Checklist of the Exhibition

Townsend, Richard F.

Save Cite Share

Free

Checklist of the Exhibition

Richard F. Townsend (Editor)

The Ancient Americas: Art from Sacred Landscapes

Checklist of the Exhibition

Author

Richard F. Townsend (Editor)

PublisherArt Institute of Chicago

https://doi.org/10.37862/aaeportal.00118.034

Stable URL: https://aaeportal.com/?id=-14459

Checklist of the Exhibition

This list is arranged alphabetically by culture. Unless otherwise noted, dimensions are listed by height, followed by width, followed by depth.

AZTEC

The objects listed below date 1450/1521, unless otherwise noted.

1. Dog. Mexico. Basalt; 36 x 20.3 x 19 cm. James W. and Marilynn Alsdorf Collection (PC 59).

2. Monkey. Mexico. Basalt; 38 x 24 x 24 cm. James W. and Marilynn Alsdorf Collection (PC 60).

3. Coronation stone of Moctezuma II (“Stone of the Five Suns”). Mexico, Tenochtitlan, c. 1503. Basalt; 55.9 x 66 x 22.9 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Major Acquisitions Fund (1990.21). Ill. Aveni essay, fig. 13a–c.

4. Figure of deity Xipe-Totec. Mexico. Ceramic; h. 60 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago. Gift of Florene May Schoenborn and Samuel A. Marx (1960.905).

5. Fire serpent Xiuhcoatl. Mexico, Tetzcoco. Stone; 75.5 x 60.5 x 56.5 cm. The Trustees of the British Museum, London (1825.12–1). Ill. Matos Moctezuma essay, fig. 13.

6. Old earth god Tepeyollotl (“Heart of the Mountain”). Mexico, Tenochtitlan. Stone; 34 x 21.6 x 24 cm. Museum für Völkerkunde, Basel (NR. IV b649). Ill. Matos Moctezuma essay, fig. 12. (The Art Institute of Chicago, only.)

7. Casket with name glyph of Moctezuma II. Mexico, Tetzcoco, c. 1503. Stone; 22 x 24 x 24 cm. INAH–CNCA–MEX, Museo Nacional de Antropología, Mexico City (10–223670/11–3132).

8. Vessel of the Plumed Serpent, Quetzalcoatl (“Cuauhxicalli”). Mexico, Tenochtitlan. Stone; h. 48.3 cm, diam. 94 cm. INAH–CNCA–MEX, Museo Nacional de Antropología, Mexico City (10–1159/11–1111). Ill. Townsend essay, fig. 13.

9. Priest drawing blood for ritual offering. Mexico, Tenochtitlan, c. 1480. Stone; 58.7 x 36.8 (widest) x 30 cm. INAH–CNCA–MEX, Museo Nacional de Antropología, Mexico City (10–116583/11–3787). Ill. Townsend essay, fig. 5.

10. Earth deity Tlatecuhtli. Mexico, Tenochtitlan, 1450/1500. Stone; 61 x 53.3 x 35.6 cm. INAH–CNCA–MEX, Museo Nacional de Antropología, Mexico City (10–81265/11–3473). Ill. Townsend essay, fig. 11a, b.

11. Male figure, possibly an attendant of an earth goddess. Mexico, c. 1450. Ceramic; 156 x 65 cm. INAH–CNCA–MEX, Museo Nacional de Antropología, Mexico City (10–222238/11–5131). Ill. Matos Moctezuma essay, fig. 11.

12. Female figure. Mexico, 1480/1521. Stone; 146 x 40 x 25 cm. INAH–CNCA–MEX, Museo Nacional de Antropología, Mexico City (10–81584/11–3475).

13. Cult mannequin (“Macehual”). Mexico. Basalt; 132.5 x 30.7 x 44.5 cm. INAH–CNCA–MEX, Museo Nacional de las Intervenciones, Churubusco, Mexico (CH-10102–3).

14. Sacrificial knife. Mexico, 1400/1521. Obsidian, silica, and copal; 21.6 x 7.3 x 5 cm. INAH–CNCA–MEX, Museo del Templo Mayor; Mexico City (10–253138).

15. Sacrificial knife. Mexico, 1400/1521. Obsidian, silica, and copal; 18.4 x 7 x 5.1 cm. INAH–CNCA–MEX, Museo del Templo Mayor, Mexico City (10–253139).

16. Sacrificial knife. Mexico, 1400/1521. Obsidian, silica, and copal; 15.2 x 6.7 x 4.8 cm. INAH–CNCA–MEX, Museo del Templo Mayor, Mexico City (10–253099).

17. Incense burner depicting deity. Mexico, 1450/1500. Ceramic; 91 x 76 cm. INAH–CNCA–MEX, Museo del Templo Mayor, Mexico City (133646). Ill. Matos Moctezuma essay, fig. 1.

18. Ritual vessel depicting mask of Tlaloc. Mexico, Tenochtitlan, 1400/1521. Ceramic; 35 x 31 cm. INAH–CNCA–MEX, Museo del Templo Mayor, Mexico City. Ill. Townsend essay, fig. 1, and back cover.

19. Sacrificial cosmological altar. Mexico, Tenochtitlan. Greenstone; h. 49.5, diam. 83.8 cm. Philadelphia Museum of Art, The Louise and Walter Arensberg Collection (1950–134–403). Ill. Matos Moctezuma essay, fig. 14.

20. Xiuhmolpilli, sculpture marking the completion of a fifty-two-year cycle. Mexico, c. 1508. Stone; 30.5 x 31.8 x 61 cm. INAH–CNCA–MEX, Museo Nacional de Antropología, Mexico City (11–3331/10–22091). Ill. Aveni essay, fig. 9.

