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Description: Industrial Madness: Commercial Photography in Paris, 1848–1871
Index
PublisherYale University Press
https://doi.org/10.37862/aaeportal.00182.017
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Index
Académie des Beaux-Arts, defense of art training, 237–39
Academies, 97, 149, 152–54, 161, 167–75, 393n69
Adam-Salomon, Antoine Samuel, 4, 36, 68–69, 73, 379n74
Adorno, Theodor, 409n140, n142
Advertisements: types of, 76
agencies for, 76
photographs used as, 94, 383n151
for photographic studios, 98, 380n94
prices for, 381n113
Aguado, Comte Olympe, 4, 6, 42, 80, 87, 113, 375n83, 410n7
Aguado, Vicomte Onésipe, 4, 6, 271
Albert, Prince Consort, 236, 256, 310–12
Albumen print, 3, 313
Alinari brothers, 265, 273, 276
Allain, Prosper Denis, 44, 58, 60, 99, 101
Alophe [A. Menut], 13, 15, 36, 68, 73, 85, 88, 107, 142, 310, 372–73n40, 389n94, n95
Amblard (photographer), 57
Andrieux (photographer), 74, 384n156, n158
Appert, Ernest, 187, 222, 305
Aqueducts, photographs of, 215–17
Arago, Etienne, 109, 241
Arago, Francois, 14, 17, 77, 153, 225, 241, 298
Archeological photographs, 97, 307
Archer, Frederick Scott, 2, 13
Architecture and photography, 97, 309–10, 411n23
Arnaud, Camille d’, 40, 114, 386n34
Amaude, Jules, 73
Arosa (photolithographer), 287
Art and photography, 270. See also Engravings
Art history, role of photographs in formation of, 276–77, 405n47
Art unions and photography, 275
Artisans, social status, 372n34
L’Artiste: coverage of photography in, 14, 17, 29, 77
court case against, 31–32, 79–80, 84, 114, 119, 123, 272, 281, 381n112
Artists: social status, 13–14, 370n10, 370–71n9
distinguished from artisans, 29
use of the title, 30
who became photographers, 36
use of photographic reproductions, 277–79, 281, 289–92
petition against photography, 373–74n57
Artois, d’ (photographer), 86, 382n127
Arundel Society, and photography, 275–76
Asile imperial de Vincennes, 307, 410n16
Aubert (photographer), 98, 383n153
Aubert, Francis, 29, 372n39
Aubry, Charles, 4, 7, 36, 57, 89, 234–35, 241–64, 400n60, n64, 402n91
Aucler, Louis, 36, 375n102
Auge, Louis Joseph [Honoré Jules?], 160, 391n38, 392n44
Augier, Emile, 123, 166
Autier (photographer), 74
Baldus, Edouard, 4, 8, 35, 36, 40, 42, 72, 97, 98, 100, 196, 199–203, 206, 211, 220, 271, 289, 305, 306, 309, 310, 395n12, 396n37, 407n92
Balzac, Honoré de, 17, 106
Bankruptcies: reports, 35
photographic, 99–100
Banville, Theodore de, 106, 111
Barenne, Charles Amédée, 305
Bargue, Charles, 259
Bataille, Charles, 82, 109, 119
Baudelaire, Charles, 1, 8, 94, 106, 109, 123, 129, 135, 161, 185, 230, 232, 297, 299, 313, 388n85
Baudry, Paul, 163, 282
Bayard, Hippolyte, 4, 14, 35, 40, 42, 78, 79, 86, 87, 265–70, 375n84, 380n93, 381n102, 402–3n5, 410n20
Beard, Richard, 197
Beaumont, Adalbert de, 240, 256
Belloc, Jean Hilaire, 237
Belloc, Joseph Auguste, 13, 42, 156, 160, 178, 391n38
Bénard [Bénaron], Maxime, 36
Benjamin, Walter, 299, 409n141, n142
Berenger, Marquis de, 87, 299, 382n139
Bergeret, Jules, 145
Berlioz, Hector, 123, 152
Bernard (photographer), 161, 392n49
Bernhardt, Sarah, 129, 146
Bertall [Charles Albert d’Arnoux], 4, 35, 36, 85, 100, 106, 107
Berthaud, Michel, 43, 375n96, 383n141
Bertrand, Alexandre, 124, 156, 158, 391n38
Bertsch, A., 42, 87, 98, 115, 382n139
Betbéder [Pierre Alexis Marcellin], 15, 33
Bibliothèque nationale, acquisition of photos, 148, 276
Billet, Henry, 121
Billon. See Cordier, Alfred
Bilordeaux, Charles Adolphe, 42, 387n71, 391n38
Bingham, Robert, 6, 85, 87, 266, 271, 274, 279, 282–84, 290, 295, 296, 299, 379n65, 399n46, 406n67
Bisson (jeune), Auguste Rosalie, 35, 37, 94, 287, 376n8, 378n52, 394n89
Bisson, Louis Auguste, 37, 48, 74, 86, 375n102, 376n8, 403n6
Bisson (père), Louis Francois, 15, 382n127
Bisson frères, 8, 35, 42, 57–60, 79, 82, 97, 99, 100, 114, 119, 142, 193, 196, 197, 203, 271, 272, 276, 289, 290, 305–13, 376n8, 378n51, 379n65, 383n153, 384n156, n157, 387n71, 396n37, 399n46
Blake-Horridge (photographer), 73
Blanc, Charles, 260, 272, 276, 281, 297–98, 299, 306, 408n131
Blanc, Germain, 35, 36
Blanc, Louis, 226, 227, 297
Blanchère, Henri de la, 15, 42, 73, 91, 240, 384n156
Blanquart-Evrard, Louis, 2, 4, 6, 12, 269–72, 379n65
