore da San Gimignano; romances; troubadours

Poggibonsi, seige of, 69–71

political sexuality, no, 187–88, 200–201

Poliziano, Angelo, 83

Stanze per la Giostra, 197–98

popes and papacy: allegiance of communes to, 112

alliance with Angevins, 68, 71, 96

alliance with Guelph Party, 71

arms of, 45, 60, 75, 77, 96, 99

relations with Charles I of Anjou, 68, 71, 74, 95–96, 231n.64. See also Clement IV; Martin IV; Nicholas III; Nicholas IV

popolo: government of, 74, 79, 82, 94

seals and imagery of, 57–58, 70, 94, 102–3

victory over the empire of, 70. See also San Gimignano: capitani del popolo of

portraiture, 102, 104–6. See also character development; description

princes, mirrors for, 174, 255n.120

private and public realms, xv, 9–10, 19–20, 108–11, 175, 189–90, 191, 193, 194

patronage in, 18, 43

Prodigal Son stories, 130–47, 153–54, 160, 163, 169, 170, 201, 247n.53

prodigality, 111, 143–46

and avarice, 143, 145

and largesse/liberality, 143–45

profligacy, xv, 146

prostitution, xv

bathhouses and, 154, 168

tales of, 132–40, 146, 147–54, 156, 167–68

Provence, Angevin claims in. See Angevin kings and princes

purses, exchange of, 130–34, 138, 141, 146, 248n.61

Rave, August, 103, 240n.130

recantation, 189–90, 259n.151

renewal, 88, 92, 101

of the commonwealth, 83, 88, 187

republicanism, 9, 12, 19, 98, 115, 195, 207n.15, 207–208n.16, 208n.17

rhetoric, 110, 114, 115, 182, 187

handbooks of, 110, 162

and rhetoricians, xvi, 162, 187, 200; See also power: of words

Riess, Jonathan, 58, 210n.25

Riquier, Guiraut de, 66–68, 234n.85

Robert (king of Naples), 104

Robertson, D. W., 235n.91

Rolandino da Padua: Libri chronicorum, 85–86, 112–14, 116, 194

romances, 8, 10, 12, 55–57, 68, 112, 114, 134 138–42, 154, 156–71, 182–84, 197–99, 200, 253n.106, 253–54n.112

character development in, 160, 167–70

description in, 155–56, 244n.32, 248n.64, 251n.87. See also Benoît de Ste.-Maure; Chretien de Troyes; Marie de France; Flamenca; Troy Romance

Romano family, 228n.37

Ezzolino III, 226n.24

Rossetti, Dante Gabriel, 3–4

Rubinstein, Nicolai, 208n.16

Rudolph of Hapsburg, 74, 231n.60

Ruggerotti family, palace of, 29, 216n.23

Sacchetti, Francesco: Trecentonovelle, 120–22

sacre conversazioni, 101–5

Salabaetto and Iancofiore, tale of, 132, 147–54, 156, 167–69, 244–45n.32, 248n.61

Salvucci family, 215n.20

San Gimignano: ambassadors and envoys for, 43, 75, 88

arms of, 93, 102–3

artistic production and resident painters in, 14, 18, 36, 40–42, 221–22n.53, 222nn.54, 55, 56, 57, 223n.61, 223n.62

capitani del popolo of, 43, 94, 218n.36, 230n.47, 231n.55, 238n.114

chronicles of, 14, 16, 94

communal bell of, 29, 216n.22

cultural institutions and patronage in, 18, 40–43, 116

descriptions of, 3–4, 205n.1

disputes between church and commune in, 29, 47–48

elections in, 42, 69, 231n.55

fealty to Angevins of, 44, 58–60, 62–63, 69, 73–76, 224n.6, 231–32n.65

fealty to Holy Roman Empire of, 74–76

festivals and festivity in, xv, 80–82, 88–89, 233n.75, 233–34n.81

government of, 24–25, 74–75, 95, 215n.16, 218n.36, 238nn.114, 116, 117

Guelphism in, 74–75, 215n.16

history of, 16–18, 24–25, 69–76

modern restoration of, 4, 15–16, 205n.3, 213–14n.10

offices and palaces of the commune in, 25, 26–28, 30, 215nn.16, 18, 217n.36

peace between Volterra and, 43, 88

podestà of, 25, 28–30, 43, 46, 69, 81, 93–94, 102–6; 215n.20, 230n.47, 231n.55, 238n.114

statutes, reforms, and expenses of, xv, 14, 18, 21, 25, 29, 31, 33, 35, 40–41, 80–83, 108, 110, 116, 118–19, 187–88, 213nn.3, 4, 215n.20, 216n.22, 216–17n.27, 218nn.28, 30, 31, 33, 36, 37, 221–22n.53, 222n.54, 55, 56, 57, 233n.75, 241n.4, 242n.6, 243nn.20, 22, 244n.25