21. Maskette of Tezcatlipoca. Aztec/Cholula, Mexico, Penon. Ceramic; 11 x 10.5 x 4.5 cm. The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (164569).

22. Maskette of Tlaloc. Aztec/Cholula, Mexico, Penon. Ceramic; 4.5 x 10 x 15 cm. The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (164568).

23. Serpent labret. Aztec/Mixtec, Mexico. Gold; 6.5 x 4.3 cm. Courtesy of The Detroit Institute of Arts. (The Art Institute of Chicago, only.)

CALIMA

The objects listed below date 1300/1500.

24. Ring for ear ornament. Colombia. Gold; diam. 9 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (22.046).

25. Ring for ear ornament. Colombia. Gold; diam. 8.9 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (29.520).

26. Pair of ear spools. Colombia. Gold foil on wood base; each diam. 8.8 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (3394, 3395).

27. Pectoral with face mask and mask pendant. Colombia. Gold; 25.2 x 30.5 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (5370).

28. Plumed diadem with mask and pendants. Colombia. Gold; 31 x 27 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (4833).

29. Ceremonial ear pendant. Colombia. Gold; diam. 15.5 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (56.14).

30. Ceremonial ear pendant. Colombia. Gold; diam. 16 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (56.13).

CHAVIN

The objects listed below date 900/200 bc.

31. Offering vessel. Peru. Steatite; h. 4.8 cm, diam. 16.8 cm. The Brooklyn Museum, The Roebling Society Fund and Dick S. Ramsay Fund (71.23). Ill. Burger essay, fig. 10.

32. Textile fragment with splayed cayman imagery, multiple masks, and serpent motifs. Peru, Ica Valley, Callango. Painted cotton; 89.9 x 62.9 cm. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collections, Washington, D.C. (B-544). Ill. Burger essay, fig. 18.

33. Textile fragment depicting earth goddess. Peru, Ica Valley, Callango. Painted cotton; 27.3 x 78.4 cm. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collections, Washington, D.C. (B-545). Ill. Burger essay, fig. 19.

34. Vessel with incised designs. Peru. Ceramic; 28 x 15.5 x 15 cm. Fowler Museum of Cultural History, University of California, Los Angeles, gift of Mr. and Mrs. Herbert L. Lucas, Jr. (X88–853).

35. Textile fragment depicting masked figures holding staffs. Peru, Karwa. Painted cotton; 241 x 61 cm. Museo Amano, Lima (MA. 3230). Ill. Burger essay, fig. 17.

36. Processional figure displaying human trophy head. Peru. Stone; 75 x 75 x 31.7 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (L-8912).

37. Relief fragment. Peru, Chavín de Huántar. Stone; 33 x 42 x 5 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (L-8771, 1248 50 LXXXII). Ill. Burger essay, fig. 15.

38. Relief fragment with feline design. Peru. Stone; 35.5 x 20.3 x 15 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (835 1241, 27 LXXX U).

39. Tenon head. Peru, Chavín de Huantár. Stone; 31.7 x 49.5 x 38 cm. Museo Arqueológico Rafael Larco Herrera, Lima. Ill. Burger essay, fig. 8.

40. Vessel with appliquéd serpent. Peru. Ceramic; h. 19.4 cm, diam. 14 cm. Arthur M. Sackler Collections, New York (82.6.18).

41. Vessel depicting spread-winged rapacious birds. Peru. Ceramic; 24.1 x 18.3 cm. Arthur M. Sackler Collections, New York (82.6.5).

42. Vessel depicting jaguar, possibly representing a shaman surrounded by hallucinogenic San Pedro cactus. Peru, Cupisnique. Ceramic; 26.7 x 17.8 cm. Munson-Williams-Proctor Institute, Museum of Art, Utica, New York (69.4). Ill. Burger essay, fig. 12.

43. Vessel with seed motif. Peru, Cupisnique. Ceramic; 34.2 x 11.4 x 11.4 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (1/2905, C 54032). Ill. Burger essay, fig. 16.

44. Vessel depicting Spondylus shell. Peru, Cupisnique. Ceramic; 18.4 x 15.5 x 15.5 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (C 54029, 1/2923). Ill. Burger essay, fig. 5.

CHIMU

The objects listed below date 1200/1470, unless otherwise noted.

45. Flask depicting litter bearers. Peru. Ceramic; 19 x 20.5 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, restricted gift of Mrs. Leigh Block (1980.178).

46. Ceremonial knife (tumi). Peru. Gold and turquoise; 34 x 12.7 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Ada Turnbull Hertle Endowment (1963.841).

47. Man’s ceremonial garment set. Peru, 1300/1400. Cotton; mantle 142 x 270 cm; padded hat 35.5 x 30.5 cm, 87 x 65 cm (with ties); band with tassles 306 x 5.5 cm; loincloth 244 x 90 cm; turban center 182 x 132 cm, 99.2 x 24.5 cm (with tabs). Private collection.

48. Plaque depicting confronted figures. Peru, Lambayeque. Gold; 15 x 12 x 2 cm. Museo Arqueológico Bruning, Lambayeque (142-MB).

49. Model of funeral procession. Peru, Chancay, 1400/1500. Silvered copper, textiles, reeds, and feathers; 17.1 x 28 x 64.1 cm. Krannert Art Museum and Kinkead Pavilion, University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana (67–29–303). Ill. McEwan and Van de Guchte essay, fig. 14.

COCLE

The objects listed below date 600/800, unless otherwise noted.

50. Figurine. Panama, Chiriqui, 700/900. Gold; 11.1 x 7.62 cm. American Museum of Natural History. New York (30.0/3334/1915–66).