Blossfeldt, Karl, 264
Bodson (photographer), 72
Boeringer, Georges, 86, 289, 382n134, n139
Bohemianism, 106, 109, 115, 123–25, 141, 146, 388n84
Boicervoise, Pierre Charles, 35
Boitouzet, J. E., 399n46
Bolotte et Martin (photographer), 92, 242, 399n45
Bonaparte, Prince Napoleon Joseph, 87, 307
Bonaparte family, and photography, 245–49, 301–6
Bondonneau, Emile, 91, 222
Bonvin, 138, 296
Bordeau, Omer, 74
Bouasse-Lebel (photo editor), 383n153
Bouju, Vital, 394n97
Bourquin, M. H., 36, 58, 382n127
Braquehais, Bruno, 36, 40, 148–52, 156, 164, 168–75, 179, 185–93, 222, 313, 390n6, n15, 394n89, n91
Braquehais, Mme. See Gouin, Laure Mathilde Braun, Adolphe, 242, 245, 273, 276, 284, 285, 286, 310, 382–83n141
Braun, Gaston, 289
Bréhon (photographer), 89
Bressant, Jean Baptiste, 119, 123, 127
Bridges, photographs of, 203–8, 211–15, 220, 222, 223
Briges, Comte Ernest Charles de, 59–60, 378n44
Briges, Marquis Marc Antoine de, 59–60
Brin frères [Arthur and Léon], 160
Briquet, Alfred, 94, 399n46
Brisson, Francois Charles, 391n38
Brochard, Anne Marie, 38, 375n102
Brohan, Madeleine, 123, 137
Brougham, Henry, 225
Brunel, Isambard K., 197, 199, 204, 222
Brustier (photographer), 383n153
Bugette, Antoinette, 57
Buizard, Charles, 36
Burckhardt, Jacob, 277
Buron (photographer), 47
Burty, Philippe, 290, 295–97, 299
Cabanel, Alexandre, 163, 173, 183
Cabet, Etienne, 226
Cadart, Louis (editor), 296
Cady, Félix, 391n38
Cailliez, Alfred, 57
Calamatta, Luigi, 298, 374n57
Caldesi (photographer), 295
Camaret (photographer), 379n71
Cammas, Henry, 87
Cardon, Emile, 241
Caricatures of photographers, 17–23
Carjat, Etienne, 19, 22, 23, 27, 35, 36, 42, 61, 63, 82–85, 92, 94, 99, 100, 101, 107, 119, 123, 290, 313, 383n141, 387n76, 407n92
Carrier-Belleuse, Albert, 235–37, 241, 242, 246, 383n141, 397n7
Cartes de visite, 8, 50, 69, 84, 129, 143–44, 185–86, 221, 311, 313
Castaing (photographer), 391n38
Cavaignac, Gen. Louis Eugene, 107, 108
Cavé, Elizabeth, 243, 399n47
Chabal-Dussurgey, 237
Chalcography collection, Louvre, 279–81, 294, 296, 298
Cham [Comte de Noë], 19, 107, 109, 385n10
Chambay (photographer), 383n141
Chambre syndicale de la photographic, 42–43, 289, 375n96
Champfleury [Jules Husson], 17, 40, 106, 107, 111, 134
Chapuy (photographer), 283, 406n71
Charavet, Nicolas, 36, 98, 99
Chardon, Alfred, 305
Charnay, Désiré, 306
Chennevières, Philippe de, 278, 405n51
Chéron, Eugene, 387n62
Chéron, L. (photographer), 98
Chevalier, Arthur, 256
Chevalier, Charles, 13, 17, 40, 42, 47, 72, 78, 79, 80, 156, 381n100
Chevalier, Félix, 305, 382n141
Chevalier, Michel, 225, 227, 233, 234
Chevalier, Vincent, 86
Choiselat (photographer), 242, 382–83n141
Cinema and photography, 73, 380n80
Claretie, Jules, 296, 389n115
Claudet, Antoine, 13, 86, 151, 197, 382n127, 403n7
Clement, Edouard, 98, 272, 384n155
Clement, Eugene, 124
Clerget, Ch. E., 237
Clesinger, Auguste, 163, 183
Clothing, in Nadar portraits, 129–37
Clouzard (photographer), 32, 59
Cogniet, Léon, 15, 72, 153
Cole, Henry, 235–36, 238, 241, 244, 254, 255, 404n41
Collard, Albert Georges, 223
Collard, Auguste Hippolyte, 61, 72, 202–24, 227, 312, 395n13, 396n44, 399n46
Collard, François Albert, 36, 222–23
Colliau, E. (photographer), 282, 406n68
Collodion-on-glass negative, 2–3, 217
Colombier, Henri Louis, 391n38
Commerson, Louis Auguste, 109, 389n115
Compiègne, Château de, photographs at, 305
Copyright laws and photography, 15, 31–34, 373n45. See also Photography, commercial: legal opinions on
Coquet (photographer), 384n155
Corbassière, Louis [Christian], 36
Cordier, Alfred [Billon-Daguerre], 107, 160, 384n6, 391n38, 392n44
Corot, Camille, 138, 289, 296, 298
Cosmos, 40, 41, 84
Couppier, Jules, 42
Courbet, Gustave, 22, 134, 161, 178, 228, 278, 289, 290, 296, 382n139, 388n83, 406n71, 407n92
Cousin, Gustave, 36, 94
Crémieux, Isaac Adolphe, 119
Crépin, Alexandre, 391n38
Crosnier, Paul Arthur, 36
Cundall, Joseph, 275, 403n23
Cuoq (photographer), 74
Da Palma Cottini, Mme. (photographer), 92
Dagron, René P. P., 98, 160, 310, 382n141
Daguerre, Louis J. M., 13, 47, 48, 72, 77–79, 138, 267, 298, 380n94
Daguerreotypes, 38–39, 47–49, 77–79, 124, 151–52, 267–68, 380n92, n98, 406n61
Dallemagne, Adolphe, 36, 92, 101, 382n141
