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Index
Michele Greet
Description: Transatlantic Encounters: Latin American Artists in Paris Between the Wars
Transatlantic Encounters: Latin American Artists in Paris Between the Wars
Index
Author
Michele Greet
PublisherYale University Press
Copyright© 2018 by Michele Greet
https://doi.org/10.37862/aaeportal.00171.015
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-19153
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Index
Note: All institutions located in Paris unless otherwise indicated.
Abela, Eduardo, 101, 116–21, 146, 168, 187
The Mystical Rooster, 117, 119
Path to Regla, 117, 118
Aberdam, Alfred, 174
Abstraction-Création (artists’ group), 187, 192–93, 195
Abstraction-Création (journal), 192–93
Academía de Bellas Artes de San Carlos, Mexico, 79
Academia Nacional de Bellas Artes San Alejandro, Cuba, 41, 79
Académie André Lhote, 6, 43, 47–55, 48, 212
Académie Colarossi, 6, 43, 44–45
Académie d’Art Contemporain, 140
Académie de la Grande Chaumière, 6, 43, 45–47, 46, 57, 138, 212
Académie de l’Art Moderne, 270n56
Académie de la rue du Départ, 49, 262n83, 263n94
Académie de Montparnasse, 50
Académie Internationale des Beaux-Arts, 56–57, 59
Académie Julian, 6, 43, 44, 124, 251
Académie Moderne, 6, 43, 262n83
Académie Montparnasse, 43, 52, 262n83
Académie Ranson, 43, 45, 240
académies libres, 43–47
Acevedo, Adelia de, 188
Acuña, Luis Alberto, 98, 262n77
Nessus Seducing Deianira, 98, 99
Ades, Dawn, 276n11
AEAR. See Association des Écrivains et Artistes Révolutionnaires
Afro-Brazilian themes, 124–28, 130
Afro-Cuban themes, 116–20, 169
Afro-Uruguayan themes, 67, 107–12
Ainscough, Hilda, 238
Albert, Tótila, 261n51
Alcorta, Rodolfo, 189, 238
Álvarez de Sotomayor, Fernando, 43
Alvear, Carlos María de, 47
Amaral, Tarsila do, 4, 9, 33, 36, 49–50, 98, 101, 106, 122–30, 144, 146, 150, 153, 158, 196, 200–208, 251, 260n44, 262n76, 269n9, 271n13, 276n19, 276n33, 276nn16–17
Abaporu (originally exhibited as Nude), 201, 202, 204–8
Adoration, 127–28, 158–59, 159
Calmness I (original exhibited as Marine), 201, 203–4, 204
Composition, 99
cover of exhibition catalogue for, 123;
living room of, 158
Manacá (Princess Flower), 201, 203
The Negress, 127, 127
photograph of, 126
Portrait of Mário de Andrade, 57, 59
postcard from, 33
São Paulo, 128–29, 128
Shantytown Hill, 124–25, 125
Two Models, 49, 49
Amauta (journal), 169–70
Amigos del Arte galleries, Buenos Aires, 215
L’amour de l’art (journal), 10, 79, 271n2
Andean art, 75–78
Andrada, José de, 73
Andrade, Mário de, 50, 58, 130, 262n90
postcard to, 33
Andrade, Oswald de, 124–26, 158, 201, 206, 208, 260n44
Anonymous, Surrealist Map of the World, 231, 231
Apollinaire, Guillaume, 26, 154
Aragon, Louis, 196, 199, 212, 215–16, 248
architecture, 230–33
Argentina, 5, 49, 54, 66–67, 214–17, 238–39
Arp, Jean, 182, 183, 193, 200, 231, 254, 274n30
Artaud, Antonin, 219–21, 230, 254
Art Concret, 182
art deco, 92, 126, 258n2
Artistes d’aujourd’hui (journal), 131
Les arts anciens de L’Amérique (exhibition), 181
L’art vivant (journal), 10, 145, 150–51, 151, 252–53
Arzadun, Carmelo de, 172
Association de l’Amérique Latine, 113, 125
Association des Écrivains et Artistes Révolutionnaires (AEAR), 55, 243–45, 280n31
Association Paris-Amérique Latine, 33, 74–78, 251
Asturias, Miguel Ángel, 115–16, 169
Légendes de Guatemala, 141
Atelier d’Études, 262n83
Atelier 17, 106, 218
Atl, Dr. See Murillo, Gerardo
L’Atlantique (poster), 34
authenticity, 7, 8, 112, 117, 207
automatism, 163, 198, 217–18, 230, 231, 235, 276n31
avant-garde: Abela and, 116
Amaral and, 130, 208, 269n9
Cercle et Carré and, 185–87
exhibition venues for, 104
galleries and, 105, 124
Latin American artists in, 120, 152–53, 187–88, 257
Mariátegui and, 166–67
Mexican art and, 230
multimedia works of, 186
press coverage of, 152–53
Salon des Vrais Indépendants and, 101
Torres García and, 172, 175–76
transnational factors in, 7
women artists in, 122, 124
Avilés Ramírez, Eduardo, 39, 39
Bach, Fritz, 229
Bachué, 93
Badi, Aquiles, 38, 38, 50, 263n91
Blue Acrobat, 52
Baker, Josephine, 112, 120
Balmori, Santos, 151, 262n77
Banderas, Héctor, 261n51
Barbagelata, Hugo David, 1ère exposition du Groupe Latino-Américain de Paris du 11 au 24 Avril, 1930, 188, 188
Barradas, Rafael, 172
Basaldúa, Héctor, 38, 38, 40, 50, 52, 238, 261n35, 263n91
Nude, 52, 53
Still Life, 40, 40
Bataille, Georges, 206
Baudelaire, Charles, 227
Baumeister, Willi, 183
Beaux-arts (journal), 10, 238, 271n2
Bellini, Gilberto, 240
Beloff, Angelina, 20
Beretta, Milo, 240
Berni, Antonio, 4, 46, 50, 196, 212–16, 218, 263n91, 277n60
Eiffel Tower in the Pampa, 213, 214
Landscape at Marcesine, 51
Napoleon III, 214–15, 215
Bestard, Jaime, 35, 45–46
Bifur (journal), 169–70
Bigatti, Alfredo, 238, 261n35, 262n77, 263n91
blacks: in Abela’s works, 116–20
in Figari’s works, 108–12
Parisian attitudes about, 108–12, 117, 120
Blanchard, María, 22, 134
Blue Grotto, Capri, 28, 29
Boiffard, Jacques-André, 206
Bolívar, Simón, 6, 56, 258n17
Bonco, Enriqueta, 269n3
Bonnard, Pierre, 26, 45
Bontá Costa, Aurelio, 47
Bourdelle, Antoine, 46–47, 57, 60, 262n77
Monument to General Carlos María de Alvear, 47, 47
bourgeois values, surrealism’s critique of, 167, 196–97, 200, 208
Bourières-Giraud, Mme., 269n3
Brancusi, Constantin, 46, 72, 124, 126–27
White Negress, 127
Braque, Georges, 13, 17, 22, 23, 100, 154, 254