51. Pendant depicting double dragon. Panama, 700/900. Cast gold with plaster restoration; w. 9.5 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, restricted gift of the Auxiliary Board (1982.1484).

52. Pendant depicting frog. Panama, Venado Beach, 700/900. Gold; 18.26 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Wirt D. Walker Fund Income (1969.792).

53. Plaque depicting ritually attired performer. Panama, Macaracas, 700/900. Gold; 25.1 x 26.7 cm. The Cleveland Museum of Art, John L. Severance Fund (52.459). Ill. Helms essay, fig. 5.

54. Jar with modeled animal features. Panama. Ceramic; 27.3 x 30.4 cm. Private collection. Ill. Helms essay, fig. 7.

55. Jar with dragonlike design. Panama. Ceramic; 33 x 35.5 cm. Private collection. Ill. Helms essay, fig. 8.

56. Pedestal dish depicting figure with sacrificial sting-ray spines. Panama. Ceramic; 24.7 x 14 cm. Private collection.

57. Pedestal bowl depicting dancer wearing crocodile mask. Panama. Ceramic; 33 x 16.5 cm. Private collection. Ill. Helms essay, fig. 15.

58. Pedestal bowl with crouching-frog designs. Panama. Ceramic; 29 x 16.5 cm. Private collection. Ill. Helms essay, fig. 6a, b.

59. Bowl with hammerhead-shark designs. Panama. Ceramic; 37 x 10.1 cm. Private collection. Ill. Helms essay, fig. 10.

60. Bowl depicting dancer. Panama. Ceramic; 26.6 x 9.6 cm. Private collection. Ill. Helms essay, fig. 2.

61. Pedestal bowl with abstract design of aquatic and dragonlike creatures. Panama. Ceramic; 31.7 x 4.12 cm. Private collection. Ill. Helms essay, fig. 16.

62. Plate depicting millipede figure. Panama. Ceramic; 23.4 x 62 cm. Private collection. Ill. Helms essay, fig. 9.

63. Armband depicting confronted felines and raptorial birds. Panama, Sitio Conte, c. 700. Gold; 13 x 16 cm. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts (31–36–20/CI3368). Ill. Helms essay, fig. 14.

64. Helmet depicting animal impersonator. Panama, Sitio Conte, c. 700. Gold; h. 9.5 cm, diam. 21 cm. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts (31–36–20/CI3366). Ill. Helms essay, fig. 3.

65. Plaque depicting human and animal features. Panama, Sitio Conte, c. 700. Gold; 17 x 18.5 cm. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts (30–49–20/C11058). Ill. Helms essay, fig. 13.

66. Plaque with figural relief. Panama, Sitio Conte, c. 700. Gold; 25.5 x 26.5 cm. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts (33–42–20/1612). Ill. Helms essay, fig. 1.

67. Plaque depicting composite animals. Panama, Sitio Conte, c. 700. Gold; 22.5 x 24 cm. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts (33–42–20/1613). Ill. Helms essay, fig. 4.

HUARI

The objects listed below date 500/800, unless otherwise noted.

68. Tunic. Peru. Camelid wool; 109.8 x 119.9 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Kate S. Buckingham Endowment (1955.1784). Ill. Stone-Miller essay, fig. 8. (The Art Institute of Chicago, only.)

69. Tunic fragment. Peru. Camelid wool and cotton; 114 x 104 cm. Private collection. Ill. Stone-Miller essay, fig. 10.

70. Tunic depicting enclosure of felines and assembly of figures. Peru. Camelid wool and cotton; 151.1 x 112.1 cm. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collections, Washington, D.C. (B-501.PT). Ill. Stone-Miller essay, fig. 13.

71. Mantle fragment. Bolivia. Dyed cotton; 112 x 97.5 cm. Henry Art Gallery, University of Washington, Seattle, Harriet Tidball Collection (77.7–1105). Ill. Stone-Miller essay, fig. 5.

72. Tunic fragment. Peru. Camelid wool and cotton; 103.5 x 50.5 cm. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, The Michael C. Rockefeller Memorial Collection, bequest of Nelson A. Rockefeller (1979.206.393). Ill. Stone-Miller essay, fig. 14. (The Art Institute of Chicago and The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, only.)

73. Tunic fragment. Peru. Camelid wool and cotton; 69.9 x 53.3 cm. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, gift of George D. Pratt (1930.16.4). (The Art Institute of Chicago and The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, only.)

74. Tunic fragment. Peru. Camelid wool and cotton; 53.3. x 32.7 cm. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, The Michael C. Rockefeller Memorial Collection, bequest of Nelson A. Rockefeller (1979.206.394). (The Art Institute of Chicago and The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, only.)

75. Tunic (unku). Peru. Camelid wool and cotton; 100 x 92.3 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (T-01650). Ill. Stone-Miller essay, fig 1.

76. Effigy vessel depicting official. Bolivia. Ceramic; h. 41.2 cm, diam. 27.9 cm. Arthur M. Sackler Collections, New York (83.1.1). Ill. Stone-Miller essay, fig. 6.

77. Pendant and ear spools. Huari/Tiwanaku, Bolivia. Spondylus shell, mother of pearl, silver, and copper; pendant 14.2 x 9.5 cm, ear spools diam. 6.5 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Buckingham Fund (1955.2542, 1955.2543 a, b). Ill. Stone-Miller essay, fig. 7.

78. Ceremonial conch-shell trumpet. Huari/Tiwanaku, Bolivia, 600/800. Conch shell inlaid with jade, Spondylus, and other shells; h. 18.4 cm. The Dayton Art Institute, Ohio, museum purchase (70.32).

INCA

The objects listed below date 1450/1532, unless otherwise noted.