Dalligny (photographer), 399n46
Danguy, Sosthène Bergeron, 61
Darjou (caricaturist), 111, 138
Darlot (optician), 43, 375n96
Darnay (photographer), 157, 184
Daubigny, Charles, 138, 283
Daumier, Honoré, 19, 20, 22, 47, 82, 83, 107, 109, 110, 125, 129, 138, 296, 385n10, 388n81
Davanne, Louis Alphonse, 4, 87, 89–91, 369n8
David, H. (photographer), 73
Davillier, Baron Charles, 298
Deburau fils, Charles, 118, 127
Decagny, Adéodat, 35
Decamps, Alexandre, 120, 293
Deconclois, Guillaume, 384n158
Decorative arts: education in, 234–38, 244, 252–56, 258–64
French strength in, 234
relation to foreign trade, 238–39
Defonds, Emile Pigelet, 42, 57, 80, 114, 137, 289, 310, 384n157
Delaborde, Henri, 290, 293–99, 407–8n114
Delacroix, Eugene, 40, 60, 123, 137, 153, 167, 183, 237, 239, 272, 289, 295–97, 399n47, 404n27
Delamare (photographer), 284, 401n81
Delamotte, Philip Henry, 197–99
Delaporte, L. (photographer), 89
Delaroche, Paul, 14, 60, 80, 289, 290, 293
Delbarre, Pierre Jean, 387n62, 391n38
Delessert, Benjamin, 79, 113, 256, 271–72, 375n90
Delessert, Edouard, 41, 42, 87, 305, 375n90, 410n7
Delintraz (photographer), 98
Delmaet et Durandelle, 202, 227
Delton, Louis Jean, 35, 63, 74, 94, 99, 157, 305, 379n67
Delvau, Alfred, 123, 388n79
Delville, Henri, 195, 232
Deplanque, Jules, 33
Depot legal and photography, 31, 50, 52, 154, 158, 162, 196, 220–21, 245, 270–71, 377n15, 394n94
Deraine, Célestin, 223
Deroche, L. Mathieu, 305
Deruaz, François, 391n38
Derussy (photographer), 48, 382n127
Desbordes-Valmore, Mme. 137, 386n32
Despaquis, Pierre Auguste, 91, 187, 383n141
Devéria, Achille, 97, 307
Dickens, Charles, 37–38, 233, 255–56
Disdéri, A. A. E., 15, 16–42 passim, 57, 59, 61, 69–74, 80, 84, 85, 95, 96, 99, 100, 107, 114, 119, 122, 123, 138, 187, 196, 197, 222, 279, 287, 301, 304–6, 310, 314, 373n40, 382n139, 383n141, 384n156, n158, 410n6
Disdéri, Jules, 36
Docks of St.-Ouen, 215
Dollfus, Jean, 60
Dollfus-Ausset, Daniel, 60, 100, 378n51
Dollfus Mieg et Cie., 242
Donas, Jean Baptiste, 94
Donné, Alfred, 78
Dontenville, E. (photographer), 287
Dopter (photographer), 279, 383n153
Doré, Gustave, 62, 112, 120, 138
Drawing, teaching of, 242–44, 259, 397n14, 399n47, 401n85, 402n94. See also Decorative arts: education in
Dresser, Christopher, 254, 256
Dreyfus, Isidore, 63, 379n67
Du Camp, Maxime, 4, 113, 123, 163, 211, 227–30, 306
Duboscq [Duboscq-Soleil], L. Jules, 87, 403n7
Dubroni [Bourdin] (photographer), 383n141
Duchesne, A. (photographer), 74, 115
Duclos (photographer), 208
Dudynski, Stanislav, 36
Duetz, Mme. (photo editor), 155
Dujardin, Fr. G. (photographer), 89
Dumas, Alexandre (père), 123, 142, 387n76
Dumont (framer), 43, 375n96
Dupont (photographer), 124
Dupont, Henri Louis Aimé, 47
Dupont, Jean Baptiste, 35–36
Dupont, Pierre, 229
Durand-Ruel gallery, 94, 282, 290
Dürer, Albrecht, reproductions of works by, 272–73, 306
Durieu, Eugene, 4, 6, 41, 153, 156, 167, 371n17 , 375n84, 404n27
Duroni, A. (photographer), 32, 373n45, n52
Duval, Charles, 240
Dyce, William 236
Eakins, Thomas, 406n65
Ecole des Beaux-Arts, 155, 234, 238, 239, 240
Ecole des Ponts et Chaussées, curriculum, 212–15
Ecole impériale de Dessin, 234, 235, 238, 245, 252, 398n18
Ecole spéciale de Dessin ouverte aux jeunes personnes, 238
Eder, Josef Marie, 13
Enfantin, Prosper, 225, 227
Engravings: reproductions of, 266–72
and photography, 292–99
cost of, 408n119
Entrepreneurs, French, 376n105
Epée, Abbé de l’, 150, 192
Equestrian portrait studios, 74
Etching, revival of, 295, 296–97
Eugenie de Montijo, Empress, 240, 242, 245, 305 Excursions daguerriennes, 78, 79, 376n4
Exhibitions of photographs: in industrial and world
fairs, 14, 85–92, 151, 221–22, 242, 256–60, 272, 286–87, 382n129, 391n27
with applied and decorative arts, 92
in photography shows, 92–93. See also names of specific exhibitions
Exposition des Beaux-Arts appliques à l’industrie, 235, 240–41, 242, 245, 273
Exposition des produits des membres de l’Académie de l’industrie, 86
Exposition publique des produits de l’industrie française, 79, 86
Exposition universelle of 1855, 196–97, 228, 229, 233–34, 241, 278, 290, 297
Fangin, Jules, 92
Fantin-Latour, Henri, 296
Felon, Joseph, 238
Fenton, Roger, 199, 241, 275, 312, 387n71