Still Life, 158–59, 159
Brauner, Victor, 218, 226, 235, 254
Bravo, Manuel Álvarez, 196, 222, 223, 226–30, 278n99
Girl Looking at Birds, 226, 227
Recent Grave, 229, 229
Ruin, 229
Striking Worker, Assassinated, 227–28, 228
Brazil, 5, 49, 99–100, 128–30, 150, 155, 207, 240, 242, 277n67
Breaj (critic), 114
Brecheret, Victor, 57, 69–70, 74, 90, 91–92, 265n4
Dancer, 92, 93
Group, 92
Perfume Bearer, 91–92, 92, 266n44
Rhythm, 69–70, 70
Brenner, Anita, “Une renaissance Mexicaine,” 150, 150, 151
Breton, André, 10, 106, 163, 168, 170, 182, 196–97, 200–201, 208, 212, 215, 218–19, 221–31, 234–36, 254, 278n92, 278n99
Fata Morgana, 235, 236, 279n129
Brissaud, Pierre, 60
Broqua, Alfonso, La cruz del sud, 73
Bulletin de l’Amérique latine (journal), 145
Bulletin de la vie artistique (journal), 23, 145, 151, 152
Bulletin de l’effort moderne (journal), 10, 22, 27, 31, 127, 145, 153–66, 154
Bulletin provisoire du Bureau d’études et de propagande (journal), 75
Buñuel, Luis, 212
Bureau Central de Recherches Surréalistes, 276n17
Bureau des Nations de l’Amérique Latine, 74, 264n57
Bustamante, Abelardo “Paschín,” 261n51
Butler, Horacio, 38–39, 38, 42, 46, 50, 52, 172, 189, 238, 261n35, 263n91
Cabezón, Isaías, 42, 151, 261n51
Portrait of Victor Valdés Alfonso, 42, 43
Cabinet Maldoror, Brussels, 151
Cabré, Manuel, 62, 65
The Seine, 62
Cabrera, Germán, 240, 262n77
Cabrera, Lydia, 138, 262n76
Contes Cubains, 141
Cabrera, Rosario, 106, 150, 269n3
Cáceres, Héctor, 261n51
Café du Parnasse, 23
Café Lipp, 182
cafés, 37–40
Café Voltaire, 182
Cahiers d’art (journal), 10, 145, 152–53
Calandria, Juan José, 262n77
Calder, Alexander, 193
“call to order” movement, 47, 66, 154
Candía, Domingo, 191
Candombe (dance), 107–9
Carlsund, Otto, 182
Carnet de la semaine (journal), 21, 105
Carpentier, Alejo, 7, 32, 33, 38, 40, 41, 116–17, 119, 147, 166, 168–70, 196
Carpio, Elena del, 77, 269n3
Carrasco, Gustavo, 261n51
Carreño, Mario, 106, 249, 251–53, 256
Women by the Seashore, 251–52, 253
Carril, Delia del, 262n76
carte de séjour, 33
Cassou, Jean, 107, 111, 137, 248, 271n2
“La renaissance de l’art mexicain,” 150, 151, 211
Castellanos, Carlos Alberto, 72, 83, 98, 106, 146, 150, 189, 237, 239, 265n4
mural for the Uruguay pavilion at Exposition internationale des arts et techniques dans la vie moderne, 239–40, 239
Spaniards Surprised by Indians, 72, 73
Water Carrier, 83–84, 84
Castellanos, Julio, letter from, 48
Catholicism, 155
Cavalcanti, Emiliano di, 7, 37, 240–41
Girls with Guitars, 240, 241
Cazenave, Paule, 46
Cendrars, Blaise, 24, 124–25, 201, 260n44, 269n13, 276nn18–19, 277n67
L’anthologie nègre, 124, 269n12
Feuilles de route, 126
Profond aujourd’hui, 24, 25
scenario for La création du monde, 269n12, 276n16
Cercle de l’Amérique Latine, 74
Cercle et Carré (artists’ group), 101, 106, 121, 138, 171, 176, 181–87, 189, 191–95, 251
Cercle et Carré (journal), 182, 183
Cercle Paris-Amérique Latine, 75, 240
Cézanne, Paul, 18, 20–21, 25, 26, 43, 48, 62, 65, 107, 260n29, 260n47
Bathers, 53
Chagall, Marc, 36, 98, 116, 124, 208, 255
Char, René, 235
Charensol, Georges, 99, 129, 189, 206
Chávez, Carolina de, 269n3
Chevalier, Michel, 258n17
Chez Gismondi (café), 38
Chile, 5, 42–43, 261n51
Cid, Elena, 172
Círculo de Bellas Artes, Venezuela, 79
Clifford, James, 5
Clouzot, Henri, 61, 73–74
Cochet, Gustavo, 106, 172
Cocteau, Jean, 20, 124, 210
Codex Borbonicus, 24
Cogniat, Raymond, 59, 63, 67–68, 70–71, 74, 76, 79–82, 85, 90, 92, 95, 97, 101, 109–10, 120, 129, 146–47, 161, 172, 189, 206, 266n51
“Les peintres de l’Amérique latine,” 149–50, 149
Colarossi, Filippo, 44, 45
collage, 195, 197–200, 212–14, 233–34
Collin, Raphael, 44
colonialism: and artistic influence, 6
France and, 1–4, 7, 258n21, 258n22
Latin America and, 6–7
Colquhoun, Ithell, 234
Colson, Jaime, 4, 76–77, 106, 151, 183–85, 187, 208, 218, 249, 251–52, 252, 256, 274n30
Homage to Juan Gris, 184, 185
Metaphysical Figures, 184–85, 186
Colucci, Guido “Gio,” 271n69
Columbus, Christopher, 41
Comité France-Amérique, 33
Communist Party, 168, 170, 196, 215
Comoedia (journal), 95–96, 105
constructive universalism, 176, 183, 185
constructivism, 4, 101–2, 138, 181–84, 191
contracts, artists’, 17, 18, 20, 22, 105
Coons, Lorraine, 34
Corneau, Eugène, 21
Correio da manhā (journal), 240
Cortés, Ana, 172
Cossío del Pomar, Felipe, 76, 80
Descendants of the Incas, 80, 80
costumbrismo, 115
Courbet, Gustave, 26, 111
Courtois, Gustave, 44
Creation (journal), 95
Creeft, José de, Vallejo, 167
Crespo, Rafael, 195
criticism, prominent themes of: Abela’s work and, 116–20
cubism, 63–64
derivative/academic character of Latin American art, 43, 47, 59, 68, 71–74, 81, 95
dilution of French art, 7, 60, 95, 98, 100
Figari’s work and, 108–12, 146
native/primitive content and Latin American identity, 7, 9, 59, 63–64, 66–68, 72–74, 76–78, 94, 96, 107, 110–21, 125, 132–33, 141–42, 146–53, 167, 188–89, 240–41, 250–56. See also exoticism; primitivism; the press
Crombie, John, 44, 45
Crussol, marquise de, 75
crystal/classical cubism, 17
Cuba, 41, 61, 116–20, 141, 143–44, 147, 244, 248–49, 252
cubism: crystal/classical, 17
decline of, 32
as foundation of modern art, 155
Latin American practice of, 4, 11–31, 54–55, 63–64
Lhote and, 18–20, 47, 50, 52–55
and portraiture, 18–20
rejection of, 20–27
Rosenberg and, 11–20, 31, 154
synthetic, 17, 19, 141
Cueto, Germán, 4, 106, 134, 183, 187, 191