urban fabric of, 15–16, 25–28, 108

—Bishop’s Palace, 25

—Collegiata, 26, 69

campanile of, 29, 216n.22

decoration of, 39, 42

landholdings and buildings of, 26, 215n.20

piazza of, 26

—Communal Palace, 26–27, 31, 108, 217nn.27, 30

bell tower of, 4, 26, 29–30, 216n.23

construction and furnishing of, 13, 18, 25, 27, 29–30, 32, 215n.20, 217–18n.33, 218nn.34, 37

decorations of, 13–14, 17–18, 23, 27, 33–40, 191, 197

inventory of, 205n.4

loggia of, 26, 30, 213–14n.9

as podestà’s residence, xv, 19, 30–33, 107–8, 175, 216–17n.27, 217n.30

renovations and restorations of, 4, 216n.26, 241n.2. See also San Gimignano, Communal Palace, council hall decorations; San Gimignano, Communal Palace, tower room decorations

—Palazzo Mantellini, 26, 28–30, 33, 214nn.12, 13, 14, 214–15n.15, 215n.16, 216–17n.27, 217n.28,

ownership of, 214–15nn.14, 15, 16

—Rocca (Fortress of Montestaffoli), 25, 26

See also San Gimignano, Communal Palace, council hall decorations, xv–xvi, 13–15, 18–20, 34, 43, 44–106, 176, 195–98

attribution and dating of, 33–35, 219n.39, 221n.50

coats of arms in, 34–35, 72–73, 93, 96, 224n.4

patronage of, 35

—acclamation scene, 55–58, 63, 70

—battle scene, 46, 55, 69, 78

—civic administration scene, 14–15, 94–96

—cortège, 14–15, 34, 44–45, 46–48, 54, 55, 57–58, 59–66, 69, 74, 78, 87, 89, 92, 95–97, 99, 195, 224nn.3, 5, 6

—hunting and wilderness scenes, 46, 48–54, 61, 75, 78, 195

—inscriptions, 47–48, 74, 95, 223n.1, 224n.8, 238n.118

—jousting scenes, 2, 45, 46, 48–52, 55–56, 59, 61, 65, 78, 195, 224n.6

—roll of arms, 14–15, 45–46, 60, 71–72, 77, 94, 96, 176, 227n.30

—St. Christopher, 52, 68 See also Lippo Memmi: Maestà

San Gimignano, Communal Palace, tower room decorations, xvi, 4–13, 18–20, 107–8, 109, 120–90, 194–98

attribution and dating of, 35–39, 123–24, 221n.50

descriptions and interpretations of, 8–9, 205–6n.4

destruction and recovery of, 4, 205–6n.4, 241n.2

“sources” of, 12, 124–71, 252n.98

—Bathhouse Romance, 7, 147–69, 171–72, 177–78, 182–83

—fictive ornament, 4–5, 108, 120–23, 181,

—inscription, 6, 156, 251n.89

—owl and magpies, 175–80, 182

—Prodigal Son story, 5, 37, 130–47, 156, 160, 170, 171–72, 180

—Seduction of Aristotle, 5, 124–30, 146–47, 156, 171–72, 175

Santa Fina, 169–70, 210n.26, 252–53n.104

Saxl, Fritz, 156–60, 163, 200, 252n.98

Schlosser, Julius von, 20

Schubring, Paul, 6–7, 298n.18

seduction, signs of, 162, 177

Seigel, Jerrold, 115

Sercambi, Giovanni, Novelle, 126

Siena: courtly ceremonies in, 78, 233n.77

painting in, 11

relations between San Gimignano and, 93–94, 238n.113

statutes and reforms of, 22, 34, 95, 116, 181–82, 187–88, 243n.21

Siena, Palazzo Pubblico

—Sala del Mappamondo, decorations of, 13, 36–38, 62–63, 220n.46. See also Simone Martini: Guidoriccio, Maestà, Surrender of a Castle