79. Votive female figurine. Chile, Cerro el Plomo, c. 1500. Silver, feathers, and textiles; 14 x 11.5 cm. Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago. Ill. McEwan and Van de Guchte essay, fig. 6.

80. Votive male figurine. Bolivia, Island of Titicaca, c. 1500. Silver; 6.35 x 2 cm. American Museum of Natural History, New York (B/1635/1896–31).

81. Votive female figurine. Bolivia, Island of Coati, c. 1500. Silver; 15.2. x 4.4 cm. American Museum of Natural History, New York (B/9608/1894–13).

82. Plate with fish and pepper design. Peru, probably vicinity of Cuzco. Ceramic; 7.6 x 23.7 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Buckingham Fund (1955.2223).

83. Aryballos. Peru, vicinity of Cuzco. Ceramic; 78 x 49 cm (widest). The Art Institute of Chicago, Buckingham Fund (1955.2214).

84. Miniature aryballos. Peru, Ica Valley, South Coast. Ceramic; 11.4 x 9.2 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Buckingham Fund (1955.2217).

85. Miniature aryballos. Peru, Ica Valley, South Coast. Ceramic; 11.4 x 9.5 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Buckingham Fund (1955.2218).

86. Votive female figurine. Peru, c. 1500. Silver; 6.35 x 1.5 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, gift of Mr. and Mrs. James W. Alsdorf through the Alsdorf Foundation (1965.3).

87. Tunic (unku). Peru, 1532/50. Tapestry; 88.9. x 73.7 cm. Private collection. Ill. Léon Portilla essay, fig. 6.

88. Votive female figurine. Chile, Mount Copiapó, c. 1500. Silver, feathers, and textiles; 14 x 11.5 cm. Museo Regional de Atacama, Chile. Ill. McEwan and Van de Guchte essay, fig. 8.

89. Votive female figure. Chile, Mount Copiapó, c. 1500. Spondylus shell and textile; 10 x 6 cm. (approx.). Museo Regional de Atacama, Chile.

90. Figure of llama. Chile, Mount Copiapó, c. 1500. Spondylus shell. 3 x 1.5 cm (approx.). Museo Regional de Atacama, Chile.

91. Vessels in the form of llamas and alpacas. Peru. a. speckled blackstone: 6 x 11 x 4.5 cm (1989.31); b. blackstone: 6 x 11 x 4 cm (1989.30); c. white alabaster: 8 x 10 x 4.5 cm (1989.27); d. blackstone: 8.5 x 13 x 5.5 cm (1989.27); e. wood: 5 x 7 x 3.5 cm (1989.32); f. beige stone with black veining: 8.5 x 12 x 4.5 cm (1989.28); g. blackstone: 7 x 10 x 3.5 cm (1989.29). The Detroit Institute of Arts, Founders Society Purchase with funds from June and William Poplack.

92. Vessel depicting serpents. Peru, c. 1450. Stone. The Trustees of the British Museum, London (1991 AM 3). Ill. Niles essay, fig. 14.

93. Vessel in the form of llama. Peru, Cuzco. Stone; 6 x 5 x 10 cm. The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (3444).

94. Miniature votive Spondylus shell. Peru, Cuzco. Probably turquoise; h. 1.5 cm, diam. 3 cm. The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (2336).

95. Miniature votive Spondylus shell. Peru, Cuzco. Probably turquoise; h. 1 cm, diam. 2 cm. The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (2341).

96. Miniature votive puma. Peru, Chancas, Koripakela. Lapis lazuli and gold; 1.5 x 6 x 2 cm. The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (2372).

97. Miniature votive puma. Peru, Chancas, Koripakela. Probably carnelian; 1.5 x 6 x 2 cm. (approx.). The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (2373).

98. Votive female figurine. Ecuador, Isla de la Plata, c. 1500. Gold; 15 x 4 x 4 cm. The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (4450). Ill. McEwan and Van de Guchte essay, fig. 10.

99. Votive female figurine. Ecuador, Isla de la Plata, c. 1500. Gold; 9 x 2 x 4 cm. The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (4451). Ill. McEwan and Van de Guchte essay, fig. 10.

100. Royal seat. Peru, Cuzco, c. 1540. Painted and lacquered wood; 29 x 37 x 28 cm. The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (2832). Ill. Niles essay, fig. 2.

JAMA-COAQUE

The objects listed below date 200/400.

101. Figure adorned for ancestral rites. Ecuador. Ceramic; 30.3 x 13 x 15 cm. Museo Antropológico del Banco Central, Quito (JC 6–111–72).

102. Vessel depicting mask and mythical creature. Ecuador. Ceramic; 20.5 x 21 x 23.5 cm. Museo Arqueológico del Banco Central, Quito (JC 4–57–80). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 9.

103. Vessel in the form of masked warrior. Ecuador. Ceramic; 21 x 18.8 x 21.7 cm. Museo Arqueológico del Banco Central, Quito (JC 1–70–72 A). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 14.

104. Seated chieftain with emblems of rank. Ecuador. Ceramic; 35.6 x 22.9 x 20.3 cm. Museo Arqueológico del Banco Central, Quito (3–53–77). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 18.

105. Female keeper of lineage insignia. Ecuador. Ceramic; 42.5 x 27 x 24.3 cm. Museo Arqueológico del Banco Central, Quito (JC 1–2275). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 15.

106. Figure seated on harvest of manioc roots. Ecuador. Ceramic; 38 x 28.4 x 24.5 cm. Museo Arqueológico del Banco Central, Quito (JC 1.910.2.60). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 13.

107. Chieftain chewing coca. Ecuador. Ceramic; 54.3 x 39.2 x 31.8 cm. Museo Antropológico del Banco Central, Guayaquil (GA-1–2500–83). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 16.

