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Index
Jenny F. So
Description: Early Chinese Jades in the Harvard Art Museums
Early Chinese Jades in the Harvard Art Museums
Index
Author
Jenny F. So
PublisherHarvard Art Museums
Copyright© 2019 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College
https://doi.org/10.37862/aaeportal.00041.016
Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-18076
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Index
Catalogue entries are indicated by italic page numbers; figures are indicated by an “f” following the page numbers.
Academia Sinica (Taipei), 104, 108
Anxiang (Hunan province), 292
Anyang (Henan province), 101, 110, 116, 118, 120, 124, 145, 148, 149, 153, 166, 168
Anyang Hougang sites, 108
Anyang Huayuanzhuang (M54) site, 94, 104, 120, 124, 140, 146
Anyang Xiaotun (M5) site, 104, 105, 107–10, 114, 120, 124, 126, 136, 140, 147, 150, 151, 162, 162f, 176, 177f. See also Fu Hao
Anyang Yinxu sites, 258
Arthur M. Sackler Gallery (Smithsonian Institution), 51, 67, 78, 116, 196, 236, 244, 282, 288, 296
Asian Art Museum (San Francisco), 236, 324
Ba community, 146, 154, 172, 174
Baoji (Shaanxi province), 146, 153, 194, 220
Baoshan sites, 238, 268
Bashadar (South Siberia), 238
Beidongshan tombs, 266
Beijing, 187, 280, 309
Bi Yuan, 309, 318
Black Tortoise of the North, 273, 298
Blackstone Expeditions (1908–10), 65, 67
British Museum (London), 55, 61, 240
Bronze Age, 51, 54, 55, 62, 66, 74, 84, 88, 96, 104–11, 114, 116, 124, 126, 134, 151, 153
Brundage Collection (Asian Art Museum, San Francisco), 236
Buddhist practices, 305–6, 313
Caoxieshan, 61
Capital Museum (Beijing), 318
Chahai (Liaoning province), 49
Chang’an Zhangjiapo (Shaanxi province), 146, 174, 176f
Changfeng (Anhui province), 206, 212, 236, 265, 268, 269
Changlegong (Palace of Lasting Happiness), 271
Changqing Shuangrushan (Shandong province), 267
Changsha sites (Hunan province), 268, 282
Chaohu sites (Anhui province), 267, 298
Chen Mengjia, 126
Chengdu (Yangzi River valley), 66–67, 67f, 146, 162
Chengziya (Shandong province), 63, 64
Chifeng Hongshanhou (Behind the Red Mountain, Inner Mongolia), 49–50
Chinese Turkestan, 20
Chu (state), 186, 212, 214, 234, 236, 244, 263, 265–68, 282, 288
Chunqiu (Spring and Autumn Chronicles), 191
Cleveland Museum of Art, 217
Confucius, 189, 190, 193, 263, 306, 309
Cuo, King, 220, 226
Dabuzishan (Gansu province), 192
Dadianzi site (Inner Mongolia), 74, 110
Dahekou (Shanxi province), 154, 172, 174, 177f
Dai, Lady, 186
Dai, Marquis of, 267
Daming Palace (Xi’an), 296, 306–7
Dane Collection, Ernest H. and Helen Pratt (Harvard Art Museums), 10, 19, 19f, 25, 30, 90f, 278, 280, 281, 282, 291, 303, 312, 312
Daoist ideology, 269, 271, 306, 307, 318
Dasikongcun II site, 104
Datong (Shanxi province), 22
Dawenkou community, 54, 63, 64
Dayi, King, 126
Dengfeng (Henan province), 154
Dian population, 105
Dingshadi (Jiangsu province), 20, 23
Dingxian mausoleums, 265
Dingzhou (Hebei province), 305
Divine Numinous Platform (Shenmingtai), 271
Dog Barbarians (Quan Rong), 185
Dongshanzui (Liaoning province), 50, 50f
Dou Wan (consort to Liu Sheng), 265, 292
