Bibliography

Age of Spirituality. 1979. Weitzmann, K., ed. Age of Spirituality: Late Antique and Early Christian Art, Third to Seventh Century. Exh. cat., The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York.

Alföldi, A. 1934. “Insignien und Tracht der römischen Kaiser.” Mitteilungen des deutschen archäologischen Instituts, römische Abteilung 50:3–158.

Alföldi, M. 1963. Die Constantinische Goldprägung. Mainz am Rhein.

Amandry, P. 1963. Collection Hélène Stathatos. Vol. 3, Objets antiques et byzantins. Strasbourg.

Amiaud, A. 1889. La légende syriaque de saint Alexis, l’homme de Dieu. Paris.

Ancient Art New York. 1961. Von Bothmer, D. Ancient Art from New York Private Collections: Catalogue of an Exhibition Held at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, December 17, 1959–February 28, 1960. Exh. cat., The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York.

Ancient Portraits. 1970. Ancient Portraits: A Show of Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Sculptured Portraits in Honor of the Seventieth Birthday of T.R.S. Broughton, Paddison Professor of Classics. Ackland Art Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, April 5–May 17, 1970. Exh. cat., University of North Carolina. Chapel Hill, N.C.

Angelidi, C., and T. Papamastorakis. 2000. “The Veneration of the Virgin Hodegetria and the Hodegon Monastery.” In Mother of God.

Angelova, D. 1998. The Ivories of Ariadne and the Construction of the Image of the Empress and the Theotokos in Late Antiquity. Master’s thesis, Southern Methodist University.

Angold, M. 1984. Introduction to The Byzantine Aristocracy, IX to XIII Centuries. Oxford.

________. 1995. Church and Society in Byzantium under the Comneni, 1081–1261. Cambridge.

Anisimov, A. 1928. Our Lady of Vladimir. Prague.

Antioch. 2000. Kondoleon, C., ed. 2000. Antioch: The Lost Ancient City. Exh. cat., Worcester Art Museum, Worcester, Mass. Princeton.

Ariadne Galleries. 1988. Byzantium: The Light in the Age of Darkness. New York.

Aries, P., and G. Duby, eds. 1987–91. A History of Private Life. Vol. 1, From Pagan Rome to Byzantium. Cambridge, Mass., and London.

Art and Holy Powers. 1989. Maguire, E. D., H. P. Maguire, and M. J. Duncan-Flowers, with contributions by A. Gonosová and B. Oehlschlager-Garvey. Art and Holy Powers in the Early Christian House. Exh. cat., Krannert Art Museum, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Champaign, 111.

Art of Seals. 1984. Root, M. C., ed. The Art of Seals: Aesthetic and Social Dynamics of the Impressed Image from Antiquity to Present. Exh. cat., Kelsey Museum of Archaeology, University of Michigan. Ann Arbor.

Art of the Late Antique. 1968. Art of the Late Antique from American Collections: A Loan Exhibition of the Poses Institute of Fine Arts, Rose Art Museum, Brandeis University, December 18, 1968—February 16, 1969. Exh. cat., Rose Art Museum. Waltham, Mass.

Attaleiates, M. (11th–12th century). 1853. Michaelis Attaliotae Historia. Edited by I. Bekker. Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae, vol. 50. Bonn.

Aubert, J.-J. 1989. “Threatened Wombs: Aspects of Ancient Uterine Magic.” Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 30:421–49.

Babelon, E. 1897. Catalogue des camées antiques et modernes de la Bibliothèque Nationale. Paris.

Badawy, A. 1978. Coptic Art and Archaeology. Cambridge, Mass.

Bakalova, E. 1978. “La vie de Sainte Parascève de Tirnovo dans l’art balkanique du bas moyen âge.” Byzantinobulgarica 5:175–209.

Bakirtzis, C. 1989. “Byzantine Amphorae.” In Recherches sur la céramique byzantine, edited by V Déroche and J. M. Spieser. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique. Supplément 43:73–77.

Barb, A. A. 1953. “Diva Matrix.” Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 16:193–238.

Barber, E. W 1994. Women’s Work: The First 20,000 Years. Women, Cloth, and Society in Early Times. New York and London.

Barns, J. R. 1991. Icon Collections in the United States. Torrance, Calif.

Barns, J. W. B., and H. Zilliacus. 1960. The Antinoöpolis Papyri. Vol. 2. London.

Bartman, E. 2001. “Hair and the Artifice of Roman Female Adornment.” American Journal of Archaeology 105:1–25.

Bates, G. 1968. “A Byzantine Hoard from Coelesyria.” American Numismatic Society Museum Notes 14:67–109.

Beaucamp, J. 1990, 1992. Le statut de la femme à Byzance (4e–7e siècle). 2 vols. Paris.

________. 1993. “Organisation domestique et rôles sexuels: Les papyrus byzantins.” DOP 47: 185–94.

Beckwith, J. 1963. Coptic Sculpture 300–1300. London.

Belting, H. 1994. Likeness and Presence: A History of the Image before the Era of Art. Chicago and London.

Belting-Ihm, C. 1976. “Sub matris tutela": Untersuchungen zur Vorgeschichte der Schutzmantelmadonna. Heidelberg.

________. 1992. Die Programme der christlichen Apsismalerei vom vierten Jahrhundert bis zur Mitte des achten Jahrhunderts. Forschungen zur Kunstgeschichte und Christlichen Archäologie, vol. 4. Stuttgart.

Bénazeth, D. 1992. L’art du métal au début de l’ère chrétienne: Catalogue du département des antiquités égyptiennes, Musée du Louvre. Paris.

________. 2000. L’art copte en Egypte. Paris.

Bendall, S. 1996. Byzantine Weights: An Introduction. London.

Bendall, S., and P. J. Donald. 1979. The Later Palaeologan Coinage. Bristol.

Benko, S. 1993. The Virgin Goddess: Studies in the Pagan and Christian Roots of Mariology. Leiden.

Bensammar, E. 1976. “La titulature de l’impératrice et sa signification.” Byzantion 46: 243–91.

Berger, A. 1982. Das Bad in der byzantinischen Zeit. München.

________. 2001. “Imperial and Ecclesiastical Processions in Constantinople.” In Byzantine Constantinople: Monuments, Topography, and Everyday Life, edited by N. Necipoglu. Leiden, Boston, and Cologne.

Bergmann, B., and W. M. Watson. 1999. The Moon and Stars: Afterlife of a Roman Empress. South Hadley, Mass.

Bergmann, M. 1977. Studien zum römischen Porträt des 3. Jahrhunderts n. Chr. Bonn.

Betz, H. D., ed. 1992. The Greek Magical Papyri in Translation, Including the Demotic Spells. 2nd edition. Chicago.

Beyond the Pharaohs. 1989. Friedman, F., ed. Beyond the Pharaohs: Egypt and the Copts in the Second to Seventh Centuries AD. Exh. cat., Museum of Art of the Rhode Island School of Design. Providence.

BHG. 1969. Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca. 3 vols. 3rd edition. Edited by F. Halkin. Brussels.

Boardman, J. 1968. Engraved Gems: The Ionides Collection. Evanston, Ill.

Bondar, I. V., and T. I. Makarova. 1975. Orfèvrerie ancienne de la collection du Musée des Trésors Historiques d’Ukraine. Moscow.

Bonner, C. 1950. Studies in Magical Amulets, Chiefly Graeco-Egyptian. University of Michigan Studies: Humanistic Series, vol. 49. Ann Arbor.

Borromeo, G. 1987. “Tyche and Fortuna: The Personification of Chance and Imperial Cities.” In Survival of the Gods.

Bouras, L. 1967. Coptic Art. Translated by C. Hay-Shaw. London.

________. 1982. “Byzantine Lighting Devices.” JÖB 32:479–91.

Boyd, S. 1979. Byzantine Art. Chicago.

Bradley Icons. 1973. Peterson, T. G. 1973. Byzantine, Greek, and Russian Icons. Image, Picture, God, Likeness: An Exhibition [from the Private Collection of Mr. and Mrs. Eric Bradley], 5–26 May 1973, University College, Cardiff. Exh. cat., University College. Cardiff.

Brilliant, R. 1963. Gesture and Rank in Roman Art. Memoirs of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, vol. 14. New Haven.

Brock, S. P., and S. A. Harvey, trans. 1987. Holy Women of the Syrian Orient. The Transformation of the Classical Heritage, vol. 13. Berkeley.

Broucke, P. B. J. F. 1994. “Tyche and the Fortune of Cities in the Greek and Roman World.” In Obsession.

Brown, P. L. 1987. “East and West: The New Marital Morality.” In A History of Private Life. Vol. 1, From Pagan Rome to Byzantium, edited by P. Veyne. Cambridge, Mass.

Brown, P. R. L. 1978. The Making of Late Antiquity. Cambridge, Mass.

Brubaker, L. 1994. “To Legitimize an Emperor: Constantine and Visual Authority in the Eighth and Ninth Centuries.” In New Constantines: The Rhythm of Lmperial Renewal in Byzantium, Fourth—Thirteenth Centuries. Papers from the Twenty-Sixth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, Saint Andrews, March 1991. Saint Andrews, Scotland.

________. 1997. “Memories of Helena: Patterns in Imperial Female Matronage in the Fourth and Fifth Centuries.” In Women, Men, and Eunuchs: Gender in Byzantium, edited by L. James. London and New York.

________. 1999. Vision and Meaning in Ninth-Century Byzantium: Image as Exegesis in the Homilies of Gregory of Nazianzus. Cambridge and New York.

Bryennios, Joseph the Monk. 1768–84. Ioseph monachou tou Bryenniou ta heurethenta [The discovered writings of Joseph the Monk Bryennios]. 3 vols. Edited by E. Boulgares and T. Mandakases. Leipzig.

Buckton, D., ed. 1994. Byzantium: Treasures of Byzantine Art and Culture from British Collections. London.

Bühl, G. 1995. Constantinopolis und Roma: Städtepersonifikationen der Spätantike. Zürich.

Bulletin of the Fogg. 1945. “Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection.” The Bulletin of the Fogg Museum of Art 10, no. 4:107–26.

________. 1947. “Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection: Acquisitions December 1, 1946-November 1, 1947.” The Bulletin of the Fogg Museum of Art 10, no. 6.

Buschhausen, H. 1962–63. “Frühchristliches Silberreliquiar aus Isaurien.” Jahrbuch der Osterreichischen byzantinischen Gesellschaft 11, no. 12:137–68.