Ferrier, Alexandre [Ferrier-Lecadre], 87, 290, 407n92
Ferrier, Charles M., 197, 241
Ferrier père, fils et Soulier, 93, 382n139, 383n144, 392n44
Ferry, Jules, 231, 232
Fierlants (photographer), 271, 273, 276, 277, 295
Figuier, Louis, 13, 373n40
Firmin (photographer), 114, 391n38
Fixon, E. (photographer), 73, 114
Flameng, Leopold, 32, 298
Flandrin, Hippolyte, 237, 267, 304, 374n57, 410n5
Flaubert, Gustave, 4, 161, 227, 230, 232
Fondary, Eugene, 32, 57
Fouché, J. (photographer), 208
Foulquier, Victor, 111, 114
Fourier, Charles, 226, 228
Fournel, Victor, 19, 22
Franck [Francois Marie Alexandre Gobinet de Villecholle], 72, 87, 92, 93, 107, 187, 222, 273, 282, 305, 310, 383n141, 384n6, 399n46
Franco-Prussian War, impact on photography, 101–2
Frith, Francis, 275
Froissart (photographer), 208
Furne fils et Tournier, 36, 58, 97, 279, 281, 305, 383n153, 399n49
Gaillard, Paul, 87, 271
Galichon, Emile, 239, 298
Gall, Franz, 125, 388n81
Gamier, Charles, 196, 283
Gamier, Henri, 88, 289
Gaspard, Louise Rosalie, 38, 99
Gatel, E. (photographer), 42
Gaudin, Alexis, 40, 80, 196, 242
Gaudin, Marc Antoine Augustin, 44, 47, 79, 376n2, 382n127
Gautier, Théophile, 79–80, 113, 125, 282, 387n76, 408n125
Gavarni, Paul [Sulpice Guillaume Chevalier], 106, 107, 109, 111, 296, 385n10, 387n76, 388n81
Gay-Lussac, Joseph Louis, 14
Gemiau, Général, 119, 386n52
Gentil, Adolphe, 391n38
Germain, Louis (photographer), 157
Germigny, Paul, 226
Gérôme, Léon, 259, 295
Gerothwohl et Tanner, 98, 383n153, 384n158
Ghémar (photographer), 146
Gide et Baudry (editors), 4, 272
Giraldon, Jean Baptiste, 63, 379n68
Girardin, Emile de, 76, 77
Giraudon (photographer), 407n91
Giroux, Alphonse and André, 48, 59, 78, 376n7, 380n94
Gobelins tapestry manufactory, 234, 235, 245, 257–58, 295
Godet (photographer), 74
Goncourt, Jules and Edmond de, 109, 112, 162, 166, 173, 179, 183
Gouin, Alexis Louis, 36, 114, 151, 156, 185, 187, 390n7, n13
Gouin, Laure Mathilde, 36, 149, 151, 185, 193–94, 390n8. See also Braquehais, Bruno
Goupil et Cie., 50, 80, 94, 259, 265, 266, 271–73, 276, 283, 287, 290, 298, 299, 401n86
Goupil, Vibert and Co., 275
Grands Boulevards, concentration of photo studios on, 73
Grasset, Eugene, 262, 264
Grave, Jean, 389
Great Britain: trade treaty with France, 233–34
Grimm, Herman, 277
Grob, Ulrich, 27, 28, 384n157, n158
Gros, Baron Jean Baptiste Louis, 4, 17–19, 375n83, n84
Guéroult, Adolphe, 228
Gueuvin, Paul Augustin, 68, 91, 97, 114, 394n89
Guichard, Edouard, 240, 241
Guillaume, Eugene, 298
Guys, Constantin, 110
Halgrin, Auguste [Blin], 36
Hanfstaengl, Erwin, 122, 157
Hannot, Captain (photographer), 13
Haseltine, Charles Field, 276, 404n42
Haussmann, Baron Georges Eugene, 195, 196, 205, 215, 230–32, 259, 298, 396n32
Haussonville, Comte Joseph d’, 113, 375n83
Hawthorne, Nathaniel, 275, 372n28, 404n35
Henneman, Nikolaas, 268, 403n12
Henriquel-Dupont [Louis Pierre Henriquel], 283, 293, 295, 298, 374n57
Hermagis (optician), 87
Herschel, John, 266
Hetzel, Jules, 81, 107, 109
Heuzé, Jean Baptiste, 57
Horeau, Hector, 40
Hoschedé, Ernest, 298
Houssaye, Arsène, 29, 32, 79, 123
Howlett, Robert, 199
Huart, Louis, 81, 389n103
Hugo, Victor, 4, 8, 369n8, 370n14, 382n139
Hulme, F. E., 254, 256
Humbert de Molard, Louis Adolphe, 382n134
Igout, Louis Adolphe, 167
L’Illustration: circulation, 76
early photographic coverage in, 78–79
Ingres, J. A. D., 15, 30, 113, 124, 167, 170, 183, 237, 240, 265, 272, 281, 289–97 passim, 374n57, 397n13, 403n22
Institution Royale des Sourds-Muets, 150, 192, 390n4
Jacotin, Louis Charles, 59
Jalabert, Armand, 391n38
Jamin, J. (photographer and optician), 91
Janicot (photographer), 382n139
Janin, Jules, 79, 120, 379n74, 387n76
Janssen, Pierre Jules César, 91
Jarrot (photographer), 279
Jeanrenaud, A. (photographer), 242
Joannes, J. P. (photographer), 121
Joly-Grangedor, 89, 244, 296, 399n49
Jones, Owen, 254, 256, 264
Jorda, A. (photographer), 33
Jouet, Eugene, 399n46
Journet, Jean, 134, 388n83
Jouvin, Léon, 196, 391n38
Juhan, Alexandre, 36, 58
Julien, Bernard, 167, 168, 170, 383n69
Karr, Alphonse, 109
Ken, Alexandre, 160, 391n38
Klagmann, Jules, 237, 241
Laborde, Comte Léon, 48, 233, 234, 237, 244, 292–93, 297, 299, 375n84, 400n52