108. Model of hut with shamanistic scene. Ecuador. Ceramic; h. 13.9 cm, diam. 12.4 cm. Museo Antropológico del Banco Central, Guayaquil (GA-1–883–78). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 5.

109. Model of hut with figure in ritual seclusion. Ecuador. Ceramic; 20.1 x 18.4 x 15.8 cm. Museo Antropológico del Banco Central, Guayaquil (GA-1–429–77). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 4.

110. Festival celebrant adorned with birds. Ecuador. Ceramic; 34 x 24.6 x 31.3 cm. Museo Antropológico del Banco Central, Guayaquil (GA-1–2469–83). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 1.

111. Ritual sower with seed bag and staff. Ecuador. Ceramic; 30.6 x 16.2 x 8 cm. Museo Antropológico del Banco Central, Guayaquil (GA-1–2267–82). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 12.

112. Seat in the form of mythical creature. Ecuador. Ceramic; 41.5 x 27.7 x 26.7 cm. Museo Antropológico del Banco Central, Guayaquil (GA-1–2448–83). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 10.

LA TOLITA

The objects listed below date 200/400.

113. Model of trophy head. Ecuador. Ceramic; 7 x 8.5 x 10.5 cm. Museo Arqueológico del Banco Central, Quito (38–112–70). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 11.

114. Figure bearing tripod throne. Ecuador. Ceramic; 43 x 21.5 cm. Museo Antropológico del Banco Central, Guayaquil (GA-6–2889–86). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 17.

115. Phallic feline. Ecuador. Ceramic; 39.8 x 23 x 20.1 cm. Museo Antropológico del Banco Central, Guayaquil (GA-32–1924–81). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 8.

116. Sun mask (diadem). Ecuador. Gold; 44.6 x 48.2 cm. Museo Antropológico del Banco Central, Guayaquil (GA-1–911–78). Frontispiece.

117. Mask (diadem) fragment. Ecuador. Gold; 29 x 18.9 cm. Museo Antropológico del Banco Central, Guayaquil (GA-2–911–78).

118. Funerary mask. Ecuador. Gold; 16.7 x 16.9 x 9.3 cm. Museo Antropológico del Banco Central, Guayaquil (GA-2–2928–86). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 2.

119. Mask with scarification pattern. Ecuador. Ceramic; 10.3 x 12.6 x 7.1 cm. Museo Antropológico del Banco Central, Guayaquil (GA-7–901–78). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 6.

120. Musician with rattles. Ecuador. Ceramic; 24.7 x 12.3 x 28 cm. Museo Antropológico del Banco Central, Guayaquil (GA-3–1012–78).

121. Musician with pan pipes and rattles. Ecuador. Ceramic; 26.3 x 15.2 x 25.6 cm. Museo Antropológico del Banco Central, Guayaquil (GA-1–1262).

LAMBAYEQUE

The objects listed below date 900/1250.

122. Mask for funerary bundle. Peru. Gold; 19.5 x 32.2 cm. Museo Arqueológico Bruning, Lambayeque (52-MB). Ill.

123. Beaker with royal figures and sea-bird design. Peru, Cementerio de La Merced, Batán Grande, Illimo, Lambayeque. Gold; h. 15.6 cm; mouth: 9 cm: base: 3.7 cm. Museo Arqueológico Bruning, Lambayeque (48-MB).

124. Spider laying eggs. Peru. Gold; 6 x 4.5 cm. Museo Arqueológico Bruning, Lambayeque (147-MB).

MAYA

125. Panel depicting ball game. Guatemala, 600/900. Stone; 23.9 x 43 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, The Ada Turnbull Hertle Fund (1965.407). Ill. Miller essay, fig. 21.

126. “Vase of the Water Lilies.” Guatemala, Petén, Naranjo, 750/800. Ceramic; h. 24 cm, diam. 16 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Ethel T. Scarborough Fund (1986.1080).

127. “Vase of the Dancing Lords.” Guatemala, Petén, Naranjo, 750/800. Ceramic; h. 24 cm, diam. 17 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Ethel T. Scarborough Fund (1986.1081). Ill. Miller essay, fig. 4.

128. Vessel with cloud-and-star motif. Teotihuacan/Maya, Guatemala, 250/550. Ceramic; h. 8 cm, diam. 15.5 cm. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala City (11411).

129. Vase depicting nourishment of the gods. Guatemala, Northern Petén, 750/800. Ceramic; h. 15 cm, diam. 13 cm. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, gift of Landon T. Clay (1988.1175),

130. Vase depicting hero twins in ball-court scene. Guatemala, Petén, 600/900. Ceramic; h. 21 cm. The Chrysler Museum, Norfolk, Edwin Pearlman and museum purchase (86.405).

131. Invocation of royal ancestor (Lintel 25). Guatemala, Yaxchilán, c. 725. Stone; 130 x 86.3 cm. The Trustees of the British Museum, London (1886–316). Ill. Miller essay, fig 12.

132. Young Maize God. Honduras, Copán, Temple 22, c. 775. Stone; 89.7 x 54.2 cm. The Trustees of the British Museum, London (1886–321). Ill. Miller essay, fig. 1.

133. Priestly ruler (Stela II). Guatemala, Kaminaljuyú, 250 bc/ad 100. Stone; 198 x 68 x 18 cm. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala City (3093). Ill. Valdés essay, figs. 7, 8.

134. Pregnant female (“Kidder Figure”). Guatemala, Kaminaljuyú, 250 bc/ad 100. Ceramic; 25 x 19 x 17 cm. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala City (10603). Ill. Valdés essay, fig. 12.