Dream of the Red Chamber, 313
Duan Fang, 76
Eastern Han period, 272, 294, 298, 306, 324
Eastern Zhou period, 154, 160, 168, 182, 185–89, 191, 194–99, 206, 214, 222, 224, 226
archer’s thumb rings, 250–52, 251
beads, 228–31, 229–31
belt hooks, 246–48, 247
bi-disks, 278–80, 279, 281, 282–84, 283, 285
bird motif, 236–38, 237, 240–42, 241
comma motif, 206, 207
dragon motif, 206, 207–8, 210–12, 211, 213, 214–16, 215, 228–31, 229–30
feline motif, 214–17, 216–18, 220–22, 221, 240–42, 241
figures, 234, 235
fish motif, 220–22, 221
plaques, 258–60, 261
plastic curl motif, 224–26, 225–27, 228–31, 231
ring with spiral fluting, 35, 36, 244, 245
Egypt, 156, 201
Erlitou compound (Yanshi, Henan province), 66, 90, 94, 101–3, 102f, 105–7, 110, 120, 122, 130, 147, 149, 150, 199
Eumorfopoulos, George, 55
Eurasia, 174, 176, 201, 238, 254
Famen Temple (Fufeng), 305
Fangshan Liulihe (Hebei province), 146, 258
Fanshan sites (Zhejiang province), 58–62
Fen River, 66, 153, 155
Fengxi (Wei River valley), 153
Fengxiang (Shaanxi province), 294, 294f
Field Museum (Chicago), 63
First Emperor’s Supreme Forest Preserve (Shanglinyuan), 271
Five Hegemons and Seven Contenders (local lords), 185
Fountain of Ultimate Essence (Taiyechi), 271
Freer, Charles L., 55, 65
Freer Gallery of Art (Smithsonian Institution), 51, 55, 59, 63, 67, 76, 78, 82, 126, 148, 216, 222, 244, 248, 288, 305
Fu Hao, 104, 105, 114, 116, 120, 126, 136, 147, 151, 195. See also Anyang Xiaotun (M5) site
Fufeng (Shaanxi province), 149, 149f, 192
Fuquanshan sites (Shanghai), 58
Fuxin Hutougou (Liaoning province), 50
Ganquanshan (Jiangsu province), 267
Gansu province, 65, 88
Gaocheng Taixi, 146
Ge Hong, 269, 271
George III (King), 309
“Goddess Temple,” 50
Goryeo tomb, 290
Green Dragon of the East, 273, 298
Guanghan Sanxingdui (Sichuan province), 92
Guangling princes, 267, 272, 292
Guangshan (Henan province), 188
Guangzhou (Canton), 22, 187, 189, 189f, 222, 246, 254, 258, 304
Guishan tombs, 266
Guo Baojun, 194
Guo polity, 146, 150, 153, 154, 160, 194, 195, 258
Guweicun (Henan province), 248
Haihun, Marquis of. See Liu He
Han dynasty, 55, 187, 192, 206, 217, 222, 258, 264–74, 284–92, 296, 298, 305, 309–11, 328
bi-disks, 298, 299
earcups, 38, 288–90, 291
horse motif, 294–96, 356 295, 297. See also Eastern Han period; Western Han period
Han River, 63, 146
Hancheng Liangdaicun (Xi’an), 153–54, 194, 194f, 200, 200f
Hangzhou region, 55
Hanjiang Ganquanshan (Jiangsu province), 267
Harappan lapidaries (Indus valley), 134
Hejiacun (Xi’an), 20
Hengyang sites, 146
Hongshan community, 49–55, 74
Hongtushan (Shandong province), 267
Hotung Collection (London), 217
Hougang sites, 108
Houjiazhuang sites, 104, 108
Houloushan tombs, 266
Houma, 150, 188, 192–93, 197, 240, 242
Huai River, 63
Huaiyang sites, 268
Huang polity, 188
Huangpi Panlongcheng region, 64, 101, 103, 110, 124, 146, 149
Huayuanzhuang (M54) site, 94, 104, 120, 124, 140, 146
Huiguanshan (Zhejiang province), 58
Huixian Guweicun (Henan province), 248
Huizong, Emperor, 307, 309–10
Huo Qubing, 272
Indus valley, 57, 134, 182
Inner Mongolia, 22, 49–50, 54, 74, 110
Inuit hunters, 74
Jiangling Baoshan sites, 238