Lacan, Ernest, 15, 40–42, 44, 87–89, 118, 120, 152–53, 156, 173, 287
Lacroix, Jean Baptiste Auguste, 36, 99
Ladrey, Ernest, 97, 98, 383n141
Laffon, Mme. Louise (photographer), 306
Lafon de Camarsac (photographer), 88, 93
Laisné, Victor, 137, 270, 289
Lalanne, Maxime, 298
Lamartine, Alphonse, 120, 379n74
Lamiche, Francois Benjamin, 156, 157
Lamiche fils et Auge, 392n44
Lamy, Pierre E., 391n38
Langerock, Henri, 383n141
Langlois, Col. Charles, 306
Lapointe, Savinien, 226
Laulerie (photographer), 87
Laurent, J. (photographer), 276
Laurent, Marie, 129, 137
Lavater, Johann Caspar, 388n81
Lavaud, H. (photographer), 383n141
Laverdet, Marcel Gustave, 36
Le Gray, Gustave, 4, 13, 15, 35, 40, 42, 59–60, 66, 73, 86, 97, 99, 112, 114, 115, 124, 125, 142, 146, 156, 175, 269, 271, 278, 282, 293, 299, 305, 306, 309, 310, 385n28, 386n34, 405n51
Le Play, Frédéric, 87
Le Secq, Henri, 4, 6, 35, 36, 40, 97, 113, 175, 268, 289, 309, 382n139
Leautté fréres, 391n38
Leblanc, Christian Louis, 42
Leborgne, Auguste, 157
Lebour, Mlle. (daguerreotypist), 37
Lebrun, Désiré, 97
Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Henri, 243, 398n18, 399n47
Lecuyer, Raymond, 13
Ledôt aíné et jeune, 33, 407n92, 410n6
Ledru-Rollin, A. A., 109
Lefebvre-Wely, Louis James Alfred, 116, 387n62
Lefman frères (photographer), 197
Lefort, Jules, 116, 121, 387n60, n61
Lefranc, Auguste, 62, 142
Legoupy, Adolphe, 305
Legouvé, Ernest, 165
Legros, Adolphe, 98, 124, 384n155, n156
Lehmann, Henri, 15, 290, 298
Leisse, A. (photographer), 40
Lejeune, A. (photographer), 305
Leleux père et fils (photographer), 394n97
Lemaitre, Augustin Francois, 40, 42
Lemercier, Joseph, 50, 114, 196, 244, 272, 278, 399n49, 400n50
Léon et Levy (photographer), 287
Leopold, King (of Belgium), 119, 386n52
Lepage, Francois, 156, 183
Lerebours, Noel Marie, 40, 47, 48, 56, 59, 78, 79, 153, 278, 376n4, 378n27, 381n101, 403n6
Leroy, Charles, 35, 36
Lespès, Leo, 186
Levitsky [Lewitsky], Serge, 305, 384n156, n157
Levy, Albert [Charles], 160, 392n44
Levy, Félix, 72, 392n44
Levy, Henri, 392n44
Levy, Isaac George, 392n44
Levy, Leopold, 392n44
Levy, Sylvain, 72, 392n44
Liébert, Alphonse, 65–66, 222
Lochard (photographer), 383n141
Lockroy, Edouard, 82, 101
London Exhibition of 1851: photographs of Sydenham reconstruction, 197–99
and industrial arts, 236, 237, 292
jury reports, 241
London Exhibition of 1862, 240, 256
Lorentz (photographer), 278
Louvre Museum: and photography, 266, 277–89
rebuilding and connection to Tuileries Palace, 310, 396n37
Lucy, Louis de, 394n89
La Lumière, 15, 40–42, 87, 152, 156
Lumière brothers (photographers), 73
Lundquitz et Cie. (photographer), 161
Luynes, Due Albert de, 286, 296
Macaire, Louis Cyrus and Hippolyte, 113, 385n29
Machines, attitudes toward. See Technology
Magny (photographer), 394n89
Malacrida, Jules, 73, 97, 154–56, 184, 391n27
Maline, Louis Antoine, 157
Manet, Edouard, 121, 161, 173, 272, 292, 296, 407n96, 408n124
Marais, Léon, 97, 283
Marcelin [Emile Planat], 17, 19, 22, 23, 80, 84, 107
Marconi, Gaudenzio, 167
Maréchal, Charles, 242, 382n141
Marion, Auguste (optician), 87
Marie, Charles, 383n141
Marseilles, photographic activity in, 93
Martens, Frederic, 42, 98, 287, 306
Martinet, Louis, 282, 287
printer, 374n57
Marville, Charles, 6, 34, 36, 202, 271, 284, 286, 290, 379n65, 384n156, n157
Masse (photographer), 383n141
Materialism, 293–95, 297
Mathieu, Victor, 407n91
Maucomble, V. (photographer), 57, 79, 86, 38 1 n101
Mayall, John J. E., 197
Mayer, Gaudin et Orengo, 59
Mayer, Gustave Adolphe, 37, 73
Mayer frères [Ernest and Louis] et Pierson [Louis], 11–12, 13, 15, 32–37, 40, 42, 59, 63, 64, 72, 73, 86, 91, 94, 95, 100, 114, 119, 122, 123, 278, 283, 301, 304, 305, 313, 370n3, 373n55, n57, 375n102, 384n157, 387n74, 410nn2–4, n6
Mayhew, Henry, 69
Maze, Alphonse, 98, 384n158 Méhédin, Léon, 306, 307
Meissonier, Jean Louis Ernest, 120, 237, 290, 295, 397n13
Méliès, Georges, 73
Mérimée, Prosper, 239, 240, 305
Meryon, Charles, 270, 403n16
Mestral (photographer), 309
Michel (photographer), 382n 127
Michelet, Jules, 119, 165–66, 232, 386n52
Michelez, C. (photographer), 266, 271, 284, 286, 287, 290, 406n78, 407n92
Microphotography, 160–61
Mieg, Charles Thierry, 256
Millaud, Moise, 118, 119, 124, 186