Byzance. 1992. Byzance: L’art byzantin dans les collections publiques françaises. Exh. cat., Musée du Louvre. Paris.

Byzantium at Princeton. 1986. Curcic, S., and A. St. Clair, eds. Byzantium at Princeton: Byzantine Art and Archeology at Princeton University. Catalogue of an Exhibition at Firestone Library, August 1 through October 26, 1986. Exh. cat, Firestone Library, Princeton University. Princeton.

Cahn, H. A., and A. Kaufmann. 1984. Der spätrömische Silberschatz von Kaiseraugst. Derendingen.

Calinescu, A. 1994. The Art of Ancient Jewelry: An Introduction to the Burton Y. Berry Collection. Bloomington, Ind.

Calza, R. 1972. Iconografía Romana Imperiale. Rome.

Cameron, Alan. 1973. Porphyrius the Charioteer. Oxford.

Cameron, Averil. 1967. “Notes on the Sophiae, the Sophianae, and the Harbor of Sophia.” Byzantion 37:11–20.

________. 1975. “The Empress Sophia.” Byzantion 45:5–21.

________. 1979. “The Virgin’s Robe: An Episode in the History of Early Seventh-Century Constantinople.” Byzantion 49:42–56.

________. 1981. “Images of Authority: Élites and Icons in Late Sixth-Century Byzantium.” In Byzantium and the Classical Tradition: University of Birmingham Thirteenth Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, 1979, edited by M. Mullett and R. Scott. Birmingham.

Cameron, Averil, and J. Herrin, eds. 1984. Constantinople in the Early Eighth Century: The Parastaseis syntomoi chronikai: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary. In conjunction with Alan Cameron, R. Cormack, and C. Roueché. Leiden.

Campbell, S. D. 1994. “Enhanced Images: The Power of Gems in Abstract Personifications.” In La Mosaïque gréco-romaine IV, Trêves, 8–14 août 1984, edited by J.-P. Darmon and A. Rebourg. Paris.

________, ed. 1985. The Malcove Collection: A Catalogue of the Objects in the Lillian Malcove Collection of The University of Toronto. Toronto, Buffalo, and London.

Carr, A. W. 1997. “Court Culture and Cult Icons in Middle Byzantine Constantinople.” In Byzantine Court Culture from 829 to 1204., edited by H. P. Maguire. Washington, D.C.

________. 2000. “The Mother of God in Public.” In Mother of God.

________. 2001. “Threads of Authority: The Virgin Mary’s Veil in the Middle Ages.” In Robes and Honor: The Medieval World of Investiture, edited by S. Gordon. New York.

Carroll, D. L. 1988. Looms and Textiles of the Copts: First Millennium Egyptian Textiles in the Carl Austin Rietz Collection of the California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco.

Caseau, B. A. 1994. Euodia: The Use and Meaning of Fragrances in the Ancient World and Their Christianization (100–900 AD). Ph.D. diss., Princeton University.

Cecchelli, C. 1947. “L’annello bizantino del Museo di Palermo.” In Miscellanea Guillaume de Jerphanion. Orientalia Christiana Periodica, vol. 13. Rome.

Chatzidakis, M. 1939–43. “Un anneau byzantin du Musée Benaki.” Byzantinisch-Neugriechische Jahrbücher 17:174–206.

Cheynet, J.-C., and C. Morrisson. 1994. “Texte et image sur les sceaux byzantins: Les raisons d’un choix iconographique.” In Studies in Byzantine Sigillography. Vol. 4. Edited by Nicolas Oikonomides. Washington, D.C.

Choniates, N. 1984. O City of Byzantium: Annals of Niketas Choniates. Translated by H. J. Magoulias. Detroit.

Chronicon Paschale (7th century). 1989. Chronicon Paschale 284–618 AD. Translated by Michael Whitby and Mary Whitby. Liverpool.

Chrysostom, Saint John (4th century). 1986. On Marriage and Family Life. Translated by C. P. Roth and D. Anderson. Crestwood, N.Y.

Clark, E. 1984. The Life of Melania the Younger: Introduction, Translation, and Commentary. New York and Toronto.

Clark, G. 1993. Women in Late Antiquity: Pagan and Christian Lifestyles. Oxford and New York.

Clement of Alexandria (2nd-3rd century). 1954. Christ the Educator. Translated by S. P. Wood. New York.

Coche de la Ferté, É., and O. Guistina. 1981. L’art de Byzance. Paris.

Comnena, A. (11th–12th century). 1967. The Alexiad of the Princess Anna Comnena: Being the History of the Reign of Her Father, Alexius I, Emperor of the Romans, 1081–1118 A.D. Translated by E. A. S. Dawes. New York.

________. 1969. The Alexiad of Anna Comnena. Translated by E. R. A. Sewter. Baltimore.

Comstock, M., and C. C. Vermeule. 1971. Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Bronzes in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Boston.

________. 1976. Sculpture in Stone: The Greek, Roman, and Etruscan Collections of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Boston.

Connor, C. L. 1998. The Color of Ivory: Polychromy on Byzantine Ivories. Princeton.

Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus (10th century). 1829. De ceremoniis aulae Byzantinae libri duo. Edited by J. J. Reiske. Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae, vol. 9. Bonn.

________. 1939. De ceremoniis: Le livre des cérémonies. Vol. 2, bk. 1. Translated by A. Vogt. Paris.

________. 1967. De ceremoniis: Le livre des cérémonies. Edited and translated by A. Vogt. 2 vols. Paris.

Constas, N. P. 1995. “Weaving the Body of God: Proclus of Constantinople, the Theotokos, and the Loom of the Flesh.” Journal of Early Christian Studies 3, no. 2:169–94.

________. 1996. “Life of St. Mary/Marinos.” In Holy Women of Byzantium, edited by A.-M. Talbot. Washington, D.C.

Cooper, K. 1995. “A Saint in Exile: The Early Medieval Thecla at Rome and Meriamlik.” Hagiographica 2:1–23.

Corippus, F. C. (6th century). 1976. In laudem Iustini Augusti minoris, libri IV [In praise of Justin II]. Edited and translated by Averil Cameron. London.

Cormack, R. 1997. Painting the Soul: Icons, Death Masks, and Shrouds. London.

________. 2000. “The Mother of God in the Mosaics of the Hagia Sophia at Constantinople.” In Mother of God.

Corson, R. 1972. Fashions in Makeup. London.

Cradle of Christianity, 2000. Israeli, Y., and D. Mevorah, eds. Cradle of Christianity. Exh. cat., The Israel Museum. Jerusalem.

Cramer, M. 1964. Koptische Buchmalerei. Recklinghausen, Germany.

Crawford, J. S. 1990. The Byzantine Shops at Sardis. Cambridge, Mass.

Crowfoot, G. M., and D. B. Harden. 1931. “Early Byzantine and Later Glass Lamps.” Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 17:196–208.

Cuno, J., M. B. Cohn, I. Gaskell, D. M. Kao, D. G. Mitten, R. D. Mowry, P. Nisbet, W. W. Robinson, and S. C. Welch. 1996. Harvard’s Art Museums: 100 Years of Collecting. Cambridge, Mass., and New York.

Cutler, A. 1985. The Craft of Ivory: Sources, Techniques, and Uses in the Mediterranean World: A.D. 200–1400. Washington, D.C.

D’Ambra, E. 1993a. Roman Art in Context. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.

________. 1993b. Private Lives, Imperial Virtues: The Frieze of the Forum Transistorum in Rome. Princeton.

Dagron, G. 1974. Naissance d’une capitale: Constantinople et ses institutions de 330 à 451. Paris.

________. 1978. Vie et miracles de Sainte Thecle: Texte grec, traduction, et commentaire. Brussels.

________. 1984. Constantinople imaginaire: Etudes sur le recueil des Patria. Paris.

Daily Life. 2002. Greek Ministry of Culture, Directorate of Byzantine and Post-Byzantine Monuments, Museum of Byzantine Culture. Kathemerine Zoe sto Vyzantio [Daily life in Byzantium]. Exh. cat., Museum of Byzantine Culture, Thessaloniki. Athens.

Dark Ages. 1937. Worcester Art Museum. The Dark Ages: Loan Exhibition of Pagan and Christian Art in the Latin West and Byzantine East: February 20–March 21, 1937. Exh. cat., Worcester Art Museum. Worcester, Mass.

Darkevich, V. P. 1975. Svetskoe iskusstvo Vizantii: Proizvedeniia vizantiisk. khudozh. remesla v Vost. Evrope X–XII v. [Byzantine secular art: Works in Eastern Europe, 10th–12th century]. Moscow.

Davezac, B. 1988. “Spirituality in the Christian East: Greek, Slavic, and Russian Icons from the Menil Collection.” Typescript of a catalogue in development, The Menil Collection, Houston.

Davis, S. 2001. The Cult of Saint Thecla: A Tradition of Women’s Piety in Late Antiquity. Oxford.

Dawes, E., and N. H. Baynes, trans. 1948. Three Byzantine Saints: Contemporary Biographies. Oxford.

De Kersauson, K. 1996. Catalogue des portraits romains. Vol. 2, De l’année de la guerre civile (66–69 après J.-C.) à la fin de l’Empire. Paris.

Delbrueck, R. 1933. Spätantike Kaiserporträts. Berlin and Leipzig.

Demandt, A. 1986. “Der Kelch von Ardabur und Anthusa.” DOP 40:113–17.

De Moore, A., ed. 1993. Koptisch textiel uit vlaamse prive-verzamelingen: Coptic Textiles from Flemish Private Collections. Zottegem, Belgium.

Denis, P. 1995/1996. “Scenes of Marriage in Byzantium.” Rotunda 28, no. 3:18–23.

Deppert, B. 1995. “Byzantine.” In A Golden Legacy: Ancient Jewelry from the Burton Y. Berry Collection at the Indiana University Art Museum, edited by W. Rudolph. Bloomington, Ind.

Deppert-Lippitz, B. 2000. “Late Roman and Early Byzantine Jewelry.” In From Attila to Charlemagne: Arts of the Early Medieval Period in The Metropolitan Museum of Art, edited by K. Reynolds Brown, D. Kidd, and C. T. Little. New York.

Depuydt, L. 1993. Catalogue of Coptic Manuscripts in the Pierpont Morgan Library. 2 vols. Leuven.