Jiangling Wangshan (Hubei province), 206, 284
Jiangxi Nanchang tomb, 304–5
Jiangxian Hengshui (Peng polity), 153–54
Jilin province, 290
Jin polity, 126, 146, 150, 152, 153–54, 164, 168, 186, 195, 258
Jincun (Henan province), 186, 222, 265, 288, 305, 326
Jing, Emperor, 272
Jingmen (Hubei province), 64, 84
Jinsha (Yangzi River valley), 67f, 146, 148, 149, 162
Jiuliandun (Hubei province), 234
Joint Harmony period (Gonghe), 185
Jurchen and Qidan conquests, 20
Jurong Dingshadi (Jiangsu province), 20, 23
Juye Hongtushan (Shandong province), 267
Kazuo Dongshanzui (Liaoning province), 50, 50f
Kunshan Shaoqingshan sites (Jiangsu province), 58
Lake Tai area, 57–58, 60, 62, 193
bracelet with eight animal-mask motifs, 76–77, 77
cong with human-face motifs, 18, 25, 78–81, 79
Lantian (Shaanxi province), 310
Leifeng Pagoda (Hangzhou), 306
Li, King, 185
Li Bian, 307
Li Gonglin, 309, 310
Li Ji (Classics of Rituals), 192
Li Xueqin, 126
Liangdaicun (Xi’an), 153–54, 194, 194f, 200, 200f
Liangzhu community, 55–62, 64, 68, 76, 76f, 78, 80, 110, 114, 134, 146, 148, 150, 187, 193, 196
Liao dynasty, 306, 311
Liao River, 49–55, 63
cuff-like ornament, 18, 74, 75
Liaoning province, 50
Linfen Xiajin (Shanxi province), 66
Lingjiatan (Anhui province), 22f, 23, 56–57, 56f, 58, 66, 162
Lingtai Baicaopo (Gansu province), 162
Linzi (Shandong province), 206, 265, 268
Liu Bang (emperor), 266
Liu family, 264–65, 267, 292
Liu Fei (prince), 266, 270, 273
Liu He (Marquis of Haihun), 266–67, 270, 288, 304–5
Liu Hong, 292, 324
Liu Sheng (prince), 222, 265, 272–73, 292
Liulige tombs (Huixian), 186, 222
Longshan Chengziya (Shandong province), 63, 64
Loo, C. T., 216, 278
Lü Dalin, 310
Lu polity, 186
Lu Zigang, 311
Luoyang (Henan province), 42, 43f, 140, 212, 214, 214f, 220, 222, 234, 246, 248, 250, 250f, 258, 264, 273, 278
Luyi Taiqinggong (Henan province), 104, 107, 109, 140, 146, 147, 150
Macartney, Lord, 309
Mancheng (Hebei province), 222, 258, 265, 268, 272–73, 292
Manchu princess, tomb of, 324
Maoling (mausoleum), 296
Marlik site (Iran), 174
Mawangdui (Changsha), 186
Mengcheng Yuchisi sites (Huai River valley), 62
Mengzi (Mencius), 263
Mesopotamia, 182
M5 (Anyang Xiaotun) site, 104, 105, 107–10, 114, 120, 124, 126, 136, 140, 147, 150, 151, 162, 162f, 176, 177f. See also Fu Hao
M54 (Anyang Huayuanzhuang) site, 94, 104, 120, 124, 140, 146
Ming dynasty, 304–11, 316, 324
cylindrical cup, 324, 325
dragon motif, 320, 321–23
Minhe Lajia (Qinghai province), 90
Mongolian ethnic regalia, 155
Mount Hua spirit, 268
Musée Cernuschi (Paris), 96–99, 226
Musée Guimet (Paris), 51
Nanchang (Jiangxi province), 266–67, 288
Nanyue, King of, 188–89, 194, 196, 217, 265, 270, 304
Nanyue Wang, 189, 189f, 195f, 246, 254, 265, 266f, 269
National Museum of China (Beijing), 61
Needham, Joseph, 96
Neolithic communities: arm or wrist ornaments, 96–99, 96f, 97–98, 99f
bracelet with eight animal-mask motifs, 76–77, 77
cicada ornament, 84–87, 85
cong with human-face motifs, 78–81, 79
cuff-like ornament, 74, 75
disk with ancient repair, 88–90, 88f, 89
forked blade (zhang), 92–94, 93
knife blades, 88–90, 90f, 91
in Liao River valley, 49–55
staff finial, 82, 83