Capital 8a Construction, 191, 192
Mask, 183, 184
metal mask, 185, 187
Sculpture, 183, 184
cultural hybridity, 8
cultural misunderstanding, 1–4
Cuneo, José, 116, 240, 241, 269n61
Curatella Manes, Pablo, 40, 57, 69, 90–91, 96, 101, 189, 191, 237, 238, 261n35, 262n77, 265n4, 271n2
Group of Acrobats, 101, 102
Lancelot of the Lake and Queen Guinevere, 90, 91
Woman in a Heavy Overcoat, 70–71, 71
Dalí, Salvador, 181–82, 196, 212, 230, 231, 234
Bather series, 206
The Great Masturbator, 181, 182
Daura, Pierre, 174, 273n3, 274n23
Still Life, 174, 174
David, Jacques-Louis, 48
De Chirico, Giorgio, 154, 163, 168, 185, 196, 201, 211, 213, 276n17
the decorative, 123, 131, 134, 136, 138, 143, 144
Defense of Intellectuals Menaced by Nazis, 235
Degas, Edgar, 107
De Gaulle, Charles, 78
Delacroix, Henri, 107
Delange, René, 26
De las Casas, Carmen, 49
Delaunay, Robert, 50, 124, 158
Delaunay, Sonia, 134
Denis, Maurice, 57, 111
Derain, André, 13, 100, 116, 157, 253
Despiau, Charles, 60
De Stijl, 180
Deux Magots (café), 234
Diaghilev, Sergei, 210
Dias, Cícero, 240–43, 251
Life, 242, 243
Untitled, 241, 242
Diffusion Française (radio station), 240
Divoire, Fernand, 4
Documents (journal), 169–70, 206
Domínguez, Lorenzo, 262n77
Domínguez, Oscar, 218, 226, 231, 235, 251
Domínguez Neira, Pedro, 50
Douairière D’Uzès, Duchesse, 75
Doucet, Jacques, 126
Doumer, Paul, 82–83
Duchamp, Marcel, 218, 231
Duchartre, P.-L., 111
Dufy, Raoul, 100, 116
Dunoyer de Segonzac, André, 57
Dupuis, Gilbert, 44
Dupuy, Pierre, 75
Echos des industries d’art (journal), 207
L’École de Paris au Brésil (exhibition), 262n90
École des Arts Appliqués, 251
École des Beaux-Arts. See École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts
École du Louvre, 138
École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts, 41–44, 92, 138
Éditions de L’Effort Moderne, 155
Édouard-Joseph, René, 259n6
Egas, Camilo, 61, 62, 66, 67, 112–15
Head of an Indian (1922), 67, 68
Head of an Indian (1924), 67, 69
The Indian Race, 113, 113, 268n50
Eguiluz, Augusto, 261n51
Eiffel Tower, 2–3
Éluard, Paul, 197, 212, 218, 231, 242, 254
Emar, Juan (or Jean) [pseudonym of Álvaro Yáñez Bianchi], 42, 261n50
employment, outside art, 40
Engel-Rozier, Ernest, 174
Enríquez, Carlos, 7, 39, 39, 168
Caricature, 39
L’ère nouvelle (newspaper), 105
Ernst, Max, 36, 154, 213, 218, 231, 235, 254, 276n11
La femme 100 têtes, 212
Oedipus Rex, 214, 215
Sleepwalking Elevator I, 198, 198
Escola Nacional de Belas Artes, Brazil, 79
Escuela de Bellas Artes, Chile, 42, 43
L’excelsior (newspaper), 105
exhibition reviews, 105
the exotic, 7, 259n29
exoticism, 7, 47, 58, 67, 81, 84, 94, 97, 101, 110, 111, 116, 117, 126, 136, 141–42. See also primitivism
Exposición internacional del surrealismo (exhibition), 200, 212, 221, 230
Exposition d’art Américain-Latin (exhibition), 59–74, 61, 100, 148, 154, 249, 257
Exposition d’art Argentin (exhibition), 38, 261n35
Exposition de livres manuscrits par Guido (exhibition), 144, 271n69
Exposition des “Maîtres du Cubisme” (exhibition), 22
Exposition internationale des arts décoratifs et industriels modernes (exhibition), 10, 90, 92, 134
Exposition internationale des arts et techniques dans la vie moderne (exhibition), 238–40, 238, 279n9
Exposition internationale du surréalisme (exhibition), 218, 231
Exposition rétrospective: Hommage au génial artiste Franco-Péruvien Gauguin (exhibition), 76, 77
exquisite corpse, 235
Exter, Alexandra, 138, 140–41, 182, 183, 270n56
costume design for La dama Duente, 140, 141
eye, vision, and gaze, 199–200
Fabrés, Oscar, 37
La Rotonde, 37, 38
Fage, André, 101, 105, 112
Favela, Ramón, 13
Favory, André, 21
Fédération Sportive Féminine Internationale, 87
Female Figure, Egypt, 157, 157
Fénéon, Félix, 26
Fierens, Paul, 101, 112
Figari, Pedro, 33, 36, 49, 62, 66–67, 98, 106–12, 120–21, 146, 150, 151, 187, 189, 237, 240, 268n25
Arte, estética, ideal (book), 107
Assassination of Quiroga, 66–67, 66
Candombe, 108–9, 109
caricature of, 147
Creole Woman, 99
Pericón beneath the Orange Trees, 107, 108
photograph of, 36
Fioravanti, José, 167, 238
The Homeland, 168
Fischer, Adam, 20, 21, 22
Fischer, Ellen, 20
Fleurquin, Federico, 111
Flores, Timoleon, 61
Fonseca, Gaston de, 265n4
Forner, Raquel, 4, 187, 196, 216–17, 218, 238, 261n35, 263n91
The Omen, 216–17, 216
Fossa Calderón, Julio, 44, 80
The White Dress, 81, 81
Foujita, Tsuguharu, 13, 36, 37, 97, 98, 100, 168
Fournier, Gabriel, 21
France-Amérique (journal), 271n3
Francés, Esteban, 234
French-Brazilian Coffee Company, 240
Freud, Sigmund, 143, 205
Frías, José, 64, 65, 70–72, 74, 94, 95
Friesz, Othon, 36, 46, 270n56
Fry, Varian, 235
futurism, 24, 180
Galanis, Demetrios, 48
Galerie A.-G. Fabre, 106, 121, 155, 171
Galerie André, 85, 130–31
Galerie Bernheim-Jeune, 9, 23, 25, 26, 106, 151, 206, 249–54
Galerie Blot, 21–22
Galerie Carmine, 112–16, 121, 172–73
Galerie Carrefour, 245
Galerie Castelucho-Diana, 121, 188
Galerie d’Art du Montparnasse, 121
Galerie de la Renaissance, 122, 134, 134
Galerie de L’Effort Moderne. See Haute Époque (later Galerie de L’Effort Moderne)
Galerie de Quatre-Chemins, 106, 218
Galerie des Beaux-Arts, 218, 231
Galerie des Éditions Bonaparte, 121
Galerie des Indépendants, 13
Galerie Druet, 106, 107, 110, 112, 121
Galerie Durand-Ruel, 84, 106, 107, 239
Gálerie Goemans, 196
Galerie Jean Charpentier, 121, 189
Galerie Jeanne Bucher, 121, 189