De Ricci, S. 1912. Catalogue of a Collection of Ancient Rings Formed by the Late E. Guilhou. Paris.

De Ridder, A. 1911. Collection de Clercq, Catalogue. Vol. 1, Les bijoux. Paris.

De Vorágine, J. (13th century). 1931. The Golden Legend. Translated by W. Caxton. Temple Classics. London.

De Wald, E. T. 1942. The Illustrations in the Manuscripts of the Septuagint. Vol. 3, Psalms and Odes. Princeton.

Dickie, M. W 1995. “The Fathers of the Church and the Evil Eye.” In Byzantine Magic, edited by H. P. Maguire. Washington, D.C.

Diehl, C. 1906, 1908. Figures Byzantines. 2 vols. Paris. [English: Bell, H., and T. de Kerpely, trans. 1963. Byzantine Empresses. London.]

DOC. Bellinger, A. R., and P. Grierson, eds. 1966–99. Catalogue of the Byzantine Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and in the Whittemore Collection. 5 vols. Washington, D.C.

DO Handbook. 1955. The Dumbarton Oaks Collection, Harvard University: Handbook. Washington, D.C.

________. 1967. Trustees of Harvard University. Handbook of the Byzantine Collection. Washington, D.C.

Dodd, E. C. 1974. Byzantine Silver Treasures. Bern.

Dölger, F. J. 1929. Antike und Christentum. Münster.

DOSeals. Nesbitt, J., and N. Oikonomides, eds. 1991–2001. Catalogue of Byzantine Seals at Dumbarton Oaks and in the Fogg Museum of Art. 4 vols. Washington, D.C.

Doxiadis, E. 1995. The Mysterious Fayum Portraits: Faces from Ancient Egypt. New York.

Drerup, H. 1933. Die Datierung der Mumienporträts. Paderborn, Germany.

Drijvers, J. W. 1992. Helena Augusta: The Mother of Constantine the Great and the Legend of Her Finding the True Cross. Leiden.

Drossoyianni, P. A. 1982. “A Pair of Byzantine Crowns.” JÖB 32, no. 3:529–37.

Du Bourguet, P. 1964. Catalogue des étoffes coptes: Musée national du Louvre. Paris.

Ducas, M. 1839. Historia Byzantina. Edited by I. Bekker. Bonn.

Dunbabin, K. M. D. 1999. Mosaics of the Greek and Roman World. Cambridge.

Early Christian and Byzantine Art. 1947. The Walters Art Gallery. Early Christian and Byzantine Art: An Exhibition Held at the Baltimore Museum of Art, April 25–June 22, 1947. Exh. cat., The Walters Art Gallery. Baltimore.

Edelstein, E. J., and L. Edelstein. 1975. Asclepius: A Collection and Interpretation of the Testimonies. New York.

Edgar, C. C. 1905. Catalogue général des antiquités égyptiennes du Musée du Caire. Vol. 26, Graeco-Egyptian Coffins, Masks, and Portraits. Cairo.

Egeria (4th century). 1981. Egeria’s Travels to the Holy Land. Translated by J. Wilkinson. 2nd ed. Jerusalem.

Eliot, C. W J. 1976. “A Bronze Counterpoise of Athena.” Hesperia 45, no. 2:163–71.

Elsner, J. 1995. Art and the Roman Viewer: The Transformation of Art from the Pagan World to Christianity. Cambridge, New York, and Melbourne.

________. 1998. Imperial Rome and Christian Triumph: The Art of the Roman Empire AD 100—450. Oxford and New York.

Emmanuel, M. 1993–94. “Hairstyles and Headdresses of Empresses, Princesses, and Ladies of the Aristocracy in Byzantium.” Deltion tis Christ. Arch. Het. 17:113–20.

________. 1995. “Some Notes on the External Appearance of Ordinary Women in Byzantium. Hairstyles, Headdresses: Texts and Iconography.” Byzantinoslavica 56, no. 3:769–78.

Ennabli, A. 1986. “Les thermes du Thiase marin de Sidi Ghrib.” Monuments et Mémoires 68:1–59.

Ettinghausen, R., and O. Grabar. 1987. The Art and Architecture of Islam, 650–1250. New Haven and London.

Eunapius. 1952. Philostratus and Eunapius: The Lives of the Sophists. Translated by W. C. Wright. Cambridge, Mass., and London.

Evans, H. C., M. Holcomb, and R. Hallman. 2001. The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 58, no. 4: The Arts of Byzantium.

Ewald, B. C. 1999. Der Philosoph als Leitbild: Ikonographische Untersuchungen an römischen Sarkophagreliefs. Mainz am Rhein.

Fear, A. T. 1996. “The Dancing Girls of Cadiz.” In Women in Antiquity, edited by I. McAuslan and P. Walcot. Oxford.

Fejfer, J. 1999. “What Is a Private Roman Portrait?” In Antike Porträts zum Gedächtnis von Helga von Heintze, edited by H. von Steuben. Möhnesee, Germany.

Finney, P. C. 1987. “Images on Finger Rings and Early Christian Art.” DOP 41:181–86.

Fittschen, K., and P. Zanker. 1983. Katalog der römischen Porträts in den Capitolinischen Museen und den anderen kommunalen Sammlungen der Stadt Rom. Mainz am Rhein.

Folda, J. 1992. “The Saint Marina Icon: Maniera Cypria, Lingua Franca, or Crusader Art?” In Four Icons in the Menil Collection, edited by B. Davezac. Houston.

Foss, C. 1976. Byzantine and Turkish Sardis. Cambridge, Mass.

________. 1990. Roman Historical Coins. London.

________. 1996. Nicaea: A Byzantine Capital and Its Praises. Brookline, Mass.

Franken, N. 1994. Aequipondia: Figürliche Laufgewichte römischer und frühbyzantinischer Schnellwaagen. Alfter, Germany.

Frantz, A. 1940–41. “Digenis Akrites: A Byzantine Epic and Its Illustrations.” Byzantion 15:87–91.

Frendo, J. D. C. 1984. “The Poetic Achievement of George of Pisidia.” In Maistor: Classical, Byzantine, and Renaissance Studies for Robert Browning, edited by A. Moffatt. Canberra.

Freshfield, E. H. 1938. “Roman Law in the Later Roman Empire. Byzantine Guilds, Professional and Commercial: Ordinances of Leo VI, c. 895.” In The Book of the Eparch, translated by E. H. Freshfield. Cambridge.

________, trans. 1926. A Manual of Roman Law: The Ecloga. Cambridge.

Gamble, H. Y. 1995. Books and Readers in the Early Church: A History of Early Christian Texts. New Haven.

Ganina, O. 1974. The Kiev Museum of Historic Treasures. Translated by A. Bilenko. Kiev.

Garland, L. 1988. “The Life and Ideology of Byzantine Women: A Further Note on Conventions of Behaviour and Social Reality As Reflected in Eleventh and Twelfth Century Historical Sources.” Byzantion 58:361–93.

________. 1990a. “’Be Amorous, but Be Chaste . . .’: Sexual Morality in Byzantine Learned and Vernacular Romance.” Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 14:62–120.

________. 1990b. “And His Bald Head Shone Like a Full Moon . . .’: An Appreciation of the Byzantine Sense of Humour As Recorded in Historical Sources of the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries.” Paragone n.s. 8, no. 1:1–32.

________. 1999. Byzantine Empresses: Women and Power in Byzantium, AD 527–1204. London and New York.

Gazda, E. K., and J. Royer. 1983. “Domestic Life.” In Karanis, An Egyptian Town in Roman Times: Discoveries of the University of Michigan Expedition to Egypt (1924–1933). Ann Arbor.

Gerontius (5th century). 1984. The Life of Melania the Younger. Translated by E. A. Clark. Studies in Women and Religion, vol. 14. New York.

Gerstel, S. J. 1998. “Painted Sources for Female Piety in Medieval Byzantium.” DOP 52:89–111.

Gerstinger, H. 1965–70. Dioscurides: Codex Vindobonensis Med. Gr. der Osterreichischen Nationalbibliothek. Graz.

Giacosa, G. 1977. Women of the Caesars: Their Lives and Portraits on Coins. Translated by R. R. Holloway. Milan.

Glass of the Caesars. 1987. Harden, D. B., H. Hellenkemper, K. Painter, and D. Whitehouse. Glass of the Caesars. Exh. cat., The Corning Museum of Glass, Corning, N.Y.; The British Museum, London; and Römisch-Germanisches Museum, Cologne. Milan.

Glory of Byzantium. 1997. Evans, H. C., and W. D. Wixom, eds. The Glory of Byzantium: Art and Culture of the Middle Byzantine Era, A.D. 843–1261. Exh. cat., The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York.

Goldman, B. 1966. Sacred Portal: A Primary Symbol in Ancient Judaic Art. Detroit.

Goldman, N. 1994. “Reconstructing Roman Clothing.” In The World of Roman Costume, edited by J. L. Sebeste and L. Bonfante. Madison, Wis.

Goldschmidt, A., and K. Weitzmann. 1930. Die byzantinischen Elfenbeinskulpturen des X–XIII Jahrhunderts. Vol. 1. Berlin.

________. 1934. Die byzantinischen Elfenbeinskulpturen, des X–XIII Jahrhunderts. Vol. 2. Berlin.

Gonosová, A., and C. Kondoleon. 1994. Art of Late Rome and Byzantium in the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. Richmond, Va.

Grabar, A. 1958. Les ampoules de Terre Sainte. Paris.

________. 1975. “Les images de la Vierge de tendresse.” Zograf 6:25–30.

Grabar, A., and M. Manoussacas. 1979. L’illustration du manuscript de Skylitzes de la Bibliothèque Nationale de Madrid. Venice.

Greenfield, R. P. H. 1988. Traditions of Belief in Late Byzantine Demonology. Amsterdam.

Grierson, P. 1955. “The Kyrenia Girdle of Byzantine Medallions and Solidi.” Numismatic Chronicle, 6th ser., 15:55–70.

________. 1963. “A Misattributed Miliaresion of Basil II.” Zbornik radova Vizantoloskog Instituía 8:111–16.

________. 1982. Byzantine Coins. London, Berkeley, and Los Angeles.

________. 1999. Byzantine Coinage. Washington, D.C.

Grierson, P., and M. Mays. 1992. Catalogue of Late Roman Coins in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection and in the Whittemore Collection: From Arcadius and Honorius to the Accession of Anastasius. Washington, D.C.