tablet with human image, 94, 94f
tapering tablet (gui), 92–94, 95
tiger ornament, 84–87, 85
tools used by, 22, 23
in Yangzi-Huai River valleys, 55–62
in Yangzi-Yellow River valleys, 63–69. See also specific groups and regions
Ningxia province, 88
Ningxiang sites, 146
Niuheliang (Liaoning province), 50–53f, 50–55, 74, 162
Northern Song period, 194, 305, 309
Oertzen Collection (Johannesburg), 226, 240
Ouyang Xiu, 309
Palace Museum (Beijing), 240, 307, 316, 324
Palace of Boundless Pleasures (Weiyang-gong), 271
Palace of Lasting Happiness (Changlegong), 271
Pearl River, 62, 187, 265
Peng polity, 146, 153–54
Pingdingshan (Henan province), 154
Pingshan (Hebei province), 186, 191, 212, 220, 226
Qi burials, 165
Qian Chu, 306
Qianlong (emperor), 20, 25, 77, 194, 278, 307–9, 311–13
Qianshan Xuejiagang (Anhui province), 56
Qidan and Jurchen conquests, 20
Qidan elite, 306, 311
Qijia. See Qinghai Autonomous Region
Qijiaping (Gansu province), 160
Qin dynasty, 150, 160, 187, 192, 194, 199, 220, 240, 252, 263–65, 268, 296
Qin Zhaoxiang Wang, 191
Qing dynasty, 20, 76–77, 278, 304, 306, 309–13, 316
cylindrical cup, 324, 325
dragon motif, 320, 321–23
Qinghai Autonomous Region (Qijia), 65, 68, 147–49, 160
Qinghai province, 88, 90, 290
Qingpu Fuquanshan sites (Shanghai), 58
Qishan site (Wei River valley), 148
Qu Yuan, 271
Quan Rong (Dog Barbarians), 185
Qufu (Shandong province), 186, 246, 267–69, 294f
Qujiang Lake (park), 296
Red River (Vietnam), 67, 149
Rizhao Liangchengzhen (Shandong province), 63
Royal Ontario Museum of Art (Toronto), 76, 77, 96–99, 118
Rui, Duke of, 194, 195, 196
Rui polity, 146, 150, 153–54, 164
Ruicheng Qingliangsi (Shanxi province), 66, 66f, 96
Russia, 155, 194
Sackler Gallery. See Arthur M. Sackler Gallery
Sanmenxia (Henan province), 155f, 160, 182, 194
Sanxingdui (Yangzi River valley), 66–67, 90, 124, 146, 149, 154, 193
Shaanxi History Museum and Archaeological Institute (Xi’an), 65–66
Shanbiaozhen (Huixian), 186
Shandong sites, 104, 149, 268, 282, 284, 288, 294
Shang period, 68, 94, 104, 105, 107, 109, 130–32, 136, 140, 145–51, 153, 164, 166, 168, 170, 174, 176, 199, 234, 250
ancestor or spirit tablets, 130–32, 131–33
beads, 134, 134f, 135
bear motif, 166–68, 167, 168f
bird motif, 170–72, 170f, 171
bracelet, 114, 115
buffalo motif, 136, 137, 140, 142, 168f
disk-axe, 120, 121
dragon motif, 136, 137
engraving tool, 136, 137
fish motif, 170–72, 171, 172f
ge-halberd blades, 122–24, 123, 125, 126, 127
pendant ornaments, 170–72, 171
pigment container, 31, 140, 142
scoop, 140, 141
silkworm motif, 170–72, 171, 172f
standing figures, 162–64, 163, 164f
tortoise motif, 166–68, 167
wrist or arm ornaments, 37, 116–18, 117, 119
Shanghai Museum, 226, 298
Shanxi province, 22, 65, 66, 292
Shanxian Sanmenxia (Guo polity), 153
Shaoqingshan sites (Jiangsu province), 58
Shenmu region (Shaanxi province), 65f, 66, 67, 81, 90, 92, 94, 148
forked blade (zhang), 18, 92–94, 93
knife blades, 88–90, 90f, 91
tapering tablet (gui), 23, 92–94, 95
Shijiahe (or Hubei Longshan) communities, 64–65, 96–99, 105, 147, 149, 150, 151, 238
eagle-shaped ornament, 84, 84f
tiger ornament, 84–87, 85
Shijing (Classics of Poetry), 190, 191