135. Snuffbox. Guatemala, Petén, Tikal, 300/600. Ceramic; h. 12 cm, diam. 24 cm. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala City (11129).

136. Ceremonial vessel in the form of aquatic turtle with cover in the form of mythical bird. Guatemala, Petén, Tikal, 350/400. Ceramic; h. 15.5 cm, diam. 19.5 cm. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala City (11469). Ill. Miller essay, fig. 20.

137. “Plate of the Sun.” Guatemala, Petén, Tikal, 350/450. Ceramic; h. 13 cm, diam. 38.1 cm. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala City (11130).

138. Carved cache-bowl lid (“Seven Kan Vessel”). Guatemala, Petén, Tikal, Burial 132, c. 550. Ceramic; h. 10 cm, diam. 48 cm. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala City (3B-4/4). Ill. Miller essay, fig. 11.

139. Fire-god effigy censer. Guatemala, Petén, Tikal, 350/450. Ceramic; 37 x 16 x 22 cm. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala City (12C-508 a, b). Ill. Valdés essay, fig. 1.

140. Fragment (Stela 17). Guatemala, Petén, Dos Pilas, c. 810. Stone; h. 249 cm. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala City (10374). Ill. Miller essay, fig. 5.

141. Incense burner depicting ruler on Cauac Monster throne. Guatemala, Petén, Tikal, 650/700. Ceramic; 62 x 27 x 25 cm. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala City (12U-82/I6). Ill. Miller essay, fig. 17.

142. Funerary vessel with portrait head. Guatemala, Petén. Tikal, Temple 1, c. 700. Ceramic and jade; h. 25 cm, diam. 9 cm. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala City (11080 a, b). Ill. Miller essay, fig. 13.

143. Altar support depicting Rain God. Guatemala, Petén, Piedras Negras, leg from Altar 4, 700/50. Stone; 72 x 54 x 45 cm. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala City (864 C).

144. Courtly scene (Lintel 3), Guatemala, Petén, Piedras Negras, 700/50. Stone; 62 x 120 x 15 cm. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala City (613). Ill. Miller essay, fig. 18.

145. Figurine of ruler dancing with maize. Guatemala, Alta Verapaz, 600/900. Ceramic; 23 x 16 x 11.5 cm. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala City (5897). Ill. Miller essay, fig. 3.

146. Mask of Sun God. Guatemala, Alta Verapaz, 600/900. Ceramic; 21 x 19 x 13.5 cm. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala City (5235). Ill. Miller essay, fig. 14.

147. Ceremonial vessel with lid in the form of portrait head. Guatemala, 350/400. Ceramic; h. 24.5 cm, diam. 25 cm. Museo Nacional de Arqueología y Etnología, Guatemala City (11417).

148. Maize plate depicting dancer. Guatemala, Petén, Uaxactún, 600/50. Ceramic; diam. 42.1 cm. New Orleans Museum of Art, museum purchase, Ella West Freeman Foundation Matching Fund (69.2).

149. Vase depicting jaguar and mythical-bird impersonators. Guatemala, 600/900. Ceramic; h. 19.3 cm, diam. 14.3 cm. The Art Museum. Princeton University, museum purchase, gift of Mr. and Mrs. James E. Burke, with matching funds from IBM Corporation, Johnson & Johnson, and the Prudential Foundation (1988–22).

MIMBRES

The objects listed below date 1000/1150, unless otherwise noted.

150. Ritual cache figures. New Mexico, Salado region, c. 1350. Stone, wood, cotton, feathers, and pigment; basket: 15 x 21 x 97 cm; ritual figure: 64 x 18 x 8 cm; ritual figure: 36 x 17 x 5.5 cm; snake: h. 5 cm, 1. 40 cm; snake: h. 65 cm, 1. 44 cm; mountain lion: h. 9 cm; four sticks: each 2 x 61.5 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Major Acquisitions Centennial Fund Income (1979.17 a-k). Ill. Townsend introduction, fig. 16, and front cover.

151. Bowl depicting man wearing antler headdress and bat costume. New Mexico. Ceramic; h. 12.7 cm, diam. 29.2 cm. Collection of Tony Berlant, Santa Monica, California. Ill. Brody essay, fig. 1.

152. Bowl depicting decapitation scene. New Mexico. Ceramic; h. 12.3 cm, diam. 26 cm. University of Colorado Museum, Boulder (CU3198). Ill. Brody essay, fig. 12.

153. Bowl depicting horned toad. New Mexico. Ceramic; h. 10 cm, diam. 29 cm. University of Colorado Museum, Boulder (CU3201). Ill. Brody essay, fig. 20.

154. Bowl depicting two figures and large fish. New Mexico. Ceramic; h. 8.5 cm, diam. 20.5 cm. University of Colorado Museum, Boulder (CU3267). Ill. Brody essay, fig. 16.

155. Bowl depicting crane and fish. New Mexico. Ceramic; h. 8 cm, diam. 17 cm. Logan Museum of Anthropology, Beloit College, Wisconsin (16114). Ill. Brody essay, fig. 4.

156. Bowl depicting figure, basket, and staff. New Mexico, Ciénega. Ceramic; h. 10.5 cm, diam. 26.5 cm. Maxwell Museum of Anthropology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque (40.4 277). Ill. Brody essay, fig. 15.

157. Bowl depicting bear-hunting scene. New Mexico, Galaz. Ceramic; h. 12.1 cm, diam. 21 cm. Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (15-B156). Ill. Brody essay, fig. 14.

158. Bowl depicting ritual fertility clown. New Mexico, Galaz. Ceramic; h. 12 cm, diam. 28.9 cm, Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (15-B339). Ill. Brody essay, fig. 5.