—Sala dei Nove, decorations of. See Ambrogio Lorenzetti

—Sala del Podestà, 33, 218–19n.38

silence and chastity, 177–79, 200

Simone Martini, 36, 38, 219n.42, 220n.47

Guidoriccio (attrib.?), 36

Life of St. Martin, 38, 59, 247n.48

Maesta, 19, 57, 92, 94, 99–106, 195–96, 239nn.123, 124, 240nn.130, 132

Madonna della Misericordia (attrib.?), 38, 59, 247n.48

St. Louis Altarpiece, 104, 224n.4

Surrender of a Castle (attrib.?), 36–38, 62–63

Singleton, Charles, 107, 201, 256n.124, 259n.151

Skinner, Quentin, 207n.15, 208n.16, 238n.119

Solomon: and Sheba, 59, 185, 226n.23

wisdom and folly of, 185–86

sovereigns, as agents, 63, 196, 200

sovereignty and nobility, xv, 68, 71, 78, 111, 119, 178–81, 182–86, 191, 196, 198–201, 226n.23

communal representations of, xv, 18, 20–21, 83, 92–93, 95–106, 108, 110, 176, 181, 188, 195–96, 207n.15, 227n.25, 238n.119

signs of; 63. See also authority

squires. See donzelli

St. Christopher, 52, 68, 253–54n.112

St.-Dié, Collegiate Church, Investiture of Simon of Lorraine, 62

Starn, Randolph, 115, 208n.16

statutes and reforms, 110, 116, 119, 187–88, 194. See also San Gimignano: statutes, reforms, and expenses of; Siena: statutes and reforms of

storytelling, 8, 20, 123, 124, 127, 153, 171–75, 211n.29, 253n.106, 254n.116, 255n.120

and authority, 171

didactic, 8–9, 172–75, 187–88, 256n.124

as diversion, 123, 173–75, 182, 186–87, 255n.117, 255–56n.121, 256n.124

Eastern traditions of, 172–73, 254–55n.116, 255n.120

in sermons, 171, 174. See also Boccaccio: Decameron; Book of the Seven Sages; exemplary tales; fabliaux; novelle; romances; Thousand and One Nights

sumptuary legislation, xv, 81–82, 181–82, 233nn.77, 78

and transvestitism, 181–82

Swinburne, Algernon Charles: Springtime in Tuscany, 205n.1

Tagliacozzo, battle of, 70, 71, 75

tapestries. See textiles

tents/pavilions: descriptions of, 248n.64

and ladies, 130–31, 138–42, 170

textiles, 9, 12

representations of, 121–22. See also Malterer embroidery

Thebaid, 52

Thousand and One Nights, 173, 254–55n.116, 255n.120

thresholds, 147, 177–78, 186

Throne of Wisdom. See wisdom / Wisdom

Tino da Camaino, Tomb of Charles of Calabria, 97–98

Todi, Palazzo del Popolo, decorations of, 227n.25

Tolomei family, 230n.51, arms and seals of, 72, 77, 93–94, 102–3, 230n.51

Dino (podestà of San Gimignano), 30

Nello (podestà and capitano of San Gimignano), 94, 102, 104–6

patronage of, 102, 223n.61

tower rooms. See chambers

tractabilitas, 112–13, 116, 242n.16

transvestitism. See sumptuary legislation

travesty, 128–30, 147

Trent, Castello del Buonconsiglio, 32–33, 218n.35

Treviso, 85–86

Palace of the Counts of Colalto, 245n.40, 253–54n.112

Trexler, Richard, 211n.30

troubadours, 66, 170

images of, 65–66, 117–18, 228n.37

and Charles I of Anjou, 66, 170

and jongleurs, 199

poetry of, 21, 65–68, 83, 88, 93, 114, 243n.85, 237n.106, 245n.36. See also Adenès “le Roi”; Guiraut de Riquier; Arnaut Daniel

Troy Romance, 113, 156–70

French illustrations of, 252n.98

Italian illustrations of, 156–62, 163–67, 252nn.97, 98. See also Benoît de Ste.-Maure; Guido delle Colonne

Uberti family, 73, 231n.56

urbanitas (urbanity), 113. See also courtliness

van Marie, Raimond, 8, 235n.91

Vance, Eugene, 143

Vasari, Giorgio: Vite, 209n.22, 219n.42

Venice, festivals in, 80

Venus, children of, 232n.72. See also courts of love

vernacular culture, 8, 66–68, 92, 100–102, 170, 197–200

Verona, 59, 226–27n.24

Torre di San

Zeno, 58–59, 185, 226n.23

Via Francigena, 24

Villani, Giovanni: Cronica, 72, 79–80, 82–83, 86, 89, 119, 231n.56

Virgil: Bucolics, 184

Volterra, bishop of, 24, 214n.14,

church of, 223n.1

peace between San Gimignano and, 43, 88

visit of Charles I of Anjou to, 69

Waley, Daniel, 78

Watson, Paul, 234–35n.87

Wieruszowski, Helene, 12–13, 92, 209–10n.24

wilderness imagery, 52

wisdom/Wisdom, 68, 104, 146–47

Divine, 104, 185, 191

and folly, 185–86

Throne of, 102, 105, 195. See also Solomon, Book of Wisdom

Wolfram von Eschenbach: Parzival, 199

youth and youthfulness, 68, 88, 89, 92, 146–47, 188, 198

clothing of, 87

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