Shimao (Shaanxi province), 18, 66, 92–94, 93
Shimen sites, 146
Shizishan tombs, 217, 266
Shouxian (Anhui province), 244, 265
Shun (descendant of Yellow Emperor), 316
Silk Road, 20, 266
Six Ceremonial Jades (liurui), 150, 192
Six Dynasties, 290, 305
earcups, 38, 288–90, 291
Six Ritual Jades (liuqi), 192
Song period, 195, 246, 252, 310, 318
hair-knot ornament, 318, 319
Songze sites, 56
Sonnenschein, Edward and Louise B., 55
Sonnenschein Collection (Art Institute of Chicago), 51, 55, 67, 78, 90, 106, 187, 238
Southeast Community (Yangzi-Huai River valleys), 55–62, 77, 212
Southern Song family, 307, 320
Spring and Autumn Chronicles (Chunqiu), 191
Subutun site, 104
Suizhou (Hubei province), 197, 199, 231, 240–42, 286
Summer Olympics medals (Beijing, 2008), 17, 18f, 313
Suzhou, 23, 23f
Sweden, King of, 67
Taipei, imperial collection in, 280
Taiqinggong (Henan province), 104, 107, 109, 140, 146, 147, 150
Taiyuan (Shanxi province), 22, 197, 231
Taizong (emperor), 307
Tang dynasty, 195, 296, 303, 305–7, 310, 318
horse motif, 294–96, 295, 297
Tao River, 148–49
Taosi region, 94, 110
Tengzhou Qianzhangda site, 104, 109, 146, 147
Tianjin tomb, 309
Tianma-Qucun (Shanxi province), 126, 150, 152, 152f, 153, 154, 154f, 155, 182, 182f, 294
Tianmen sites, 84
Tibetan ethnic regalia, 155
Tutankhamun (Egyptian king), 201
Twelve Auspicious Symbols, 306
Uighur population, 307–9
Umehara Sueji, 324
Ur, ornamental traditions of, 156
Vermilion Bird of the South, 273, 298
Victoria and Albert Museum (London), 44, 298
Wang Liyong, 307, 318, 318f
Wangshan (Hubei province), 206, 284
Wangshan sites, 268
Warring States Chronicles (Zhanguoce), 191
Warring States period, 324, 326, 328
Wei period, 324
Wei River, 145, 146, 148, 151, 153, 155, 264
Weiling (Shaanxi province), 263, 272
Weiyanggong (Palace of Boundless Pleasures), 271
Wen Guang, 67–68
Wen Zhenheng, 306, 311
Wenxian (Henan province), 150, 188
Western Han period, 234, 246, 254, 264, 284, 324, 326
belt hooks, 246–48, 247, 249
bi-disks, 37, 282–84, 283, 285
cicada motif, 31, 286, 287
container with gilt-bronze mounts, 36, 292, 293
dragon motif, 206, 208
earcups, 31, 288–90, 289–91
feline motif, 214–17, 216–18, 240–42, 241
figures, 234, 235
scabbard slide, 254, 256–57
sword guard, 254, 255
Western Zhou period, 154, 155, 162, 164, 170, 174, 185, 192, 193, 199, 250, 264, 267, 269
ancestor or spirit tablets, 130–32, 131–33
beaker, 174–76, 175
bird motif, 170–72, 170f, 171, 240–42, 241, 258, 260
fish motif, 170–72, 171, 172f, 258, 259
hare motif, 166–68, 167, 169f
pendants, 170–72, 171, 178–82, 179–81, 183, 258–60, 259–61
silkworm motif, 170–72, 171, 172f
standing figures, 162–64, 164f, 165
White, William Charles, 288
White Tiger of the West, 273, 298
Winthrop Collection, Grenville L. (Harvard Art Museums), 7–12, 13, 17, 29, 31, 32, 33, 37, 44–45, 55, 65, 92, 273, 278, 294, 298, 303, 306, 311, 318
Wu, Emperor, 266, 271, 272, 296
Wu, King, 153
Wu Dacheng, 92, 96, 194, 210
Wuguancun site, 104
Wuhu (Anhui province), 290
Wujin Sidun (Jiangsu province), 60f, 61
Wuwei (Gansu province), 294
Wuxian (Jiangsu province), 57, 61, 309
Wuyang Jiahu (Henan province), 82