Galerie Jeanne Castel, 240, 241
Galerie Marck, 121, 174, 175
Galerie Myrbor, 144
Galerie Percier, 9, 106, 121, 123–24, 158, 189, 200, 249, 269n5
Galerie Pierre, 9, 121, 189, 196, 254–56, 280n59
Galerie Pierre Colle, 223
Galerie Renou et Colle, 106
Galerie Rive Gauche, 240–41
Galerie Surréaliste, 196
Galerie 23, 106, 121, 183, 183
Galerie Van den Berg, 219
Galerie Vavin-Raspail, 121
Galerie Vildrac, 121, 160
Galerie Zak, 9, 10, 116, 119–21, 137–38, 143, 187, 191, 240
Galerie Zborowski, 121, 160
Galitzine, Irene, 75
galleries: and the avant-garde, 105, 124
contracts of, 17, 18, 20, 22, 105
Figari’s experience in, 106–12
growth of, 105
importance of, 104
Latin American art in, 9, 104–21
on the Left Bank, 112–21
patronage of, 105
the press in relation to, 105
on the Right Bank, 105–12, 121
types of art shown in, 105
Garavito, Humberto, 112, 115
Untitled (Indigenous Figures and Parrot), 115, 115
García Calderón, Ventura, 114, 145
Gary, Juan de, Exposition Torrès Garcia, 121
Gattorno, Antonio, 41
The Artist and His Models, 41, 41
Gauguin, Paul, 76, 77, 120, 219, 251
Gauthier, Maximilien, 249, 253
Gavazzo Buchardo, Juan Manuel, 261n35
The Bridge, Meudon, France, 57
gaze. See eye, vision, and gaze
Gazmuri, Hernán, 262n76
Gee, Malcolm, 123
Geis, Terri, 221
gender, 76, 87, 89, 126, 129, 143. See also women and women artists
Géo-Charles (pseudonym for Charles Guyot), 92, 99, 153
George, Waldemar, 79, 90, 100, 110, 111, 167, 171, 189, 207, 250–53, 267n81, 274n40
Giacometti, Alberto, 36
Gil-blas (newspaper), 105
Gilles de Tourette (critic), 239
Gleizes, Albert, 26, 57, 60, 100, 154
Gomide, Antonio, 40
González, Eva, 269n3
González, Julio, 134
Goya, Francisco, 120
Grande exposition d’art moderne, L’École de Paris (exhibition), 99–100, 153
grants, for study in Europe, 40–43
Grau, Ricardo, 116, 262n76
Great Depression, 5, 195, 237–38
El Greco, 18, 50
Greenberg, Clement, 190
Gris, Juan, 13, 17, 22, 23, 29, 98, 100, 134, 152, 154, 155, 187
Gromaire, Marcel, 100, 111, 249
Gropius, Walter, 182
Gros, G. J., 142, 206
Groupe Latino-Américain, 187, 195, 251
Groupement des Universités et Grandes Écoles de France pour les Rapports avec l’Amérique Latine (Consortium of French Universities and Institutions of Higher Learning for Relations with Latin America), 33, 145
Grupo de París, 38, 49, 50, 54, 238, 263n91
Grupo Montparnasse, 42
Guadalupe Posada, José, 229
Guatemala, 115
Guétin, P., 175
Guevara, Laureano, 261n51
Guido, Alfredo, 72–73
Guillaume, Mme Paul, 242
Guillot Muñoz, Gervasio, 110–11
Güiraldes, Manuel, 112, 237
Guttero, Alfredo, 261n35
Guyot, Charles. See Géo-Charles
Harcourt, Raoul D’, 61
Hautecoeur, Louis, 92
Haute Époque (later Galerie de L’Effort Moderne), 11, 16–18, 22, 22, 26–27, 47, 106, 121, 161, 208
Hayter, Stanley William, 218
Hegel, G.W.F., 149
Hélion, Jean, 174, 182, 192
Henry, Georges, 243–44
Henry, Maurice, 237
Hepworth, Barbara, 193
Herbin, Auguste, 23, 100, 156, 192
Hernández Giro, Juan Emilio, 265n4
Hérold, Martine, 44
hieroglyphics and pictographs, 2, 157, 175, 180–81, 191, 274n17, 280n38. See also sign systems
Hispania (journal), 33
history paintings, 41
El hogar (journal), 90
Hourticq, Louis, 61
House of Drécoll, 40
Houston, Elsie, 201
Hugnet, Georges, 231
Huidobro, Vicente, 95, 169
Huit artistes du Rio de la Plata (exhibition), 188–89
Humeres, Roberto, 261n51
Husson, Paul, 153
immigration policy, 33
impressionism, 48, 57, 67, 107, 182
indigenism and indigeneity, 78, 93, 113–15, 197. See also criticism, prominent themes of: native/primitive content and Latin American identity; primitivism
influence, in Latin American–European artistic encounters, 6–8
Ingres, Jean-Auguste-Dominique, 20, 48, 50, 251
Ingret, Édouard, 61
Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes, Venezuela, 79
L’intransigeant (newspaper), 43, 79, 105
Ivanoff, Jeannette. See soccer and other sports
Izquierdo, María, 122, 196, 219–22
Consolation, 219–20, 220
Slaves in a Mythical Landscape, 219–20, 221
Jacob, Max, 210
Janis, Sidney, 171
Jardin des Plantes, Paris, 3
Jeu de Paume, 38, 92, 99, 238, 261n35, 267n72
Jiménez, Max, 69, 71–72, 74, 106, 249–51
Anita, 249–50, 250
Intersection, 71–72, 72
Journal des débats, 63–64
Journal du peuple, 208
journals. See the press
Julian, Rodolphe, 44
Julien Levy Gallery, New York, 222
Kahlo, Frida, 8, 122, 196, 222–26
The Frame, 226, 226
My Nurse and I, 224–25, 224
What the Water Gave Me, 225–26, 225
Kahn, Gustave, 76, 167
Kahnweiler, Daniel-Henry, 13, 27
Kandinsky, Vassily, 36, 64, 116, 181, 182, 183, 193, 226
Rows of Signs, 180
Kiki de Montparnasse, 37
Kisling, Moïse, 13, 36, 168
Klee, Paul, 64, 181
Kompaniet, Nordiska, 238
Kon, Jadwiga, 116
Kupka, Frantisek, 193
La Coupole (dance hall), 116, 261n29
La Fresnay, Roger de, 57
Lagos, Alberto, 69, 238, 261n35
Lam, Wifredo, 4, 8, 121, 196, 235–36, 254–56, 279n129, 280n59
cover of André Breton, Fata Morgana, 236
Self-Portrait, 254–55, 255
Woman with Long Hair I, 255, 256
La Maîtrise at the Galeries Lafayette, 40
Landowski, Paul, 44
Laprade, Jacques de, 218, 238–39
Larbaud, Valery, 124
La Renaissance (gallery). See Galerie de la Renaissance
Laroche, Fernand, 107
La Rotonde (café), 37–38, 37, 38, 116
Latin American art and artists: colonial background of, 150
conservative character of, 41–43, 48, 57
and cubism, 4, 11–31, 54–55, 63–64
historiography of, 8–9