Guseva, E., ed. 1995. Baogomater’ Vladimirskaya K 600 Letijv Sretenja ikonu Bogomateri Vladimirskoi v Moskve 26 Avgusta (8 sentjabrja), 1395 [The Mother of God Vladimirskaya: Toward the 600th anniversary of the meeting of the Vladimirskya icon in Moscow on August 26 (September 8) 1395]. Moscow.

Hadermann-Misguich, L. 1983. “Pelagonitissa et Kardiotissa: Variantes extremes du type Vierge de tendresse.” Byzantion 53, no. 1:9–16.

Halkin, F. 1966. “La passion de Sainte Paraskeve par Jean d’Eubée.” In Polychronion, Festschrift Franz Dolgër, edited by P. Wirth. Heidelberg.

Halsall, F., trans. 1996. “Life of St. Thomaïs of Lesbos.” In Holy Women of Byzantium: Ten Saints’Lives in English Translation, edited by A.-M. Talbot. Washington, D.C.

Hamartolos, G. (9th century). 1904. Georgii Monachi chronicon. Vol. 1. Edited by C. de Boor. Leipzig.

Hanfmann, G. M. A. 1964. Roman Art: A Modern Survey of the Art of Imperial Rome. New York and London.

________. 1980. “The Continuity of Classical Art: Culture, Myth, and Faith.” In Age of Spirituality: A Symposium, edited by K. Weitzmann. New York and Princeton.

Hannestad, N. 1994. Tradition in Late Antique Sculpture. Aarhus, Denmark.

Harden, D. B. 1963. “A Romano-Syrian Inscribed Glass Flask.” British Museum Quarterly 27:27–28.

Harrison, E. B. 1953. Portrait Sculpture. Princeton.

Heintz, F. 2000. “Investigating a Unique Byzantine Weight.” The Celator 14, no. 10:26–28.

Henig, M. 1993. “Ancient Cameos in the Content Family Collection.” In Cameos in Context: The Benjamin Zucker Lectures, 1990, edited by M. Henig and M. Vickers. Oxford and Houlton, Maine.

Hennecke, E., and W. Schneemelcher. 1963. New Testament Apocrypha. Philadelphia.

________. 1973. New Testament Apocrypha. 2nd ed. Vol. 1. Philadelphia.

Hermes Trismegistus. 1976. Die Kyraniden. Edited by D. Kaimakis. Meisenheim am Glan, Germany.

Herrin, J. 1982. “Women and the Faith in Icons in Early Christianity.” In Culture, Ideology and Politics: Essays for Eric Hobsbawm, edited by R. Samuel and G. S. Jones. London.

________. 1983. “In Search of Byzantine Women: Three Avenues of Approach.” In Images of Women in Antiquity, edited by Averil Cameron and A. Kuhrt. London.

________. 2000. “The Imperial Feminine in Byzantium.” Past and Present 169:3–35.

________. 2001. Women in Purple: Rulers of Medieval Byzantium. Princeton and Oxford.

Higgins, R. 1980. Greek and Roman Jewellery. Berkeley.

Highlights from Berry. 1979. Rudolph, W.

Highlights from the Burton Y. Berry Collection: Indiana University Art Museum, September 18–December 22, 2979. Exh. cat., Indiana University Art Museum. Bloomington, Ind.

Hill, B. 1997. “Imperial Women and the Ideology of Womanhood in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries.” In Women, Men, and Eunuchs: Gender in Byzantium, edited by L. James. London and New York.

Hill, D. K. 1952. “When the Romans Went Shopping.” Archaeology 5, no. 1:51–55.

Hirsch Auktion. 1999. Emil Hirsch Antiquariat. Münzen der Antike, Münzen des Mittelalters, . . . Auktion 205, September 22–25, 1999. Munich.

Hodges, L. F. 1990. “Noe’s Wife: Type of Eve and Wakefield Spinner.” In Equally in God’s Image: Women in the Middle Ages, edited by J. B. Holloway, C. S. Wright, and J. Bechtold. New York.

Holum, K. G. 1982. Theodosian Empresses: Women and Imperial Dominion in Late Antiquity. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London.

Howgego, C. 1995. Ancient History from Coins. London.

Hunt, L.-A. 1991. “A Woman’s Prayer to Saint Sergios in Latin Syria: Interpreting a Thirteenth-Century Icon at Mount Sinai.” Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 15:96–145.

Hurwitz, S. 1992. Lilith, The First Eve: Historical and Psychological Aspects of the Dark Feminine. Einsiedeln, Switzerland.

Hutter, I. 1984. “Das Bild der Frau in der byzantinischen Kunst.” In Byzantios, edited by W. Hörander. Vienna.

I, Claudia. 1996. Kleiner, D. E. E., and S. B. Matheson, eds. I, Claudia: Women in Ancient Rome. Exh. cat., Yale University Art Gallery. New Haven.

Inan, J., and E. Alföldi-Rosenbaum. 1966. Roman and Early Byzantine Portrait Sculpture. London.

________. 1979. Römische und frübyzantinische Porträtplastik aus der Türkei: Neue Funde. Mainz am Rhein.

Jacob, X. 1971–73. “La vie de Marie interprétée par les artistes des églises rupestres de Cappadoce,” Cahiers de l’art médiévale 6, no. 1:15–30.

James, L. 2001. Empresses and Power in Early Byzantium. London and New York.

Janin, R. 1975. Les églises et les monastères des grands centres byzantins. Paris.

Jenkins, M., and M. Keene 1983. Islamic jewelry in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York.

Jenkins, R. J. H. 1947. “The Bronze Athena at Byzantium.” Journal of Hellenic Studies 67:31–33.

Johns, C. 1996. The jewellery of Roman Britain. London.

Julian the Apostate (4th century). 1962. The Works of the Emperor Julian in Three Volumes. Translated by W. C. Wright. Cambridge, Mass., and London.

Kalavrezou, I. 1990. “Images of the Mother: When the Virgin Mary Became Meter Theou” DOP 44:165–72.

________. 1997a. “Helping Hands for the Empire: Imperial Ceremonies and the Cult of Relics at the Byzantine Court.” In Byzantine Court Culture from 829 to 1204, edited by H. P. Maguire. Washington, D.C.

________. 1997b. “Luxury Objects.” In Glory of Byzantium.

________. 2000. “The Maternal Side of the Virgin.” In Mother of God.

________. 2002. “Eikones gynaikon sto Vyzantio” [Images of women in Byzantium]. In Daily Life.

Kalavrezou-Maxeiner, I. 1977. “Eudokia Makrembolitissa and the Romanos Ivory.” DOP 31:306–25.

________. 1985a. Byzantine Icons in Steatite. Vienna.

________. 1985b. “The Byzantine Knotted Column.” Byzantine Studies in Honor of Milton Anastos. Malibu.

________. 1985c. “The Cup of San Marco and the ‘Classical’ in Byzantium.” In Studien zur mittelalterlichen Kunst 800—1250: Festschrift für Florentine Mütherich, edited by K. Bierbrauer, P. K. Klein, and W. Sauerländer. Munich.

Kalogeras, N. M. 2000. Byzantine Childhood Education and Its Social Role from the Sixth Century until the End of Iconoclasm. Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago.

Kanowski, M. G. 1983. Containers of Classical Greece. Queensland.

Kantorowicz, E. H. 1960. “On the Golden Marriage Belt and the Marriage Rings of the Dumbarton Oaks Collection.” DOP 14:1–16.

Kassia (9th century). 1992. Kassia: The Legend, the Woman, and Her Work. Edited and translated by A. Tripolitis. New York.

Kazhdan, A., P. 1998. “Women at Home.” DOP 52:1–17.

Kazhdan, A., and A. W. Epstein. 1985. Change in Byzantine Culture in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London.

Kendrick, A. F. 1920. Catalogue of Textiles from Burying Grounds in Egypt. 3 vols. London.

Kennell, S. A. H. 1991. “Women’s Hair and the Law: Two Cases from Late Antiquity.” Klio 73, no. 2:526–36.

Kent, J. P. C. 1978a. “Urbs Roma and Constantinopolis Medallions at the Mint of Rome.” In Scripta Nummaria Romana: Essays Presented to Humphrey Sutherland, edited by R. A. G. Carson and C. M. Kraay. London.

________. 1978b. Roman Coins. London.

Khoury, N. N. N. 1992. The Mihrab Concept: Palatial Themes in Early Islamic Religious Architecture. Ph.D. diss., Harvard University.

Kiilerich, B. 1993. Late-Fourth-Century Classicism in the Plastic Arts: Studies in the So-Called Theodosian Renaissance. Odense, Denmark.

King, H. 1994. “Producing Woman: Hippocratic Gynecology.” In Women in Ancient Societies: An Illusion of the Night, edited by L. J. Archer, S. Fischler, and M. Wyke. New York.

Kisch, B. 1965. Scales and Weights: A Historical Outline. New Haven.

Kitzinger, E. 1980. “Christian Imagery: Growth and Impact.” In Age of Spirituality: A Symposium, edited by K. Weitzmann. New York and Princeton.

Kleiner, D. 1977. Roman Group Portraiture. New York and London.

Klingshirn, W. E. 2002. “Defining the Sortes Sanctorum: Gibbon, Du Cange, and Early Christian Lot Divination.” Journal of Early Christian Studies 10, no. 1:77–130.

Koder, J., ed. 1991. Das Eparchenbuch Leons des Weisen. Vienna.

Kondakov, N. 1914–15. Ikonografia Bogomateri [The iconography of the Mother of God]. St. Petersburg.

Koukoules, P. 1948–57. Vyzantinon vios kai politismos [Byzantine life and civilization]. Athens.

________. 1951. Byzantine Life and Civilization. Athens.

Kouli, M., trans. 1996. “Life of St. Mary of Egypt.” In Holy Women of Byzantium, edited by A.-M. Talbot. Washington, D.C.

Krauss, Samuel. 1902. “Die Königin von Saba in den byzantinischen Chroniken.” Byzantinische Zeitschrift II:120–31.

Krautheimer, R. 1983. Three Christian Capitals: Topography and Politics. Berkeley.

Kunisch, N. 1997. Makron. Mainz am Rhein.

Künzl, E. 1983. Medizinische Instrumente aus Sepulkralfunden der römischen Kaiserzeit. With contributions by F. J. Hassel and S. Künzl. 2nd ed. Cologne.