Minet, Victor, 42, 87, 375n96
Mirès, Jules, 82, 115, 124
Mission héliographique, 200, 307–8
Moigno, Abbé, 84
Molteni et Cie. (opticians), 59
Monfort fils, Benito de, 40
Montmirel, Charles Emile and E. T., 48, 377n9
Moock, Léon, 36, 387n62
Môrelli, Giovanni, 276
Morin (cameras), 382n127
Mottez, Victor, 113, 270
Moulin, Jacques Antoine, 6, 40, 50, 93, 97, 98, 154–56, 172–84 passim, 307, 383n144, 384n155, 387n71, 391n27, n29
Mulnier, Ferdinand, 73, 91, 383n141
Mulot (photographer), 33
Murger, Henri, 80, 82, 105–7, 111, 124, 134, 388n84, 389n115
Museums: of reproductions of Old Masters, 298
of industrial art, 236–37, 238, 241, 244, 398n20, n22
of photography, 278, 287–88
Nadar [Gaspard Félix Tournathon]: reputation, 7, 35, 95, 147–48, 389n115, n116
self-promotion as an artist, 15–16, 17, 29, 43, 102
as a caricaturist, 22, 36, 107–12, 114
early career, 44, 105–113, 384n1
backers: 61–63, 142
blvd. des Capucines studio, 58, 68, 72, 99, 142–46, 259–60, 381n119
ballooning, 62, 109, 144
use of the press, 80–83, 96, 100, 381n112, 384n158
political views, 81, 85, 107–9, 313, 385n13
rue St.-Lazare studio, 72, 91, 116–41, 385n26
disillusionment, 101, 145–46
use of pseudonym, 105–7
sitters, 112, 119, 123–24, 127, 128, 129, 386n52, n53
court case against brother, 116, 119–21, 386n40
portrait style, 121–38
art collection, 138
and Delton, 379n67. See also Tournathon, Adrien
Nadar, Ernestine, 115–18, 379n74, 386n37
Nadar, Paul, 36, 101, 120, 145, 148
Nanteuil, Célestin, 111, 138, 374n57
Napoleon III: and technological progress, 3, 8, 195, 227, 231
opposition to, 27, 107–8, 123
and pornography, 162
Parisian rebuilding, 203–6
trade treaty with England, 233–34
art policies, 239, 279, 298, 301
ministries’ use of photography, 306–10
support by photographers, 303–5, 310, 313–14
photographs of, 301–5, 387n74, 410n5
Naudin (photographer), 223
Nègre, Charles, 34, 36, 42, 175, 271, 306–7, 382n137
Negretti and Zambra (photographer), 312
Nerval, Gerard de, 32, 124
Neurdein, Jean César Adolphe, 59, 407n91
Newhall, Beaumont, 13
Niepce, Nicéphore, 13, 72, 77, 78, 265, 266
Niepce de St.-Victor, C. F. A., 5, 369n8
Nieuwerkerke, Comte Alfred Emilien de, 239, 278, 279, 281, 283, 289, 298
Noél, Leon, 106, 389n115
Nudes, photographs of, 153–64
Nugent, Désire Mathurin de, 36, 99
Numa, Georges, 66
Numa-Blanc (photographer), 42, 73, 85, 87, 92, 384n158
Obscenity, laws on, 154–55. See also Pornography
Olivier, Louis Camille d’, 36, 155
Ornament, theories of, 254–56
Owen, Hugh, 197, 241
Owen, Robert, 226, 228
Pagot (photographer), 98, 384n156
Palais Royal, as center for photography, 72, 380n79
Pannier, R. (photographer), 97, 279
Panthéon Nadar, 82, 110–13, 115, 116, 123, 144, 386n36
Paper negative process, 79, 124, 268–69, 381n100
Parent-Duchâtelet, Alexis Jean Baptiste, 166, 167, 183, 184
Paris: as a photographic center, 2
location of studios in, 48, 63–74
location of industry in, 380n82
Paris Commune, photographs of, 187–91, 222
Patents, photographic, 52–54, 160, 256
Pelin, Gabriel, 158, 184
Pelletan, Eugene, 27, 228, 372n33
Pelletan, Jules, 77, 78, 380n92
Pereire, Emile, 61–63, 112, 119, 124, 200, 227, 272, 379n65
Pereire, Eugene, 62
Pereire, Gustave, 62, 143
Pereire, Henri, 62
Pereire, Isaac, 61–63, 112, 119, 124, 200, 227
Pereire, Mme. Isaac, 298
Périer, Paul, 87
Periodicals: photographic, 40–42
coverage of photography, 76–84
Persiani, Alexandre (chemist), 382
Persigny, Duc J. G. V., 123, 233
Péruche, E. (editor), 152
Pestalozzi, J. H., 252
Petit, Auguste, 36, 382n137
Petit, Pierre, 19, 22, 26, 36, 42, 61, 63, 84, 87, 95, 268–87, 305, 310, 382n139, 391n38
Peyson, Frederic, 191, 390n4
Philipon, Charles, 62, 80–81, 82, 84, 107, 108, 109, 118, 120, 123, 143, 381n123, 389n115
Philipon, Eugene, 62, 80–81, 142, 389n103
Photographers: amateur, 3–4, 6
represented in early histories, 12–16
in caricatures and the press, 16–30
as liberal artists, 27, 29–30
profile of, 35–37, 374n65, nn72–73
female, 37–38
employees of, 38–40
clubs and unions, 40–43, 383n145
social status, 43–46
distaste for business, 101–2
Photographs, commercial, Parisian: types for sale, 95–98
as interior decoration, 305–6
as bases for wood engravings, 281
regional, 369n2
United States, 369n5, 372n28