159. Bowl with abstract animal designs. New Mexico. Ceramic; h. 10.2 cm, diam. 24.1 cm. Laboratory of Anthropology/Museum of Indian Arts and Culture, Museum of New Mexico, Santa Fe (20396/11). Ill. Brody essay, fig. 3.

160. Bowl depicting four figures. New Mexico. Ceramic; h. 8.3 cm, diam. 22.9 cm. Laboratory of Anthropology/Museum of Indian Arts and Culture, Museum of New Mexico, Sante Fe (43438/11). Ill. Brody essay, fig. 19.

161. Bowl with four-part cosmological design. New Mexico. Ceramic; h. 12 cm, diam. 27.3 cm. Museum of Northern Arizona, Flagstaff (834 NA3288.74). Ill. Brody essay, fig. 8.

162. Bowl with insect and rabbit designs. New Mexico. Ceramic; h. 12.3 cm, diam. 27.7 cm. Museum of Northern Arizona, Flagstaff (834 NA3288.50). Ill. Brody essay, fig. 11.

163. Bowl depicting lizard. New Mexico, Swarts Ranch. Ceramic; h. 10 cm, diam. 23.5 cm. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts (25–11–10/94789).

164. Bowl depicting warrior. New Mexico, Swarts Ranch. Ceramic; h. 8 cm, diam. 19.1 cm. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts (24–15–10/94584). Ill. Brody essay, fig. 10.

165. Bowl depicting ceremonial performer holding staff with animal effigies. New Mexico. Ceramic; h. 8 cm, diam. 19.1 cm. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts (26–07–10/95798). Ill. Brody essay, fig. 13.

166. Bowl with bat design. New Mexico. Ceramic; h. 10.2 cm, diam, 25.4 cm. Department of Anthropology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. (70367, museum cat. no. 326245). Ill. Brody essay, fig. 17.

167. Bowl depicting masked animal trickster. New Mexico. Ceramic; h. 9 cm, diam. 20.3 cm. Southwest Museum, Los Angeles (491.P.3772). Ill. Brody essay, fig. 7.

168. Bowl depicting antelope on mountain. New Mexico, Ceramic; 10.8 x 22 x 24 cm. William Endner Collection, Museum of Western Colorado, Grand Junction (G497, C.3895). Ill. Brody essay, fig. 9.

169. Bowl depicting figure carrying basket. New Mexico. Ceramic; h. 7.3 cm, diam. 19.6 cm. William Endner Collection, Museum of Western Colorado, Grand Junction (G495–3007, 3898). Ill. Brody essay, fig, 6.

MIXTEC

The objects listed below date c. 1400.

170. Tripod vessel. Mexico, Oaxaca, Monte Albán. Ceramic; h. 21.4 cm, diam. 14.9 cm. The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (241178).

171. Cup with handles. Mexico, Oaxaca, Monte Albán. Ceramic; h. 11.5 cm, diam. 19.9 cm. The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (241199).

MOCHE

The objects listed below date 250/550, unless otherwise noted.

172. Portrait vessel of one-eyed man. Peru. Ceramic; 28.9 x 21.6 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Buckingham Fund (1955.2339).

173. Vessel depicting ritual runners. Peru. Ceramic; 27 x 19.7 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Buckingham Fund (1955.2291). Ill. Benson essay, fig. 17.

174. Vessel depicting seated ruler with pampas cat. Peru. Ceramic; 19.4 x 19.1 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Buckingham Fund (1955.2281). Ill. Benson essay, fig. 9.

175. Vessel depicting kneeling warrior with club. Peru, Chimbóte, Santa Valley. Ceramic; 23.8 x 21.6 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, gift of Nathan Cummings (1957.409). Ill. Benson essay, fig. 15.

176. Vessel in the form of reed boat. Peru. Ceramic; 15 x 13 x 37.5 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, gift of Nathan Cummings (1957.612).

177. Seated figure of deer impersonator. Peru, Chimbote, Santa Valley. Ceramic; 27.6 x 8 x 24 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, gift of Nathan Cummings (1958.708).

178. Vessel depicting man facing jaguar. Peru. Ceramic; 30.5 x 16.9 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Buckingham Fund (1955.2264). Ill. Benson essay, fig. 8.

179. Royal tunic. Peru. Camelid wool and cotton; 48 x 57.5 cm. Private collection (PC 427). Ill. Benson essay, fig. 19.

180. Figure paddling raft in the form of supernatural fish, probably representing the sea. Peru. Ceramic; 20.3 x 26 x 10.8 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (1/3966, C04495). Ill. Benson essay, fig. 3.

181. Vessel depicting seven-peaked mountain. Peru. Ceramic; 26 x 20 x 20 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (1/4107, C-54462). Ill. Benson essay, fig. 2.

182. Vessel depicting scene related to ritual deer hunt, with mutilated priestly figure at top. Peru. Ceramic; 26.3 x 14.6 x 21.5 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (1/3494, C-54608). Ill. Benson essay, fig. 13.

183. Vessel depicting cultivated landscape or pyramid. Peru. Ceramic; 19.3 x 18 x 12 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (1/2655, C-54163). Ill. Benson essay, fig. 12.

184. Portrait vessel of ruler. Peru. Ceramic; 33 x 17.8 x 22.9 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (1/3873, C-60572). Ill. Benson essay, fig. 1.

185. Dipper depicting battle. Peru. Ceramic; 30 x 17.8 x 11.4 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (1/71, C-02370).

186. Vessel depicting batlike supernatural creature. Peru, North Coast. Ceramic; 21.5 x 13.3 cm. Arthur M. Sackler Collections, New York (82.6.22). Ill. Benson essay, fig. 16.