Kunysz, A. 1984. Muzeum Narodowe Ziemi Przemyskiej: Zarys monograficzny. [National Museum of the Przemysl Region: Monographic outline]. Przemysl, Poland.

Kurtz, E., ed. 1898. Zwei griechische Texte über die heilige Theophano, die Gemahlin Kaiser Leo VL. St. Petersburg.

L’art copte. 2000. L’art copte en Égypte: 2000 ans de christianisme. Exh. cat, Institut du Monde Arabe. Paris.

Lafontaine-Dosogne, J. 1964. Iconographie de l’enfance de la Vierge dans l’empire byzantin et en occident. Vol. 1. Brussels.

Laiou, A. E. 1981. “The Role of Women in Byzantine Society.". JÖB 31, no. 1:233–60.

________. 1982. “Addendum to the Role of Women in Byzantine Society.” JÖB 32, no. 1:198–204.

________. 1985. “Observations on the Life and Ideology of Byzantine Women.” Byzantinische Forschungen 9:59–102.

________. 1986. “The Festival of Agathe’: Comments on the Life of Constantinopolitan Women.” In Byzantion: Aphieroma ston A. N. Stratos [Byzantium: Tribute to Andreas N. Stratos]. 2 vols. Edited by N. A. Stratos. Athens.

________. 1992. Mariage, amour, et parenté à Byzance aux XI–XIIIe siècles. Paris.

________. 1993. “Sex, Consent, and Coercion in Byzantium.” In Consent and Coercion to Sex and Marriage in Ancient and Medieval Societies, edited by A. E. Laiou. Washington, D.C.

________, trans. 1996. “Life of St. Mary the Younger.” In Holy Women of Byzantium, edited by A.-M. Talbot. Washington, D.C.

________. 2001. “Women in the Marketplace of Constantinople (10th–14th Centuries).” In Byzantine Constantinople: Monuments, Topography, and Everyday Life, edited by N. Necipoglu. Leiden, Boston, and Köln.

Lampros, S. P. 1911. “Codex Marc.524.” Neos Hellenomnemon 8:3–192.

Lasareff, V. 1938. “Studies in the Iconography of the Virgin.” Art Bulletin 20, no. 1:26–65.

Lassner, J. 1993. Demonizing the Queen of Sheba: Boundaries of Gender and Culture in Post-Biblical Judaism and Medieval Islam. Chicago.

Late Antiquity to Late Gothic. 1990. Decorative and Applied Art from Late Antiquity to Late Gothic [in Russian]. Exh. cat., State Hermitage Museum, Leningrad, and State Pushkin Museum, Moscow. Leningrad.

Laurent, V. 1963–81. Le corpus de sceaux de l’empire byzantin. 2 vols. Paris.

Lazarev, V. N. 1966. Old Russian Murals and Mosaics. London.

________. 1981. Novgorodian Icon-Painting. Moscow.

________. 1996. The Russian Icon. Edited by G. I. Vzdornov. Collegeville, Minn.

Lepage, C. 1971. “Les bracelets de luxe romains et byzantins du IIe au VIe siècle: Ètude de la forme et de la structure.” Cahiers archéologiques 21:1–23.

Leroy, J. 1974. Les manuscrits coptes et coptes-arabes illustrés. Paris.

Lévêque, A. M. M. 1997. “L’évolution de bijoux «aristocratiques» féminins.” Revue archéologique 1:79–106.

Liddell, H. G., and Scott, R. 1991. An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon Founded upon the Seventh Edition of Liddell and Scott’s Greek-English Lexicon. Oxford.

Likhacev, N. 1936. “Sceaux de l’empereur Léon III l’Isaurien.” Byzantion 11:469–82.

Limberis, V. 1994. Divine Heiress: The Virgin Mary and the Creation of Christian Constantinople. London and New York.

LLMC. 1981–97. Ackermann, H. C., and J.-R. Gisler, eds. Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae. Dusseldorf.

Liturgie und Andacht. 1992. Plotzek, J. M., and U. Surmann, eds. Biblioteca Apostólica Vaticana: Liturgie und Andacht im Mittelalter. Exh. cat., Erzbischöfliches Diözesanmuseum, Cologne. Stuttgart.

Lopez, R. 1945. “Silk Industry in the Byzantine Empire.” Speculum 20, no. 1:1–42.

MacCoull, L. S. B. 1982. “Documentary Texts from the Pierpont Morgan Library.” Bibliographie de la Société dArchéologie Copte 24:10–12.

________. 1988. Dioscorus of Aphrodito: His Work and His World. Berkeley.

Maffry Talbot, A.-M., ed. and trans. 1975. The Correspondence of Athanasius I, Patriarch of Constantinople: Letters to the Emperor Andronicus II, Members of the Imperial Family, and Officials. Washington, D.C.

Magdalino, P. 2001. “Aristocratic Oikoi in the Tenth and Eleventh Regions of Constantinople.” In Byzantine Constantinople: Monuments, Topography, and Everyday Life, edited by N. Necipoglu. Leiden, Boston, and Cologne.

Magoulias, H. 1971. “Bathhouse, Inn, Tavern, Prostitution and the State As Seen in the Lives of the Saints of the Sixth and Seventh Centuries.” Epeteris Hetaireias Byzantinon Spoudon 38:233–52.

Maguire, E. D. 1997. “Ceramic Arts of Everyday Life.” In Glory of Byzantium.

Maguire, H. P. 1987. Earth and Ocean: The Terrestrial World in Early Byzantine Art. University Park, Penn., and London.

________. 1992. “The Mosaics of Nea Moni: An Imperial Reading.” DOP 46:205–14.

________. 1995. “Magic and the Christian Image.” In Byzantine Magic, edited by H. P. Maguire. Washington, D.C.

________. 1996. The Icons of Their Bodies: Saints and Their Images in Byzantium. Princeton.

________. 2000. “The Cult of the Mother of God in Private.” In Mother of God.

Makk, F. 1975. Traduction et commentaire de l’homélie écrite probablement par Théodore le Syncelle sur le siège de Constantinople en 626. Acta Universitatis de Attila Joseph Nominatae. Acta Antiqua et Archaeologica, vol. 19. Opuscula Byzantina, vol. 3. Szeged, Hungary.

Malalas, J. (6th century). 1986. The Chronicle of John Malalas. Translated by E. Jeffreys, M. Jeffreys, and R. Scott, with B. Croke. Melbourne.

Mandel, U. 1988. Kleinasiatische Reliefkeramik der mittleren Kaiserzeit: Die «Oinophorengruppe» und Verwandtes. Berlin.

Mango, C. 1981. “Daily Life in Byzantium.” In 16. Internationaler Byzantinistenkongress, Wien, 4—9. Okt. 1981: Akten. Vol. 1. Edited by H. Hunger and W. Horander. Vienna.

________. 1982. “Addendum to the Report on Everyday Life.” JÖB 32, no. 1:247–57.

________. 1984. “The Byzantine Collection” Apollo 119:21–29.

________. 1986. The Art of the Byzantine Empire 312–1453: Sources and Documents. Medieval Academy Reprints for Teaching, vol. 16. Toronto.

________. 1998. “The Origins of the Blachernae Shrine at Constantinople.” In Acta 13 Congressus Internationalis Archaeologiae Christianae, Split-Poreč, September 9–October l, 1994, edited by N. Cambi and E. Marin. Studi di antichità cristiana, vol. 54. Vatican City.

________. 2000. “Constantinople as Theotokoupolis.” In Mother of God.

Maraval, P., ed. 1971. Vie de sainte Macrine. Paris.

Mark the Deacon (5th century). 1913. Life of Porphyry, Bishop of Gaza. Translated by G. F. Hill. Oxford.

Markopoulos, A. 1989. “He Organose tou Scholeiou: Paradose kai Exelixe” [Organization of the school: Tradition and development]. In He Kathemerine Zoe sto Vyzantio: Tomes kai Synecheies [Everyday life in Byzantium: Breaks and continuities], edited by C. Angelidi. Athens.

Marshall, F. H. 1907. Catalogue of the Finger Rings, Greek, Etruscan, and Roman, in the Departments of Antiquities, British Museum. London.

Matantséva, T. 1994. “Les amulettes byzantines contre le Mauvais Oeil du Cabinet des Médailles.” Jahrbuch für Antike und Christentum 17:110–21.

Matheson, S. B. 1994. “The Goddess Tyche.” In Obsession.

Mavrogordato, J., ed. and trans. 1956. Digenes Akrites. Oxford.

Mavropoulou-Tsioumi, C. 1986. The Church of Saint Nicholas Orphanos. Translated by D. Whitehouse. Thessaloniki.

McClanan, A. L. 1997. Empress, Image, State: Imperial Women in the Early Medieval World. Ph.D. diss., Harvard University.

________. 2002. “’Weapons to Probe the Womb’: The Material Culture of Abortion and Contraception in the Early Byzantine Period.” In The Material Culture of Sex, Procreation, and Marriage in Premodern Europe, edited by A. L. McClanan and K. Encarnación. New York.

McDonald, D. R. 1983. The Legend and the Apostle: The Battle for Paul in Story and Canon. Philadelphia.

Metrodora. 1953. Il Libro di Metrodora sulle malattie dllie donne e il ricettario di cosmetica e terapia. Translated and edited by G. del Guerra. Milan.

MFA Annual Report. 1963. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Annual Report. Boston.

________. 1966. The Museum Year: Annual Report of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Boston.

Middle Ages. 1969. Ostoia, V K. 1969. The Middle Ages: Treasures from the Cloisters and the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Exh. cat., Los Angeles County Museum of Art. Los Angeles.

Miller, D. 1968. “Legends of the Icon of Our Lady of Vladimir: A Study of the Development of Muscovite National Consciousness.” Speculum 43:657–70.

________. 1995. “How the Mother of God Saved Moscow from Timur the Lame’s Invasion in. 1395.” Forschungen zur Osteuropäischen Geschichte 50:239–73.

Miller, T. S. 1997. The Birth of the Hospital in the Byzantine Empire. Baltimore and London.

Mirror. 1999. Wixom, W. D., ed. Mirror of the Medieval World. Exh. cat., The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York.

Morgan, C. H. 1942. The Byzantine Pottery. Vol. 11, Corinth. Cambridge, Mass.

Morgan Wing. 1925. Breck, J., and M. Rogers. 1925. The Pierpont Morgan Wing. Exh. cat., The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York.