Photography, commercial: growth of, 1, 3, 50–56
definitions of, 3
and ideology, 5, 292, 300, 305, 312–14
styles, 6
purchasers of, 5–6, 310–12, 383n150, 387n71
attitudes toward, 14–15, 22, 228–32
manuals for, 15
legal opinions on, 15, 30–34, 373n45, n52, n55, n57
investors in, 58–63
religious, 97, 270
engineering, 196–99, 203–23
for industrial designers, 241–59. See also Exhibitions of photographs
Photographers
Photographs, commercial, Parisian
Pornography: photographic
Portrait photography
Reproductions of art, photographic
Studios: photographic
Photomechanical processes, 409n138
Physiognomy, theories of, 125, 388n81
Picot, Eugene, 157
Pierson, Pierre Louis, 11, 12, 42, 63, 64, 87, 289. See also Mayer frères et Pierson
Pilot, G. (photographer), 33
Piot, Eugene, 79
Pitiot, A. (photographer), 384n158
Pius IX, Pope, 98, 123, 162, 379n74, 383n153
Place, Victor, 307
Placet, Emile, 36, 44, 89, 100
Plagniol, Antoine Alex., 48
Plaut, Charles Henri, 156, 391n38
Plumier, Alphonse, 15, 86, 381n100
Plumier, Victor, 42, 72, 73, 79, 382n127
Poitevin, Alphonse, 4, 13, 369n8
Ponti, Carlo, 273
Pornography: photographic, 154–64, 173, 175–84, 391n38, n39, 393n78, n79
literary, 392n52
Portrait photography, 6, 73, 74, 97, 98, 101, 118–38, 185–86, 221, 301–5, 373n50, n55, 381n101, 385n16, 387n74, 388n91
Portraits-charges, 110–11, 119, 123, 385n17
Potonniée, Georges, 13, 48
Potteau, Ph. (photographer), 93, 279, 383n144
Pourtalès collection, 272
Pradier, James, 268, 278, 391n27
La Presse: circulation, 76
photographic coverage in, 77–78, 82
Prévost (caricaturist), 111, 138, 295
Prices, in Second Empire: general, 377n22
of photographs, 386n53, 388n79
Prostitution: theories of, 166
effects on body, 173, 183
geographical concentration, 391n35
Proudhon, P. J., 165, 166, 226
Puech (photo supplies), 40, 42
Pugin, A. Welby, 254
Puvis de Chavannes, Pierre, 296, 374n57, 406n72
Pyat, Félix, 145
Quinet, Achille, 6, 50, 72
Quinet, Alexandre, 172, 173, 287, 383n41, 391n38
Railroads: history of, 195–96
photographs of, 197, 206–15, 394n11
Raimondi, Marcantonio, 153, 256, 271–72, 276, 404n27
Randon, Gilbert, 114, 386n31
Raudnitz, Jules, 39, 156, 157, 287
Ravaisson, Félix, 91, 237, 243–44, 258, 283
Realism: and pornography, 162–63
and photography, 228, 293–94
Reclus, Elisée, 145, 385n13
Redgrave, Richard, 236, 254, 256
Regnault, Henri, 4, 242
Reiber, Emile, 238
Reine (cameras), 382n127
Rembrandt van Rijn, reproductions of works by, 272, 276, 297, 306, 403nn22–23
Renan, Ernest, 228, 231
Renard, A. (photographer), 50, 270
Renneville, Vicomtesse de, 30, 137
Reproductions of art, photographic: 79, 80, 97, 203, 220–21, 257, 265–78, 289–300, 404n34, 405n50, 406n63, n65, 407n95
Reutlinger, Charles, 35, 73, 114, 145, 152
Revolution of 1848, impact on photography of, 49
Revue de Paris, and progress, 228
Reybaud, Louis, 11, 234
Ribot, Victor, 196
Ricardo, David, 226, 230
Richebourg, Ambrose, 93, 124, 187, 266, 271, 278, 282–86, 290, 310, 383n144, n153, 384nn156–57, 399n46, 406n71, 407n92
Rideau (photographer), 156
Riou-Dumontier, Pierre F., 384n156, n158
Ris, Clement de, 17, 272
Robert, Emile, 99
Robert, Louis, 4, 67, 271
Rodin, Auguste, 245, 400nn57–58
Rondot, Natalis, 238, 244
Rossini, Gioacchino, 129, 379n74
Rothschild, Baron Edmond de, 298
Rothschild, Baron James de, 199–200, 208, 394nn10–11
Rothschild, Baron Salomon de, 118, 124
Rousseau, Louis, 97, 307
Rousset, Ildefonse, 383n141
Rouxel, Eugene Marie, 36, 61, 391n38
Ruprich-Robert, Victor, 252, 256
Ruskin, John, 255, 256, 275, 313, 411n34
Sabatier, B. H., 37, 72
Sabatier-Blot, Jean Baptiste, 72, 156, 382n127
Saint-Edmé [Edmond Choisy], 394n89
Saint-Marc, Florence Victor, 305
Saint-Simon, Henri de, 225, 228
Salaries, photographic, 38–39, 63
Salmon, Edmond, 97
Salmson (photographer), 242, 382n141
Salon: nudes in, 163
photographs of, 278, 282–86
Samson, Louis, 124
Sand, George, 106, 112, 123, 124, 129, 137
Say, Jean Baptiste, 225
Schauer, Gustav, 273
Scheffer, Ary, 274, 290, 293
Schiertz (cameras), 86, 382n127, n141
Schobloch (photographer), 394n89
Scholl, Aurélian, 81, 82, 112
Schwabbé (photographer), 15, 33
Sculpture, photographs of, 268, 284, 296, 399n46, 403n14
Secretan, Marie Francois, 48, 56, 58, 79, 87, 153, 278, 376n4
