Joan of Arc (Jeanne d'Arc)

~The two concluding chapters turn their attention to the avant-garde, to look at painters – Degas and Monet, Seurat and Cézanne, Signac and Denis – who might be expected to dominate a book on French painting between 1880 and 1900. After all, such artists paved the way for important innovations in the early twentieth century. They are major figures...

Alfred-Philippe Roll first showed The Strike of the Miners at the Paris Salon of 1880 (fig. 58). Having won a first-class medal three years before, he was allowed to hang his large canvas outside the competition in the main entrance hall, where it garnered widespread attention from critics and the public alike.See Gabriel P. Weisberg, Beyond Impressionism: The Naturalist Impulse (New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1992), 97–99; Olivier Le Bihan et al., Alfred Roll, 1846–1919: Le Naturalisme en question, exh. cat. (Paris: Somogy, 2007); and Camille Baillargeon, “1880: Des mineurs en grève au Salon ou de l’influence de la peinture sur les acquis sociaux,” Analyse de l’IHOES [Institut d’Histoire Ouvrière, Économique et Sociale] 29 (31 November 2007), accessed 20 August 2014,...