Mother of God. 2000. Vassilaki, M., ed. The Mother of God: Representations of the Virgin in Byzantine Art. Exh. cat., Benaki Museum. Athens.

Mouriki, D. 1990. “Icons from the Twelfth to the Fifteenth Century.” In Sinai: Treasures of the Monastery of Saint Catherine, edited by K. Manafis. Athens.

Müller, K., ed. 1883. Fragmenta Historicorum Graecorum. 5 vols. Paris.

Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. 1972. The Rathbone Years: Masterpieces Acquired for the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, 1995–1972, and for the St. Louis Art Museum, 1940–1955. Boston.

________. 1981. Masterpieces from the Boston Museum. Boston.

Nauerth, C. 1982. “Nachlese von Thekla-Darstellungen.” In Studien zur spätantiken und frühchristlichen Kunst und Kultur des Orients, edited by G. Koch. Wiesbaden.

Nauerth, C., and R. Warns. 1981. Thekla: Ihre Bilder in der frühchristlichen Kunst. Wiesbaden.

Nelson Gallery Foundation. 1959. Handbook of the Collections in the William Rockhill Nelson Gallery of Art and Mary Atkins Museum of Fine Arts. 4th ed. Kansas City.

Nicol, D. M. 1994. The Byzantine Lady: Ten Portraits 1250–1500. Cambridge.

Nikolakopoulos, G. 1989. “Reflexions sur l’esthétique de la céramique byzantine.” In Recherches sur la céramique byzantine, edited by V. Déroche and J. M. Spieser. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique. Supplément 43:317–26.

Nonnos of Panopolis (5th century). 1962–63. Dionysiaca. Translated by W. H. D. Rouse. Reprint. London.

Nordhagen, J. 1962. “La più antica Eleousa conosciuta.” Bollettino d’Arte 47, no. 4:351–53.

Notopoulos, J. A. 1964. “Akritan Ikonography on Byzantine Pottery.” Hesperia 33:108–33.

Obsession. 1994. Matheson, S. B., ed. An Obsession with Fortune: Tyche in Greek and Roman Art. Exh. cat., Yale University Art Gallery. New Haven.

OCD. 1996. Hornblower, S., and A. Spawforth, eds. The Oxford Classical Dictionary. 3rd ed. Oxford and New York.

ODB. 1991. Kazhdan, A. P., A.-M. Talbot, A. Cutler, T. E. Gregory, and N. P. Ševčenko, eds. 1991. The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium. 3 vols. New York and Oxford.

Ogden, J. 1982. Jewelry of the Ancient World. New York.

Oikonomides, N. 1972. Les listes des préséances byzantines des IXe et Xe siècles. Paris.

________. 1977. “John VIII Palaeologus and the Ivory Pyxis at Dumbarton Oaks.” DOP 31: 329–37

________. 1985. Byzantine Lead Seals. Washington, D.C.

Onasch, K. 1957. “Paraskeva-Studien.” Ostkirchliche Studien 6:121–41.

Orsi, P. 1924. “Giojelli bizantini della Sicilia.” In Mélanges offerts à M. Gustave Schlumberger. Paris.

Pagan and Christian Egypt. 1941. Pagan and Christian Egypt: Egyptian Art from the First to the Tenth Century A.D., Exhibited at the Brooklyn Museum by the Department of Ancient Art, January 23—March 9, 1941, Brooklyn Museum, Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences. Exh. cat., Brooklyn Museum. Brooklyn.

Papalexandrou, A. 2001. “Text in Context: Eloquent Monuments and the Byzantine Beholder.” Word & Image 17, no. 3:259–83.

Papanikola-Bakirtzi, D., and M. Iakovou. 1997. Vyzantine mesaionike Kypros: Vasilissa sten Anatole & Regaina ste Dyse [Byzantine medieval Cyprus: Empress in the East and queen in the West]. Leukosia, Cyprus.

Papanikola-Bakirtzi, D., F. N. Mavrikioy, Ch. Bakirtzis. 1999. Byzantine Glazed Pottery in the Benaki Museum. Athens.

Parca, M. 1996. “Gold Lamellae in the Burton Y. Berry Collection.” In Ancient Jewelry and Archaeology, edited by A. Calinescu. Bloomington, Ind.

Parlasca, K. 1966. Mumienporträts und verwandte Denkmäler. Wiesbaden.

Patlagean, E. 1976. “L’histoire de la femme déguisée en moine et l’évolution de la sainteté féminine à Byzance.” Studi Medievali, 3rd ser., 17:597–623.

________. 1987. “Byzantium in the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries.” In A History of Private Life. Vol. 1, From Pagan Rome to Byzantium, edited by P. Veyne. Cambridge, Mass.

Paton, W. R., trans. 1916. The Greek Anthology. 5 vols. Cambridge, Mass., and London.

Paulinus of Nola (4th–5th century). 1975. The Poems of St. Paulinus of Nola. Translated by P. G. Walsh. New York and Ramsey, N.J.

Pausanias. 1979. Guide to Greece. 2 vols. Translated by P. Levi. New York.

Pelekanides, S., ed. 1973. The Treasures of Mount Athos: Illustrated Manuscripts. Athens.

Peltomaa, L. M. 2001. The Image of the Virgin Mary in the Akathistos Hymn. The Medieval Mediterranean, vol. 35. Leiden and Boston.

Penna, V. 2000. “The Mother of God on Coins and Lead Seals.” In Mother of God.

Pentcheva, B. 2000. “Rhetorical Images of the Virgin: The Icon of the ‘Usual Miracle’ at Blachernai.” Res 38:34–56.

________. 2001. Images and Icons of the Virgin and Their Public in Middle Byzantine Constantinople. Ph.D. diss., Harvard University.

________. 2002. “The Supernatural Protector of Constantinople: The Virgin and Her Icons in the Tradition of the Avar Siege.” Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 26:2–41.

Perdrizet, P. 1922. Negotium perambulans in tenebris. Strasbourg.

Pertusi, A. 1960. Giorgio di Pisidia: Poemi. Studia Patristica et Byzantina, vol. 7. Ettal, Germany.

Peskowitz, M. B. 1997. Spinning Fantasies. Berkeley.

Petitmengin, P., et al. 1981. Pélagie la pénitente. Paris.

Petrie, F. 1927. Objects of Daily Use. London.

PG. 1857–66. J.-P. Migne, comp. 1857–66. Patrologiae cursus completus. Series Graeca. Paris.

Photius (9th century). 1958. The Homilies of Photius, Patriarch of Constantinople. Edited and translated by C. Mango. Cambridge, Mass.

Piccirillo, M. 1993. The Mosaics of Jordan. Edited by P. M. Bikai and T. A. Dailey. Amman, Jordan.

Pichon Catalogue. 1897. Pichon, J., Catalogue des objets antiques. . . de M. le Baron Jérôme Pichon. Paris.

Pilgrimage. 1982. G. Vikan. Byzantine Pilgrimage Art. Exh. cat., Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection. Washington, D.C.

Pintaudi, J.-E. B. R. 1985. El-Fayyum. Milan.

Pitarakis, B. 1996. Les croix-reliquaires en bronze: Recherches sur la production des objects métaliques à Byzance. Ph.D. diss., University of Paris I.

________. 2000. “À propos de la Vierge orante au Christ-Enfant (XIe-XIIe siècles): L’emergence d’un culte.” Cahiers archéologiques 48:45–58.

Polemis, D. 1968. The Doukai: A Contribution to Byzantine Prosopography. London.

Poseljanin, E., ed. 1993. Bogomater’. Polnoe illjustritovannoe opisanie eja zemnoi jizni i posvjastennyh’ eja imenni chudotvornyh’ ikon’ [Mother of God: Fully illustrated edition of her life and of her miracle-working icons]. 2 vols. 1909. Reprint. Saint Petersburg.

Processional Crosses. 1994. Cotsonis, J. A. Byzantine Figural Processional Crosses, edited by S. A. Boyd and H. P. Maguire. Exh. cat., Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection. Washington, D.C.

Procopius (6th century). 1971. Buildings. Translated by H. B. Dewing. Cambridge, Mass.

________. 1981. The Secret History. Translated by G. A. Williamson. Reprint. London.

Prodromus, T. (12th century). 1910. Poèmes prodromique en grec vulgaires. Edited by D. C. Hesseling and H. Pernot. Amsterdam.

Psellus, M. (nth century). 1899. The History of Psellus. Edited by C. Sathas. London.

________. 1953. The Chronographia. Translated by E. R. A. Sewter. New Haven.

________. 1966. Fourteen Byzantine Rulers: The Chronographia. Translated by E. R. A. Sewter. Baltimore.

Quenemoen, C. K. 1996. “Weaving: Feminine Virtue and Economic Reality.” In I, Claudia.

Rahlfs, A., ed. 1975. Septuaginta. 1935. Reprint. Stuttgart.

Randall, R. H., Jr. 1985. Masterpieces of Ivory from the Walters Art Gallery. New York.

Rassart-Debergh, M. 1997. Textiles d’Antinoé (Égypte) en Haute Alsace: Donation E. Guimet. Colmar, France.

Rawson, B. 1991. “Adult-Child Relationships in Roman Society.” In Marriage, Divorce, and Children in Ancient Rome, edited by B. Rawson. Oxford and New York.

Reeksman, L. 1958. “La «dextrarum iunctio» dans l’iconographie romaine et paléochrétienne.” Bulletin de l’Institut Historique Belge de Rome 31:24–95.

RIC. Mattingly, H., and E. A. Sydenham. 1923–94. The Roman Imperial Coinage. 10 vols. London.

Rice, D. T. 1959. Art of Byzantium. London.

________. 1966. “Late Byzantine Pottery at Dumbarton Oaks.” DOP 20:207–19.

Rich Life. 1999. Maguire, E. D. 1999. Weavings from Roman, Byzantine, and Islamic Egypt: The Rich Life and the Dance. Exh. cat., Krannert Art Museum, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Champaign, Ill.

Richter, G. M. A. 1971. Engraved Gems of the Romans. Edinburgh.

Roberts, M. 1989. The Jeweled Style: Poetry and Poetics in Late Antiquity. Ithaca, N.Y.

Robertson, A. S. 1962–82. Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow. Vol. 5, Diocletian (Reform) to Zeno. Oxford.

Robinson, D. M., and E. J. Fluck. 1937. A Study of the Greek Love-Names. Baltimore.