identity of, 5–6, 9, 56, 59, 64, 68, 83, 110, 125, 146–48, 152, 188, 208–10, 240–41, 250–54, 257, 258n17
influence and power relations in, 6–8
Lhote’s influence on, 49–55
and modernism, 4, 6, 7–8, 47
and Paris, 4–6, 8–10, 32–33, 40, 56–78, 102, 114–15, 256–57
survey exhibitions of, 9, 259n34
Laurencin, Marie, 270n56
Laurens, Henri, 13, 17, 23
Laurens, Jean-Paul, 42
Laurens, Jean-Pierre, 44
Laurens, Paul Albert, 44, 57, 60
Lazo, Agustín, 4, 35, 39, 150, 187, 196, 208, 210–12, 218
The Eternal Farewell, 211–12, 212
The Ice of Death, 212, 213
postcard sent by, 39
Leal, Fernando, 151
Le Corbusier, 123, 154, 183, 230, 231, 249, 255
Le Dôme (café), 38–39, 38, 39, 116, 182, 251
Le Fauconnier, Henri, 100
Lefebvre, Henri, 212
Left Bank, galleries on, 112–21
Léger, Fernand, 6, 13, 23, 36, 46, 100, 124, 126, 129, 130, 140, 152, 154–58, 183, 184, 186, 200, 208, 244, 245, 254, 262n76, 270n56, 276n16
costumes for La création du monde, 276n16
Steam Boat, 129, 129
Woman with a Book, 157, 157
Legion of Honor, 80, 82, 92, 240, 265n4
Legrain, Pierre-Émile, 126, 128
Leguía, Augusto B., 78
Leguizamón Pondal, Gonzalo, 238
Lem, F. H., 249
Lema, Marcial, 261n51
Lemoine, Jean-Gabriel, 16, 73
Léon, Pedro, 49
Léon-Martin, Louis, 175
Lepape, Georges, 60
Lesbats, Roger, 249
Lesca, Charles, 107, 145
Lhote, André, 13, 18–23, 26, 27, 46–55, 90–91, 100, 107, 112, 124, 158, 244, 249, 260n29, 262n83, 262n90, 263n99
Seated Nude in Landscape, 52, 53
Soccer, 50, 50
Three Female Nudes, 50
Village by the Sea, 21, 21
Woman with Striped Apron, 19–20, 19
Libion, Victor, 37
Lipchitz, Jacques, 13, 17, 22, 23, 46, 134, 168, 244
Lira, Armando, 261n51
Lissim, Simon, 143
Loeb, Pierre, 254–55, 280n59
López, Rafael Alberto, 261n51
Lyre et Palette (gallery), 13
Mabille, Pierre, 235
Machado, Gerardo, 137, 144, 244
Macho, Victorio, 92
maderas (wood constructions), 178, 183, 273n14
Magritte, René, I do not see the … hidden in the forest, 200
Maillefert, E. Gomez, 151
Maison de l’Amérique Latine, 56–59, 74, 78, 85, 130, 131, 155
Malaussena, Luis, 279n9
Malfatti, Anita, 9, 84–87, 98, 122–23, 130–33, 144
Church Interior, 84–85, 85, 130
Dolly, 133, 133
Figure, 99
Interior (Monaco), 131, 132
Tropical, 57–58, 58, 85, 131
Woman from Para, 85, 86
Mañé, Pablo, 57, 189, 265n4
Manes, Germaine, 96
Man Ray, 167, 168, 196, 201, 231
film still from Emak bakia (Leave me alone), 201, 203–4, 204
Manuel de Rosas, Juan, 66
Manuel García, Victor, Tropical Gypsy, 245, 245
Mar, Yves, 114
Mariátegui, José Carlos, 77, 166–67, 196
Maribona, Armando, 35, 36, 44–45, 68, 95, 105
caricature of Pedro Figari, 147
exhibition of work by, 75
Marinetti, Filippo Tommaso, 27
Martínez de Hoz, Marcelo, Argentina pavilion at Exposition internationale des arts et techniques dans la vie moderne, 238, 238
Martín Fierro (magazine), 110
Martins de Souza Dantas, Luis, 61, 75, 78, 158, 241
Marxism, 167, 168, 245
Masson, André, 100, 154, 168, 218, 231, 235
Mathey, Jacques, 57
Mathur, Saloni, 7
Matisse, Henri, 13, 26, 36, 85–86, 100, 123, 130, 131, 144, 157, 254
Decorative Figure on an Ornamental Background, 86
Pianist and Checker Players, 131, 132
Matos, Antonia, 269n3
Matta, Anne, 233
Matta Echaurren, Roberto Sebastián, 4, 8, 196, 226, 230–35, 278nn108–9
Morphology of Desire, 234, 235
Project for an Apartment, 231–33, 233
Scenario No. 1: Sun’s Suction Panic, 231, 232
Mazilier, Carmen, 81
Gaucho on the Pampa, 81, 81
Mercer, Kobena, 5, 6
Mérida, Carlos, 150, 187
Metzinger, Jean, 13, 23, 26, 154, 156
Mexican muralism, 25, 150–51, 249
Mexico, 5, 150–51, 219, 222–24, 227–30, 277n82, 279n9
Mexique (exhibition), 223, 226–27
Michaux, Henri, 169
Michelangelo, Creation of Adam, 205
Michelena, Barnabé, 116, 269n61
Milbauer, Joseph J., Torrès-Garcia expose du 16 au 30 juin quelques peintures, 172, 173
Milliat, Alice, 87
Milliet, Sérgio, 4
Minotaure (journal), 222, 226, 227, 228–31, 229, 234
Miomandre, Francis de, 141–42, 271n2, 272n29
“On demande de la peinture de sauvages” (We demand paintings of savages), 151–52, 152
Miró, Joan, 36, 50, 154, 196, 201, 204, 206, 218, 226, 231, 276n34
Person Throwing a Stone at a Bird, 204–6, 205, 276nn31–32
models, artists’ study from, 44–45, 48–49
modernism: Amaral and, 128–29, 144
the decorative as expression of, 123, 136, 144
developmental model of, 149
indigeneity and, 93
Latin American art and, 4, 6, 7–8, 47
Lhote and, 50
Malfatti and, 130, 133, 144
Peláez and, 144
Rosenberg’s promotion of, 154
School of Paris and, 98
Torres García and, 190–91
Velásquez Cueto and, 144
Modigliani, Amedeo, 13, 32, 116
Modotti, Tina, 151
Indian Childhood, 169
Moholy-Nagy, László, 182
Molé (critic), 131–32
Mondrian, Piet, 154, 176, 181, 182, 193
Composition with Red, Blue, and Yellow, 177, 183
photograph of, 176
Monet, Claude, 107, 111
Mongay-Munoz, Dina, 44
Monsasterios, Rafael, 279n9
Monsegur, Raúl, 107
Montaner, Rita, 116
Montenegro, Roberto, 151
Montparnasse, 32–55
Académie André Lhote in, 47–55
académies libres in, 43–47
cafés in, 37–40
as cultural center, 36
freedom associated with, 36–37
grants for Latin Americans’ study in, 40–43
in Great Depression, 238
nationalities in, 37–40
studios in, 35–36
Montparnasse (magazine), 92, 99, 145, 153, 262n90
Morera, Alberto, 263n91
Mori, Camilo, 42, 261n51
Still Life, 43, 43
Moro, César (pseudonym of Alfredo Quízpez Asín), 4, 76–77, 151–52, 184, 196, 197–200, 212, 219, 230, 237, 251, 272n29, 275nn5–7
The “Cholos,” 152
Head, 199–200, 199