See, G. (photographer), 310, 384n157
Ségalas, Anais, 137
Segoffin, Charles, 33, 157, 391n38
Senate, debate on obscenity, 163–64
Serrano, Maréchal Francisco, 119, 386n52
Silvestre, Théophile, 122, 289, 387n74
Socialists, caricatures of, 109
Société anonyme, 58, 378n37
Société de secours mutuels des employés en photographie, 43, 375n97
Société des aquafortistes, 272, 296–98, 408n125
Société des gens de lettres, 106, 112
Société du progrès de l’art industriel, 240
Société française de gravure, 298
Société française de photographic, 2, 6–7, 40–42, 80, 85, 87, 88, 92, 118, 120, 156, 161, 186, 187, 208, 220, 242, 249, 271, 290, 295, 306, 307, 371n17, 375n87, nn92–93, 383n142, 387n57
Société générale des annonces, 76
Société héliographique, 5, 40, 114, 115, 151, 156
Société nationale des Beaux-Arts, 235
Sokolnicki (photographer), 387n62
Solar, Félix, 112
Soleil (photographer), 156
Solon, J. Fr. (photographer), 399n46
Sonnet, Alexis, 394n97
Soulier, Charles, 32, 59, 310
South Kensington Museum. See Victoria and Albert Museum
Speisser, Hippolyte, 391n38
Spingler, Georges, 305
Spurzheim, Jean Gaspard, 125, 388n81
Stereoscopic views, 97–98
Stirling-Maxwell, Sir William, 268, 403n10, n12
Stoltz, Rosine, 119, 386n52
Studios, photographic: purchase prices, 57
construction, 63–69
rents, 64, 72
interiors, 69–71, 138–41
locations, 66–69, 72–74, 99
failures and successes, 98–102
value, 375n102
profits, 377n12
Susse, Victor, 45–46, 376n107
Susse frères, 46, 78, 376n6, 380n94, 391n27
Talbot, William Henry Fox, 2, 13, 72, 77–79, 241, 265–69
Taupin, A. (photographer), 33
Taylor, Baron Isidore Justin Séverin, 240
Technology: impact on photography, 2, 7
attitudes toward, 198, 223–32, 294
Tenison, E. K. (photographer), 42
Terrien, Christoll, 110, 129, 132
Testud de Beauregard (photographer), 242
Teynard, Félix, 97
Thiboust, E. Lambert, 91, 92, 282, 283, 382n141
Thiebault, P. E. [G.], 15, 33, 34, 156, 157, 305, 383n153
Thierry, Amadée Pierre, 11, 29, 86
Thomassin et Cie. (photographer), 59, 101, 305, 391n38
Thompson, C. Thurston, 241, 276, 279, 404n41
Thoré, Théophile, 272, 276
Thouret, Anthony, 85, 87, 387n62
Thuliée, Dr. H., 166, 178
Tissandier, Gastón, 14
Titus-Albitès (photographer), 72, 86
Tongue, Jean, 391n38
Topffer, Rodolphe, 110
Torbechet, Zacharie Jean Baptiste de, 42, 44, 58, 60, 99, 101, 391n38
Tournachon, Adrien, 32, 35, 36, 61, 73, 91, 99, 100, 105, 109, 112–22, 142, 143, 146, 310, 387n61, n64. See also Nadar
Tournachon, Victor, 105, 106
Tournier, Henri, 33, 310, 384n157
Tourtin, J. C. (photographer), 64–65, 383n141
Trinquart, A. R. (photographer), 63, 84, 305, 382n139
Trottier (photographer), 278
Truchelut, T. (photographer), 36, 43, 375n96
Union centrale des Beaux-Arts appliqués a l’industrie, 92, 235, 241, 399n38
Unions, photographic, 42–43, 375n94
Vaillant, Maréchal J. B. P., 239, 257, 258
Vaillat, And. Cl. E., 42, 48, 72, 403n6
Vallou de Villeneuve, Julien, 97, 154, 156, 184, 387n74
Van Gogh, Vincent, 265, 299, 409n137
Varcollier (photographer), 34
Varroquier, Armand, 35, 36, 287, 310
Vaudé-Green, Mme., 97, 279, 384n156
Vaury, Louis, 91, 383n141
Vauvray, Pierre Hyppolyte, 145
Veuillot, Louis, 109, 110, 162, 183, 231
Victoria, Queen, 307, 310–13
Victoria and Albert Museum: history of, 236
photography in, 241, 275–76, 404n41
“chamber of horrors,” 254
Vidal, Léon, 93
Viel Castel, Comte Horace de, 45–46
Vigé, Nicolas, 257, 284, 401n81
Vigier, Vicomte Joseph, 113
Vignoles, Charles, 199, 222
Villedeuil, Charles de, 109, 112, 386n39
Villemessant, Hippolyte de, 76, 80, 109, 120
Villeneuve, Pierre Alfred, 161
Villot, Frédéric, 284–86, 299
Viollet-le-Duc, Eugene E., 196, 309–10, 411n23
Vion, Charles, 80
Vitet, Ludovic, 230, 232, 298, 313
Voland, Henri, 97, 161
Waagen, Gustave, 277
Walckmann, Félix, 36
Walery [Comte Ostrorog], 57, 107, 146, 384n6
War, Ministry of, and photography, 306
Warnod, Jean Victor, 385n29
Warren Thompson (photographer), 114, 403n7
Wey, Francis, 15, 17, 40, 112, 113, 125, 153, 371n14, 382n139
Willème (photosculpture), 89, 382n141
Women: Nadar’s portraits of, 137–38
stereotypes of, 165–67
Wornum, Ralph, 237
Wulff [Léon and Henri] et Cie., 399n46
Wyatt, Digby, 275
Zacharie (photographer), 73
Ziegler, Jules, 5, 40, 153, 156, 403n13