Romans and Barbarians. 1976. Romans and Barbarians: Catalogue of an Exhibition Held at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Dec. 17 1976–February 27, 1977. Exh. cat., Museum of Fine Arts. Boston.

Rom und Byzanz. 1998. Wamser, L., and G. Zahlaas, eds. Rom und Byzanz: Archäologische Kostbarkeiten aus Bayern. Exh. cat., Prähistorische Staatssammlung München. Munich.

Ross, M. C. 1957. “A Byzantine Gold Medallion at Dumbarton Oaks.” DOP 11:247–61.

________. 1959. “A Coptic Marriage Lampstand in Bronze.” The Nelson Gallery and Atkins Museum Bulletin 2, no. 1:1–4.

________. 1962. Catalogue of the Byzantine and Early Mediaeval Antiquities in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection. Vol. 1, Metalwork, Ceramics, Glass, Glyptics, Painting. Washington, D.C.

________. 1965. Catalogue of the Byzantine and Early Mediaeval Antiquities in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection. Vol. 2, Jewelry, Enamels, and Art of the Migration Period. Washington, D.C.

________. 1968. “Jewels of Byzantium.” Arts in Virginia 9, no. 1:12–31.

Ross, M. C., and G. Downey. 1962. “A Reliquary of Saint Marina.” Byzantinoslavica 23:41–44.

Rossi Taibbi, G. 1959. “Vita e opere della Santa Madre Nostra Marina.” In Martirio di Santa Lucia: Vita di Santa Marina, translated and compiled by G. Rossi Taibbi. Vite dei Santi Siciliani, vol. 2. Palermo.

Rudolph, W. 1995. A Golden Legacy: Ancient Jewelry from the Burton Y. Berry Collection at the Indiana University Art Museum. Bloomington and Indianapolis, Ind.

Rudolph, W, and E. Rudolph. 1973. Ancient Jewelry from the Collection of Burton Y. Berry. Bloomington, Ind.

Russell, J. 1982a. “Byzantine Instrumenta Domestica from Anemurium: The Significance of Context.” In City, Town, and Countryside in the Early Byzantine Era, edited by R. L. Hohlfelder. Boulder, Colo., and New York.

________. 1982b. “The Evil Eye in Early Byzantine Society.” JÖB 32, no. 3:539–48.

________. 1995. “The Archaeological Context of Magic in the Early Byzantine Period.” In Byzantine Magic, edited by H. P. Maguire. Washington, D.C.

Russian Icons. 1988. Teteriatnikov, N. 1988. Russians Icons of the Golden Age: 1400–1700. Exh. cat., Juniata College. Huntingdon, Penn.

Rutschowscaya, M.-H. 1986. Catalogue des bois de l’Egypte copte. Paris.

________. 1990. Coptic Fabrics. Translated by A. Stephenson et al. Paris.

Rydén, L. 1982. “Style and Historical Fiction in the Life of Saint Andreas Salos." JÖB 32, no. 2:175–83.

________. 1985. “The Bride-Shows at the Byzantine Court—History or Fiction?” Eranos 83: 175–91.

Salway, B. 1994. “What’s in a Name? A Survey of Roman Onomastic Practice from c. 700 B.C. to A.D. 700.” Journal of Roman Studies 84: 124–45.

Saradi, H. 1995. Aspects of the Classical Tradition in Byzantium. Toronto.

Schlumberger, G. 1862. Mélanges d’archéologie byzantine. Paris.

________. 1884. Sigillographie de l’empire byzantin. Paris.

________. 1895. “Un «polycandelon» byzantin.” In Mélanges d’archéologie byzantine. Paris.

Schneelmelcher, W. 1965. The New Testament Apocrypha. Vol. 2. Philadelphia.

Schrader, J. L. 1970. “An Ivory Koimesis Plaque of the Macedonian Renaissance.” Bulletin—The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston 3.

Schurr, E. 1997. Die Ikonographie der Heiligen. Dettelbach, Germany.

Sear, D. R. 1974. Byzantine Coins and Their Values. London.

Segall, B. 1941. “The Dumbarton Oaks Collection.” American Journal of Archaeology 45:13.

Seibt, W. 1976. Die Skleroi: Eine prosopographischsigilographische Studie. Vienna.

________. 1985. “Der Bildtypus der Theotokos Nikopoios.” Byzantina 13:551–64.

Sendler, E. 1992. Les icônes byzantines de la Mère de Dieu. Paris.

Ševčenko, N. P. 1974. “Some Thirteenth-Century Pottery at Dumbarton Oaks.” DOP 28:353–60.

________. 1991. “Icons in the Liturgy.” DOP 45: 45–57

Shelton, K. J. 1979. “Imperial Tyche.” Gesta 18, no. 1:27–38.

________. 1981. The Esquiline Treasure. London.

Silver from Early Byzantium. 1986. Mango, M. M. Silver from Early Byzantium: The Kaper Koraon and Related Treasures. With technical contributions by C. E. Snow and T. Drayman Weisser. Exh. cat., Walters Art Gallery. Baltimore.

Simocatta, T. (6th–7th century). 1986. The “History” of Theophylact Simocatta: An English Translation with Introduction and Notes. Translated by Michael Whitby and Mary Whitby. Oxford.

Simon, E. 1986. Die Konstantinischen Deckengemälde in Trier. Mainz am Rhein.

Siviero, R. 1954. Gli ori e le amber del Museo Nazionale di Napoli. Florence.

Slim, L. 1996. “Venus, Toilette, and Triumph.” In Mosaics of Roman Africa, edited by M. Blanchard-Lemée. New York.

Smith, R. R. R. 1999. “Late Antique Portraits in a Public Context: Honorific Statuary at Aphrodisias in Caria.” Journal of Roman Studies 89:155–89.

Smythe, D. 1997. “Women as Outsiders.” In Women, Men, and Eunuchs: Gender in Byzantium, edited by L. James. London and New York.

Sobel, H. 1990. Hygieia: Die Göttin der Gesundheit. Darmstadt, Germany.

Sode, C. 1997. Byzantinische Bleisiegel in Berlin II/mit Unterstützung durch Paul Speck bearbeitet von Claudia Sode. Bonn.

Soren, D. 1985. “An Earthquake on Cyprus: New Discoveries from Kourion.” Archaeology 38, no. 2:52–59.

Sotheby’s London. 1931. Catalogue of Egyptian, Greek, Roman, South American, Arabian, and Indian Antiquities. July 27.

________. 1937. Catalogue of the Superb Collection of Rings Formed by the Late Monsieur E. Guilhou of Paris. November 9–12.

Sotheby’s New York. 1987. Antiquities and Islamic Works of Art with Property from the Joseph Ternbach Collection. November 24–25.

________. 2001. Egyptian, Classical, and Western Asiatic Antiquities. Including Property from the Collection of the Late Marion Schuster, Lausanne. December 7.

Spätantike und Frühes Christentum. 1983. Beck, H., and P. C. Bol, eds. Spätantike und Frühes Christentum: Ausstellung im Liebieghaus, Museum alter Plastik, Frankfurt am Main: 16. Dezember 1983 bis 11. März 1984. Exh. cat., Museum Liebieghaus. Frankfurt am Main.

Spier, J. 1993. “Medieval Byzantine Magical Amulets and Their Tradition.” Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 56:25–62.

Spieser, J.-M. 1972. “Collection Paul Canellopoulos.” Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 96:117–35.

Spink Auction. 1998. Byzantine Seals from the Collection of George Zacos, Part I. London, Auction 127. October 7.

Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Kassel. 1980. Antiker Schmuck: vollständiger Katalog der Sammlung und der Sonderausstellung vom 31.5 bis 13.8. 1980. Edited by F. Naumann. Kassel.

St. Clair, A. 1996. “Imperial Virtue: Questions of Form and Function in the Case of Four Late Antique Statuettes.” DOP 50:147–62.

Steenbock, F. 1983. “Ein fürstliches Geschenk.” In Studien zum europäischen Kunsthandwerk: Festschrift Yvonne Hackenbroch, edited by J. Rasmussen. Munich.

Stern, H. 1953. Le calendrier de 354: Étude sur son texte et ses illustrations. Paris.

Stornajolo, C. 1910. Miniature delle omilie di Giacomo monaco (cod. Vat. gr. 1162) e dell’evangeliario greco Urbinate (cod. Vat. urbin. gr. 2). Rome.

Stout, A. M. 1994. “Jewelry as a Symbol of Status in the Roman Empire.” In The World of Roman Costume, edited by J. L. Sebesta and L. Bonfante. Madison, Wis.

Survival of the Gods. 1987. Brown University Department of Art and David Winton Bell Gallery, Brown University. Survival of the Gods: Classical Mythology in Medieval Art: An Exhibition. Exh. cat., Bell Gallery, List Art Center, Brown University. Providence.

Swarzenski, H. 1941. “The Dumbarton Oaks Collection.” Art Bulletin 23: 78.

Talbot, A.-M. 1992. “Women.” In The Byzantines, edited by G. Cavallo. Chicago.

________. 1994. “Epigrams of Manuel Philes on the Theotokos Tes Peges and Its Art.” DOP 48:135–66.

________. 2001a. “Building Activity in Constantinople under Andronikos II: The Role of Women Patrons in the Construction and Restoration of Monasteries.” In Byzantine Constantinople: Monuments, Topography, and Everyday Life, edited by N. Necipoglu. Leiden, Boston, and Cologne.

________. 2001b. Women and Religious Life in Byzantium. Aldershot, England, and Burlington, Vt.

________, ed. 1996. Holy Women in Byzantium: Ten Saints’Lives in English Translation. Washington, D.C.

________, ed. 1998. Byzantine Defenders of Images: Eight Saints’Lives in Translation. Washington, D.C.

Talbot Rice, T. 1963. Russian Icons. New York.

Tatar, M. 1987. The Hard Facts of the Grimms’ Fairy Tales. Princeton.

Tatić-Djurić, M. 1976. “Eleousa: À la recherche du type iconographique.” JÖB 25:259–67.

Temple Gallery Icons. 1969. Annual Exhibition of Icons, 21st May—July 25th 1969. Exh. cat., Temple Gallery. London.

Ternbach Collection. 1981. Merhav, R. A Glimpse into the Past: The Joseph Ternbach Collection. Exh. cat., The Israel Museum. Jerusalem.

Theophanes (8th–9th century). 1997. The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor: Byzantine and Near Eastern History AD 184–813. Translated by C. Mango and R. Scott. Oxford and New York.