Señora, Give It to Me! 152, 153
Untitled, 198, 198
Morris, George L. K., 171
Mosquera, Gerardo, 6, 8
Moussinac, Léon, 248
Mugnaini, Túlio, 42
Mundial (newspaper), 77
Muray, Nickolas, 222
Murillo, Bartolomé Esteban, 253
Murillo, Gerardo (pseudonym: Dr. Atl), 151
Musée d’Art Modern de la Ville de Paris, 238
Musée de l’Homme, 238
Musée des Arts Décoratifs, 181
Musée d’Ethnographie du Trocadéro, 181
Musée du Luxembourg, 99, 267n72
Musée Galliera, 9, 16, 59, 61, 98, 113, 249, 257
Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Argentina, 43
Napoleon III, 214
Narváez, Francisco, 35, 262n77
nationalism and national identity: exhibition principles grounded in, 60, 95–96
in French art, 42, 98–100, 250
in Latin American art, 6, 40, 250–54
in Latin American historiography, 8. See also xenophobia
Native Americans, 112–14
nativism. See criticism, prominent themes of: native/primitive content and Latin American identity; indigenism and indigeneity; primitivism
Negri, Nina, 4, 102, 106, 122, 217–18, 231, 262n76
The Glassblowers, 218, 218
The View, 217, 217–18
negrophilia, 109–10, 117
neoplasticism, 176–78, 181, 183, 186
Nery, Ismael, 4, 196, 208–10, 218
Self-Portrait, 208–9, 209
Surrealist Composition, 210, 210
newspapers. See the press
New York Herald (newspaper), 99
Nicaragua, 61
Nicholson, Ben, 193
Nigeria, 141
Nochlin, Linda, 122
Nosotros (journal), 169–70
Noziére, Violette, 197
ocean liners, 33–35, 33, 34
O jornal (newspaper), 201
Olazabal, Alejandro de, 56–57
Olazo, Francisco, 77–78
Oles, James, 210
Olympic Games (1924), 50, 87
Onslow Ford, Gordon, 230, 233–34
Orientalism, 111
originality, 67–68, 93, 111
Origines et développement de la peinture internationale contemporaine (exhibition), 238
Orléans-Bragance, Princesse d’, 61
Orozco, José Clemente, 106, 146, 151, 187, 249
Franciscan and the Indian, 150
Ortega (critic), 134
Ortego, Febronio, 211
Ortiz de Zárate, Julio, 42
Ortiz de Zárate, Manuel, 4, 11, 13, 16–18, 23, 26, 62, 65, 74, 83, 106, 151, 153, 154, 237, 259n6, 261n51
Nude, 23, 23
Portrait of Picasso, 12, 13, 259n11
Still Life with Guitar, 65–66, 65
Still Life with Tobacco Pot, 16–17, 16
Osorio, Pedro Luis, 56–57, 60–61, 74–75
Otero, Carlos, Fishermen on the Seine, 57, 57
Ozenfant, Amédée, 154, 182–84, 186, 245, 262n76, 270n56
Paalen, Wolfgang, 200, 212, 218, 226, 230, 254
Palais de Tokyo, 238
Panama, 61
Pan-Americanism, 258n17
Pantigoso, Manuel Domingo, 77–78
cover of exhibition catalogue for, 77
Paris: as center of twentieth-century art world, 4–6
as cultural crossroads, 5
foreign artists’ role in, 5, 38, 60, 79–80, 95–96, 98–100
Latin American art and artists in, 4–6, 8–10, 32–33, 40, 56–78, 102, 114–15, 256–57
Rego Monteiro’s satirically primitive views of, 1–4
Paris, Sud et Centre Amérique (journal), 33, 131
Paris-journal (newspaper), 105
Paris-midi (journal), 98–99, 105, 124
Pascin, Jules, 36, 117, 120
Cuban People, 117, 119, 119
Pawlowski, Gaston de, 130
La peinture au défi (exhibition), 196, 199–200
La peinture surréaliste (exhibition), 196
Peláez, Amelia, 4, 9, 116, 122–23, 137–44, 262n76
Boats in Mallorca, 143, 143
Composition with Glasses, 141, 142
Gundinga, 140–41, 140
The Hare, 138–39, 138
Still Life in Ochre, 139–40, 139
Pena, Antonio, 262n77
pensions, 40–43
Penteado, Olívia, 158
Péret, Benjamin, 197, 201, 235, 277n67
Perotti, José, 42, 262n77
Peru, 76–78, 166
Petit, Henriette, 262n77
Pettoruti, Emilio, 4, 27–31, 46, 54, 62, 74, 106, 153, 260n57, 261n35
The Blind Flutist, 28–29, 30
The Blue Grotto of Capri, 27–28, 29
Girl, 27, 28
Governess, 62–64, 63
Pevsner, Antoine, 183
Picabia, Francis, 50, 147, 150, 154, 167
Dispar, 165, 165
Picasso, Pablo, 11, 13, 17, 22, 23, 29, 32, 36, 50, 54, 100, 124, 126, 154, 155, 157, 167, 168, 178, 190, 226, 235, 242, 251, 254–56
Head of a Woman, 254, 255
pictographs. See hieroglyphics and pictographs
Pilar, Servando del, 57
Pillement, Georges, 271n2
Pedro Figari, 111–12, 111
Pissarro, Camille, 107, 111
Pissarro, Victor, 263n91
Pizano, Roberto, Self-Portrait, 44, 45
Plaza Ferrand, Marcial, 65
Pogolotti, Marcelo, 8, 55, 168, 237–38, 243–49
Cuban Landscape, 244, 244
Dawn, 247, 247, 249
Hieroglyph, 245, 246, 280n38
The Intellectual (or Young Intellectual), 247–48, 248
Silence, 245, 246, 247
Poleo, Héctor, 279n9
Pont de Passy, Paris, 2
Populaire de Paris organe central du Parti Socialiste (journal), 249
Popular Front, 249
portraiture, 18–20
Power, John Joseph Wardell, 154
Pratt, Mary Louise, 5
pre-Columbian art, 24, 61–64, 72, 74, 136, 149, 181, 223, 251, 256, 270n50, 278n92
Premiére exposition du Groupe Latino-Américain de Paris (exhibition), 10, 100, 116, 187–88, 188, 274n39
Première exposition internationale du Groupe Cercle et Carré du 18 Avril au 1ère Mai (exhibition), 183–87, 183, 187, 191
the press: Bulletin de l’effort moderne, 153–66
French art journals, 148–53
galleries in relation to, 105
importance of, 145
Latin American art in, 9–10, 145–70
Latin American critics in, 166–70
Revue de l’Amérique latine, 145–48
salon coverage in, 79. See also criticism, prominent themes of
Prete, Juan del, 4, 116, 121, 187, 189, 191, 238, 271n2
Abstraction, 193, 193, 195
Collage, 193, 194, 195
Figure, 192
Prevosti, Carlos, 262n76
Prieto, César, 279n9
primitivism: African art and, 254
Amaral and, 126–27, 129–30, 206–8, 270n21
Artaud on, 220–21
connotations of, 259n29