staff finial, 82, 82f
Xai Nai, 194
Xi’an (Shaanxi province), 44, 222, 240, 282
Xian Yushu, 310
Xiang Yu (rebel), 264
Xiangfen Taosi (Shanxi province), 66
Xiaotun (M5) site, 104, 105, 107–10, 114, 120, 124, 126, 136, 140, 147, 150, 151, 162, 162f, 176, 177f. See also Fu Hao
Xibeigang tomb, 136
Xichuan Xiasi (Henan province), 188, 188f
Xichuan Xujialing (Henan province), 224, 231
Xilin Pagoda (Shanghai), 305
Xingan Dayangzhou (Jiangxi province), 101, 103, 103f, 105, 110, 114, 116, 134, 146, 149, 197
Xinglongwa (Liaoning province), 49
Xingping (Shaanxi province), 296
Xinhua (Shaanxi province), 65, 65f
Xinjiang region (Central Asia), 20, 68, 77, 110, 309
Xinyang Changtaiguan (Henan province), 189, 189f, 206
Xinyi Huating sites (Huai River valley), 62
Xizong (emperor), 305
Xu polity, 154
Xuyi Dayunshan (Jiangsu province), 224, 266, 273, 282, 286
Xuzhou (Jiangsu province), 224, 244, 246, 258, 266, 268, 272, 282, 288, 304, 324
Yamanaka (dealer), 76, 294
Yan tombs, 146
Yan’an region (Shaanxi province), 92, 106
Yangzhou (Jiangsu province), 272, 292
Yangzi-Huai River valleys, 55–62, 77, 212
Yangzi River valley, 63–69, 84, 101, 105, 108, 110, 124, 146, 149, 150, 153, 236, 242, 258, 267, 268, 286
bracelet with eight animal-mask motifs, 76–77, 77
cicada ornament, 84–87, 85
cong with human-face motifs, 78–81, 79
“demonic” face ornament, 84, 87f
eagle-shaped ornament, 84, 84f
ge-halberd blades, 122–24, 123, 124f, 125
tiger ornament, 84–87, 85
Yaoshan (Zhejiang province), 57–58f, 58–62
Yejiashan (Han River valley), 146, 148
Yellow Emperor, 306, 316
Yellow River valley, 62–69, 88, 90, 94, 99, 105, 110, 116–18, 145–47, 149, 150, 153, 160, 178, 182, 195, 214, 242, 254, 258
ancestor or spirit tablets, 130–32, 131–33
arm or wrist ornaments, 96–99, 96f, 97–98, 99f
axe-blades, 120, 120f
disk with ancient repair, 88–90, 88f, 89
forked blade (zhang), 92–94, 93
ge-halberd blades, 122–24, 122f, 123, 124f, 125
knife blades, 88–90, 90f, 91
pendants, 178–82, 179–81, 183
staff finial, 31, 82, 83
tablet with human image, 94, 94f
tapering tablet (gui), 92–94, 95
Yexian (Henan province), 154
Yi of Zeng, Marquis, 197, 199, 231, 286
Yicheng Dahekou (Shanxi province), 154, 172, 174, 177f
Ying polity, 154
Yinxu sites, 104, 258
Yizong (emperor), 305
Yongtai (princess), 309
You, King, 185
Yu, Emperor, 309
Yü Ying-shih, 264
Yuan, Emperor, 263, 272
Yuan dynasty, 76, 246, 306, 310
Yue (state), 186, 258
Yunnan province, 20, 110
Yurungkash (White Jade River), 20, 20f
Yuyao Hemudu site (Zhejiang province), 55
Zeng burial site (Yejiashan), 148
Zeng (state), 240–42
Zeng Hou Yi, 236, 240, 263
Zhang Qian, 271
Zhangjiapo (Shaanxi province), 146, 174, 176f
Zhanguoce (Warring States Chronicles), 191
Zhao Mengfu, 311
Zhao Mo, 265–66
Zhaolingshan (Jiangsu province), 58, 58f
Zheng He, 311
Zheng of Qin, King, 263–65, 268, 270–72, 294
Zhengzhou period, 101, 103, 105, 122, 149
Zhongshan royalty, 186, 191, 265, 269
Zhou era, 68, 74, 84, 105, 126, 130, 140, 145–56, 178, 185–87, 201, 263, 288, 318. See also Eastern Zhou period; Western Zhou period
Zhou Li (Record of Rites), 59, 149, 192, 193
Zhu Derun, 246–48, 310, 311, 320
Zhuangzi, 263, 264, 268, 271