Thomas, E. B. 1987. “Eine frühbyzantinische Laufgewichtsbüste im Germanischen Nationalmuseum.” Anzeiger des Germanischen Nationalmuseums und Berichte aus dem Forschungsinstitut für Realienkunde 1987:151–59.

Thompson, D. 1971. Coptic Textiles in the Brooklyn Museum. New York.

Thompson, D. L. 1982. Mummy Portraits in the J. Paul Getty Museum. Malibu.

Tougher, S. F. 1997. “Byzantine Eunuchs: An Overview, with Special Reference to Their Creation and Origin.” In Women, Men, and Eunuchs: Gender in Byzantium, edited by L. James. London and New York.

Toynbee, J. M. C. 1951. “Roma and Constantinopolis in Late-Antique Art from 365 to Justin II.” In Studies Presented to David Moore Robinson on His Seventieth Birthday, edited by G. E. Mylonas. St. Louis.

________. 1986. Roman Medallions. Numismatic Studies, vol. 5. New York.

Treadgold, W. T. 1979. “The Bride-Shows of the Byzantine Emperors.” Byzantion 49:395–413.

Treasures of Mt. Athos. 1997. Exh. cat., Organization for the Cultural Capital of Europe. Thessaloniki.

Trésors d’orfèvrerie. 1989. Trésors d’orfèvrerie galloromains. Exh. cat., Musée National du Luxembourg, Paris, and Musée de la Civilisation Gallo-Romaine, Lyon. Paris.

Trombley, F. R. 1978. “The Council in Trullo (691–692): A Study of the Canons Relating to Paganism, Heresy, and the Invasions.” Comitatus 9:1–19.

________. 1985. “Paganism in the Greek World at the End of Antiquity: The Case of Rural Anatolia and Greece.” Harvard Theological Review 78, nos. 3–4:327–52.

Trypanis, C. A. 1968. Fourteen Early Byzantine Cantica. Wiener Byzantinische Studien, vol. 5. Vienna.

Turner, E. G. 1977. The Typology of the Early Codex. Philadelphia.

Underwood, P. A. 1966. The Kariye Djami. 4 vols. New York and Princeton.

Urbaniak-Walczak, K. 1992. Die «Conceptio per Aurem»: Untersuchungen zum Marienbild in Ägypten unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Malereien in El-Bagawat. Altenberge, Germany.

Usener, H., ed. 1886. “Acta S. Marinae et S. Christophori.” In Festschrift zur fünften Saecularfeier der Carl-Ruprechts-Universität zu Heidelberg. Bonn.

Van der Horst, P. W. 1998. “Sortes: Sacred Books as Instant Oracles in Late Antiquity.” In The Use of Sacred Books in the Ancient World, edited by P. W van der Horst, H. W Havelaar, and L. Teugels. Contributions to Biblical Exegesis and Theology, vol. 22. Leuven.

Van Lantschoot, A. 1956. “Une collection sahidique de «sortes sanctorum.»” Le Muséon 69:36–52.

Vassilaki, M. 2001. “Working Drawings: Research and Study Program.” Mouseio Benaki 1:79–86.

Vassilaki, M., and N. Tsironis. 2000. “Representations of the Virgin and Their Association with the Passion of Christ.” In Mother of God.

Verdier, P. 1960. “An Early Christian Polycandelon from Constantinople.” Bulletin of the Walters Art Gallery 12:2–3.

Vermeule, C. C. 1959. The Goddess Roma in the Art of the Roman Empire. Cambridge, Mass.

________. 1964a. “Greek and Roman Portraits in North American Collections Open to the Public.” Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 108, no. 2:99–134.

________. 1964b. “Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Sculptures in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.” American Journal of Archaeology 68: 323–41.

________. 1971. “Recent Museum Acquistions: Greek, Etruscan, Roman Gold and Silver—II: Hellenistic to Late Antique Gold and Silver.” Burlington Magazine 113:397–406.

________. 1974a. Greek and Roman Sculpture in Gold and Silver. Boston.

________. 1974b. “Ten Greek and Roman Portraits in Kansas City.” Apollo 99:312–19.

________. 1978. Roman Art: Early Republic to Late Empire. Boston.

________. 1981. Greek and Roman Sculpture in America: Masterpieces in Public Collections in the United States and Canada. Malibu and Berkeley.

Vermeule, C. C., and A. Brauer. 1990. Stone Sculptures: The Greek, Roman, and Etruscan Collections of the Harvard University Art Museums. Cambridge, Mass.

Vermeule, C. C., and M. B. Comstock. 1972. Greek and Roman Portraits, 470 BC–AD 500. Boston.

________. 1988. Sculpture in Stone and Bronze: Additions to the Collections of Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Art, 1971–1988, in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Boston.

Vikan, G. 1982. Byzantine Pilgrimage Art. Washington, D.C.

________. 1984. “Art, Medicine, and Magic in Early Byzantium.” DOP 38:65–86.

________. 1990. “Art and Marriage in Early Byzantium.” DOP 44:145–63.

________. 1992a. “Two Byzantine Amuletic Armbands and the Group to Which They Belong.” The Journal of the Walters Art Gallery 49, no. 50:33–51.

________. 1992b. Objects of Byzantine Daily Life in the Menil Collection. Unpublished manuscript, The Menil Collection, Houston.

________. 1995. “Icons and Icon Piety in Early Byzantium.” In Byzantine East, Latin West: Art-Historical Studies in Honor of Kurt Weitzmann, edited by C. Moss and K. Kiefer. Princeton.

Vikan, G., and J. Nesbitt. 1980. Security in Byzantium: Locking, Sealing, and Weighing. Washington, D.C., and Houston.

Vinson, M. 1999. “The Life of Theodora and the Rhetoric of the Byzantine Bride Show.” JÖB 49:31–60.

Volbach, W. F. 1976. Elfenbeinarbeiten der Spätantike und des frühen Mittelalters. Mainz am Rhein.

Von Heintze, H. F. 1968. Die antiken Porträts in Schloss Fasanerie bei Fulda. Mainz am Rhein.

________. 1971. Roman Art. New York.

Von Sydow, W. 1969. Zur Kunstgeschichte des spätantiken Porträts im 4. Jahrhundert n. Chr. Bonn.

Vostchinina, A. 1974. Musée de l’Hermitage: Le portrait romain. Leningrad.

Waelkens, M. 1986. Die kleinasiatischen Türsteine: Typologische und epigraphische Untersuchungen der kleinasiatischen Grabreliefs mit Scheintür. Mainz am Rhein.

Walker, A. 2001. “A Reconsideration of Early Byzantine Marriage Rings.” In Between Magic and Religion: Interdisciplinary Studies in Ancient Mediterranean Religion and Society, edited by S. R. Asirvatham, C. O. Panache, and J. Waltrous. New York.

________. 2002. “Myth and Magic in Early Byzantine Marriage Jewelry: The Persistence of Pre-Christian Traditions.” In The Material Culture of Sex, Procreation, and Marriage in Premodern Europe, edited by A. L. McClanan and K. Rosoff Encarnación. New York.

Wallace-Hadrill, A. 1996. “Engendering the Roman House.” In I, Claudia.

Walter, C. 1979. “Marriage Crowns in Byzantine Iconography.” Zograf 10:83–91.

________. 1995. “The Portrait of Saint Paraskeve.” Byzantinoslavica 56, no. 4:753–57.

Wamser, L., and G. Zahlhaas. 1998. Rom und Byzanz: Archäologische Kostbarkeiten aus Bayern. Munich.

Wander, S. 1973. “The Cyprus Plates: The Story of David and Goliath.” Metropolitan Museum Journal 8:89–104.

Warns, R. 1986. “Weitere Darstellungen der heiligen Thekla.” Studien zur frühchristlichen Kunst. Wiesbaden.

Webb, R. 1997. “Salome’s Sisters: The Rhetoric and Realities of Dance in Late Antiquity and Byzantium.” In Women, Men, and Eunuchs: Gender in Byzantium, edited by L. James. London and New York.

Webster, L., and M. Brown, eds. 1997. The Transformation of the Roman World: AD 400–900. Los Angeles.

Weitzmann, K. 1960. “The Survival of Mythological Representations in Early Christian and Byzantine Art and Their Impact on Christian Iconography.” DOP 14:43–68.

________. 1972. Catalogue of the Byzantine and Early Mediaeval Antiquities in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection. Washington, D.C.

Weitzmann, K., and M. Bernabo. 2002. The Byzantine Octateuchs. Princeton.

Weitzmann-Fiedler, J. 1966. “Zur Illustration der Margareten Legende.” Münchner Jahrbuch der bildenden Kunst, 3rd ser., 17:17–48.

Wellesz, E. 1955–56. “The Akathistos: A Study in Byzantine Hymnography.” DOP 9–10:143–74.

Wessel, K. 1965. Coptic Art. Translated by S. Hatton. New York.

Westermann, W. L. 1924. “The Castanet Dancers of Arsinoe.” Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 10:134–44.

Williams, D., and J. Ogden. 1994. Greek Gold: Jewellery of the Classical World. London.

Williamson, P. 1983–84. “Daniel between the Lions: A New Sardonyx Cameo for the British Museum.” Jewelry Studies 1:37–39.

Winkler, J. J. 1991. “The Constraints of Eros.” In Magika Hiera: Ancient Greek Magic and Religion, edited by C. A. Faraone and D. Obbink. New York and Oxford.

Winlock, H. E., W E. Crum, and H. G. Evelyn-White. 1926. The Monastery of Epiphanius at Thebes. New York.

Wulff, O. 1909. Altchristliche und mittelalterliche byzantinische und italienische Bildwerke. Part 1. Berlin.

Yegül, F. 1981. “A Roman Lady from a Southern California Collection.” The J. Paul Getty Museum Journal 9:63–68.

Zacos, G. 1984. Byzantine Lead Seals. Vol. 2. Compiled and edited by J. W Nesbitt. Bern.

Zacos, G., and A. Veglery. 1960. “Marriage Solidi of the Fifth Century.” The Numismatic Circular 68, no. 4:73–74.

________. 1972. Byzantine Lead Seals. Vol. 1. Basel.

Zanker, P. 1995. The Mask of Socrates: The Image of the Intellectual in Antiquity. Translated by A. Shapiro. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and Oxford.

Zosimus (6th century). 1982. New History. Translated by R. T. Ridley. Canberra.

Previous chapter Next chapter

Base text size -

Chapter images ()