French/European conceptions of, 1–4, 7–8, 47, 67, 74, 95–97, 110, 112, 113–15, 117, 126, 128, 134, 136, 169, 208, 221, 242, 252–57, 270n23
Izquierdo and, 220–21
modernist European, 6
Torres García and, 189, 190, 274n40. See also exoticism; indigenism and indigeneity
psychological morphology, 233–34
purism, 27, 123, 126, 130, 154, 163, 178, 183, 184, 186, 206, 208
Puyó, Inés, 261n51
quarrel of the independents, 95
Quelques peintres de l’Amérique Latine (exhibition), 151
Quinquela Martin, Benito, 261n35
Quiroga, Juan Facundo, 66
Quízpez Asín, Alfredo. See Moro, César
Ramaugé, Roberto, 167
Ramírez, Mari Carmen, 275n4
Ramírez, Pablo, 42
Ratton, Charles, 223
Ravenet, Domingo, 34–35, 40
Raynal, Maurice, 17, 26, 43, 79, 90, 92, 129–30, 136, 154–56, 171, 186, 238, 263n99
realism, 248–49. See also social realism
Réalités-Nouvelles, 187
Refusés par le jury du Salon d’Automne 5 peintres (exhibition), 174–75, 174
Rego Monteiro, Vicente do, 8, 96–101, 106, 146, 150, 153, 155–58, 181, 187, 237, 249, 258n2, 262n90, 274n17
cover of Quelques visages de Paris (Some views of Paris), 1
The Hunt, 96–97, 96
Jardin des Plantes, 3, 4
Legendes, croyances et talismans des Indiens de l’Amazone, 155, 157
Mater Dolorosa, 156
Nude with Raised Arms, 156, 157
Pont de Passy, 2, 2
Quelques visages de Paris (Some views of Paris), 1–4, 97, 155
Symbolic Characters Compared, 180, 181
Three Nuns and Nativity, 155, 155
Tour Eiffel, 2, 3
Rembrandt van Rijn, 18
Renaissance de l’art français et des industries de luxe (journal), 10, 145, 148–50, 148, 149, 150, 271n13
Rendón Seminario, Manuel, 35, 40, 45, 65, 74, 100, 101–2, 106, 121, 146, 153, 159–65, 187, 196, 208, 218
Deep Sea Diver, 161, 161, 163
Four Figures, 165, 165
The Geography Map, 101, 103
Inca Warrior, 163–64, 164, 187
Manuel Rendón in His Studio on the Rue Notre-Dame des Champs in Paris, 35
Mourners, 163, 163
Rux 32, 162, 163
Two Figures and a Dog, 160–61, 160
René-Jean (critic), 115
Renoir, Pierre-Auguste, 26, 107, 111
Reverdy, Pierre, 20
Reverón, Armando, 279n9
Revista de avance (journal), 120
Revista de revistas (journal), 64
Révolution surréaliste (journal), 201, 203–5, 204, 212
Revue de France (journal), 79
Revue de l’Amérique latine (journal), 9, 33, 57, 59, 78, 79, 80, 82, 107, 145–48, 146
Revue du vrai et du beau (journal), 94
Revueltas, Fermín, 151
Revue moderne des arts et de la vie (journal), 93, 131
Right Bank, galleries on, 105–12, 121
Rimbaud, Arthur, 136, 168
Rivera, Diego, 4, 8, 11, 13, 17–26, 49, 151, 153, 154, 187, 222, 228–30, 248, 251
Communicating Vessels (Homage to André Breton), 223, 223
Corn Festival, 134
graphic design for frontispiece of “Souvenir de Mexique,” Minotaure, 228–29, 229
Landscape at Arcachon, 21, 21
Market Day, 150
Portrait of Jean Cocteau, 20, 20
Portrait of Madame Marguerite Lhote, 19–20, 19
Still Life with Vase of Flowers, 17, 18
Tour Eiffel, 13
Zapatista Landscape, 17, 17
Rivera, José E., 169
Rivera Affair, 21
Riverón, Enrique, La Rotonde, Montparnasse, 37, 37
Riverside Museum, New York, 259n34
Rodig, Laura, 261n51
Rodin, Auguste, 50
The Thinker, 204
Rodríguez, Félix Pita, 39, 39
Rodríguez Lozano, Manuel, letter from, 48
Romains, Jules, 124
Ronze, Raymond, 112
Rosenberg, Alexandre, 11
Rosenberg, Léonce, 9, 11–31, 47, 100, 105, 121, 124, 127, 153–66, 208, 272n35, 272n37
“Le cubisme et tradition,” 26
Rosenberg, Paul, 11, 13
Rousseau, Henri, 126
Scout Attacked by a Tiger, 134
Rowell, Margit, 181
Rozo, Rómulo, 44, 92–94, 95, 146, 172, 187, 262n77, 266n51
Bachué, 93–94, 94, 95
Door knocker, 92, 93
Russolo, Luigi, 186, 187
Russolophone, 186, 187
Sabogal, José, 197
Saco, Carmen, 75–77, 98, 172, 269n3
Manco Capac and Mama Oclla, 75–76
Project for a Fountain, 75
Repenting, 76, 76
Sage, Kay, 234
Salas, Tito, 265n4
Salazar, Toño, Caricature of Blaise Cendrars, 24
Salle de la Renaissance, 106
Salmon, André, 21–23, 79, 100, 107, 110–12, 122, 134, 136–37, 167, 241–42
Salon d’Automne, 79, 80, 83–94, 95, 104, 130, 131, 172, 174–75, 265n15, 265n18
Salon de France, 98–100
Salón de Junio, Chile, 42
Salon des Artistes Décorateurs, 39
Salon des Indépendants, 59–60, 79, 80, 94–97, 100–101, 104, 130–33, 144, 156, 218, 234, 265n15, 266n60
Salon des Refusés (1863), 174
Salon des Surindépendants, 100–102, 100, 191, 256
Salon des Tuileries, 79, 83, 90, 94, 95, 104, 144, 265n15, 265n18
Salon des Vrais Indépendants, 100–102, 100
Salón Nacional de Bellas Artes, Argentina, 79
salons: artistic hierarchy of, 41
criticisms of, 80
decline of, 104
Latin American artists in, 13, 79–103, 265n3, 266n60
Ortiz de Zárate and, 23
Salon d’Automne and Salon des Tuileries, 83–94
Salon des Indépendants, 95–97
Salon des Surindépendants and Salon des Vrais Indépendants, 100–102
School of Paris and Salon de France, 98–100
sites for, 79, 265n15
Société des Artistes Français and Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts, 80–83
Zárraga and, 26
Salón Witcomb (Montevideo, Uruguay), 110
Sarraut, Albert, 242, 251
Sawyer, Phil, 65, 71, 72
Say, Marcel, 153
School of Paris, 4, 5, 43, 98–100, 131, 153, 267n81
Schwitters, Kurt, 178, 183, 193
Sélig, Raymond, 173
semiotics, 190. See also sign systems
Seoane, Jorge, 77
Sérusier, Paul, 45
Seuphor, Michel, 171, 182, 185–87, 187
“La poétique nouvelle,” 185–86
Seurat, Georges, 48
Severini, Gino, 13, 23, 100, 156, 260n57
Woman with Green Plant, 62–63, 63
Sicre, Juan José, 262n77
sign systems, 180–81. See also hieroglyphics and pictographs; semiotics
Simon, Lucien, 57
simultaneous color printing, 218
Siqueiros, David Alfaro, 150, 151, 251
Sisley, Alfred, 107
soccer and other sports, 50, 87, 89–90
social realism, 125, 216, 245, 248–49
Société des Américanistes de Paris, 32
Société des Artistes Français, 79, 80–83
Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts, 79, 80–83, 93
Sorolla, Joaquín, 84
Souverbie, Jean, 251
SPAM: Primeira exposição de arte moderna, pintura, escultura, arquitetura (exhibition), 262n90, 267n77
Spilimbergo, Lino, 50, 53–54, 238, 261n35, 263n91
Nude, 54, 54
Study composition, 53, 53
sports. See soccer and other sports
Stella, Joseph, 182
stereotypes, cultural, 1–4, 109–10, 112, 114, 120, 129, 219
Storrs, John, 154
studios, 35–36
Supervielle, Jules, 66, 107, 108, 124, 271n2
suprematism, 180
surrealism: Amaral and, 200–208, 276n17, 276n19
architecture and, 230–33
attractions of, 196
Berni and, 212–16
Bravo and, 226–30
Colson and, 184
constructivism vs., 101–2
controversy over, 197
critique of bourgeois values by, 167, 196–97, 200, 208
Forner and, 216–17
Galerie Pierre and, 254
Izquierdo and, 219–22
juxtaposition as method of, 198, 203, 208–10, 212–14, 217, 221, 223–25
Kahlo and, 222–26
Lam and, 235–36, 254–56
Latin American artists and, 4, 10, 196–236, 275n4
Latin American critics and, 167–70
Lazo and, 210–12
Matta and, 230–35
Moro and, 197–200
Negri and, 217–18
Nery and, 208–10
Rosenberg and, 154, 163
Torres García’s opposition to, 181–82, 184
and World War II, 234–35, 279n128
Sweeney, Carole, 259n29, 270n23
Sweeney, James Johnson, 171
synthesis paintings, 173–74
synthetic cubism, 17, 19, 141
Tachard, Jeanne, 126, 158, 159
Taeuber-Arp, Sophie, 134, 182
Taller Torres García, 195
Tamayo, Rufino, 150, 251
Tanguy, Yves, 196, 218, 226, 231, 234
Tériade, E., 43, 171, 189, 191
Terry, José Antonio, 261n35
Théophile, Charles, 255
theosophy, 180
Thubert, Emmanuel de, 90
Tintoretto, 50
Tissus Rodier, 40
Tobón Mejia, Marco, 35, 42, 57, 81–82, 262n77, 265n4
Anguished Solitude: For the Monument to the Poet José Asunción Silva, 82, 83
Profile of the Andes, 68, 69
Toledo Piza, Domingos Viegas, 35, 65, 83, 98, 112, 116, 172
Still Life, 83
Torre, Macedonio de la, 167, 262n77
Torres García, Joaquín, 4, 8, 10, 36, 101–2, 106, 112, 116, 121, 138, 150, 153, 171–95, 208, 240, 251, 272n35
and Cercle et Carré, 181–87, 191–95
Color Structure, 176–77, 177
Construction with Curved Forms, 178, 178
Constructive Painting, 178, 179, 180
covers of exhibition catalogue for, 121, 172
development of signature style, 176–81
early Parisian exhibitions of, 171–76
and Latin American art, 187–89
New York Street Scene, 172, 172
Paris Landscape, 173–74, 173
photograph of, 176
Raison et nature: Théorie (book), 189, 190, 190
Street with House and White Cloud, 175, 175
studio of, 36
Symbols, 180, 181
theories of, 182, 185, 189–91
Universalismo constructivo (book), 191
Untitled, 175–76, 176
Trotsky, Leon, 222, 228–29
Tutundjian, Léon Arthur, 182
Tzara, Tristan, 254
Ubac, Raoul, 229
the uncanny, 101, 203, 208, 210, 212, 214, 217, 221, 225
United States, 61
Uriburu, José Félix, 214
Uruguay, 50, 111–12, 239–40
Utrillo, Maurice, 111, 116
Valenzuela Llanos, Alberto, 265n4
Vallejo, César, 83, 104, 166, 167–68, 170, 196
Valmier, Georges, 154
Van Doesburg, Theo, 154, 176, 180, 181–82, 192–93
Van Dongen, Kees, 98
Anatole France, 99
Van Rees, Otto, 182
Vantongerloo, Georges, 182, 192
Vargas, Elisa, 277n60
Vargas Rosas, Luis, 42, 106, 261n51
Varias, Alexander, 34
Vasconcelos, José, 22, 25
Vasconcelos, Ramón, 7, 32
Vásquez, Julio Antonio, 261n51
Vauxcelles, Louis, 21–22, 25–26, 90, 104, 107, 108–9, 111, 114, 116, 271n2
Velásquez Cueto, Lola, 9, 106, 122–23, 134–37, 144, 150, 187
Dancer, 136, 137
exhibition of work by, 134
Indian, 134, 135, 136
Patron Saint of Mexico, 136, 136
Velázquez, Diego, 18
Vélez, Eladio, 43, 45
Nude Figure and Head, 44, 46
Venezuela, 279n9
Vérité, Pierre, 245
vibracionismo, 172
La vie latine (journal), 271n3
Villa Lobos, Heitor, 201
Villanueva, Carlos Raúl, 279n9
Villanueva, Léonor, 269n3
Viollier, Jean, Fetish, 161, 161
viscosity printing, 218
vision. See eye, vision, and gaze
Vitullo, Sesostris, 262n77
Vlaminck, Maurice de, 100, 116
Vogue (magazine), 40
Vollard, Ambroise, 124
Vuillard, Édouard, 45
Wantz, Marcel, 182
Warnod, André, 4, 36–38, 48, 92, 98, 107, 110–12, 132–33, 259n6
Wolfe, Edith, 97
women and women artists: Amaral, 123–30
as art students, 46, 122–44
in the avant-garde, 122, 124
the decorative associated with, 123, 131
Malfatti, 130–33
in Paris, 36, 122–44, 269n3
in sports, 87
stereotypes of, 129
Velásquez Cueto, 134–37
Women’s World Games, 87
World’s Fair (New York, 1939), 259n34
World War II, 234–35, 242, 256, 279n128
Worms, Gastão, 262n77
xenophobia, 5, 40, 80, 95, 99, 100, 147, 195, 237
Xul Solar, Alejandro, 62, 64–65; Ña diáfana, 64, 65
Ycaza Gómez, Miguel de, 35
Zak, Eugène, 116
Zamora, Adolfo, 120
Zapata, Emiliano, 229
Zárraga, Angel, 4, 11, 13–16, 18, 22–27, 87, 98, 106, 150, 151, 153, 154, 237, 249, 256, 260n47, 265n4, 266n34, 271n2, 271n13
Coffee Jar, 13–14, 15
Illustrations for Blaise Cendrars, Profond aujourd’hui, 24, 25
Martyrdom of Saint Sebastian, 89–90, 89
Soccer Players, 87, 88
Still Life with Fruit and Necklace, 24–25, 25
Still Life with Lemons and Tapioca, 13, 14
Three Soccer Players, 89, 89, 90
Zorrilla de San Martín, José Luis, 57, 81–82, 262n77
Gaucho, 81–82, 82
Zuno, José G., 151