187. Vessel depicting fanged god originally associated with mountains. Peru, North Coast. Ceramic; 28.6 x 13.3 x 15.8 cm. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collections, Washington, D.C. (B-579.70.PP). Ill. Benson essay, fig. 7.

188. Royal mantle. Peru, Lambayeque. Textile; 91.4 x 167.6 cm. Bentley-Dillard Collection, Las Vegas. Ill. Benson essay, fig. 18.

189. Emblematic head of fox. Peru, Frías, 100/300. Gold and copper; 7.5 x 9 cm. Museo Arqueológico Bruning, Lambayeque (188-MB). Ill. Benson essay, fig. 14,

NAZCA

The objects listed below date 200/400, unless otherwise noted.

190. Tunic depicting felines and birds. Peru. Camelid wool, cotton, and feathers; 85.2 x 86 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Kate S. Buckingham Endowment (1955.1789). Ill. Reinhard essay, fig. 19 (The Art Institute of Chicago, only).

191. Vessel depicting four lúcuma fruits. Peru. Ceramic; 12.7 x 17.3 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Buckingham Fund (1955.2150).

192. Dome-shaped jar depicting ceremonial figure. Peru, 50/200. Ceramic; 15 x 15 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Buckingham Fund (1955.2128). Ill. Reinhard essay, fig. 14.

193. Vessel depicting composite fish, feline, and human figure. Peru, 50/200. Ceramic; 18.6 x 17.2 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Buckingham Fund (1955.2100). Ill. Reinhard essay, fig. 4.

194. Double-spouted vessel depicting lizards. Peru, 100/200. Ceramic; 16.5 x 29.7 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Buckingham Fund (1955.2096). Ill. Reinhard essay, fig. 12.

195. Vessel in the form of warrior with trophy head and dart thrower. Peru, Palpa Valley. Ceramic; 17.8 x 10.5 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Buckingham Fund (1955.2162).

196. Vessel in the form of achira root. Peru, 100/400. Ceramic; 17.5 x 15.2 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Buckingham Fund (1955.2083). Ill. Reinhard essay, fig. 5.

197. Vessel depicting mythical landscape. Peru. Ceramic; 19.8 x 15.5 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Buckingham Fund (1955.2137). Ill. Reinhard essay, fig. 13.

198. Textile with sun motif. Peru, 100/500. Cotton and feathers; 64.8 x 73.4 cm. Alan Brown Gallery, Hartsdale, New York (0523). Ill. Reinhard essay, fig. 20.

199. Vessel in the form of lúcuma fruits. Peru, 100/400. Ceramic; 12 x 18.7 x 9.5 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (85258, C-62595). Ill. Reinhard essay, fig. 6.

200. Vessel depicting seated chieftain in ceremonial dress. Peru. Ceramic; 73.6 x 43 x 43 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (C 54196). Ill. Reinhard essay, fig. 18.

201. Vessel depicting ripening maize. Peru. Ceramic; 26 x 9.5 x 6 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (C-12485, 3/6509). Ill. Reinhard essay, fig. 7.

202. Male figure wearing Spondylus-shell necklace. Peru. Ceramic; 33 x 12.7 x 7.6 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (3/6213, C 54312). Ill. Reinhard essay, fig. 2.

203. Woman chewing coca. Peru. Ceramic; 15.2 x 12.7 x 11.4 cm. Museo Nacional de Antropología y Arqueología, Lima (103880, C-66315). Ill. Reinhard essay, fig. 8.

OLMEC

The objects listed below date 1200/600 bc, unless otherwise noted.

204. Votive axe with ritual mask (“Kunz” axe). Mexico, Southern Veracruz or Tabasco, 800/500 bc. Jade; 30 x 15.2 cm. American Museum of Natural History, New York (30/7552/1891–93–25). Ill. de la Fuente essay, fig. 8.

205. Male figure. Mexico. Hornfels with traces of cinnabar; 30.2 x 8 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Ada Turnbull Hertle Fund (1971.314).

206. Votive figurine presenting masked baby. Mexico, 800/500 bc. Jade; 21.9 x 8.1 x 4.1 cm. Collection of Robin B. Martin, on loan to The Brooklyn Museum (L47.6). Ill. de la Fuente essay, fig. 6. (The Art Institute of Chicago and The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, only).

207. Feline diadem. Mexico, southern Veracruz, 800/500 bc. Porphyry; 11.1 x 13.3 x 2.8 cm. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collections, Washington, D.C. (B-4). Ill. de la Fuente essay, fig. 10.

208. Miniature portrait head. Mexico, State of Puebla. Talc; 9.5 x 6.7 x 6 cm. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collections, Washington, D.C. (B-6).

209. Kneeling figure depicting were-jaguar. Mexico, Tabasco, 800/500 bc. Dark green serpentine with traces of red pigment; 10.8 x 7.9 cm. Los Angeles County Museum of Art, gift of Constance McCormick Fearing (M.86.311.6). Ill. de la Fuente essay, fig. 9.

210. Ceremonial ball-game implement. Mexico, probably from Guerrero. Stone; h. 19.1 cm. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, The Michael C. Rockefeller Memorial Collection, gift of Nelson A. Rockefeller (1978.412.39).

211. Cave mask. Mexico, Chalcatzingo, 500/400 bc. Basalt; 182.9 x 142 x 15.2 cm. Munson-Williams-Proctor Institute, Museum of Art, Utica, New York (70177). Ill. de la Fuente essay, fig. 1.

212. Commemorative mask of ruler. Mexico, Veracruz, Pesquero, 1200/600 bc. Gray jadeite with black incrustations; h. 21.6 cm. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, gift of Landon T. Clay. (1991.968). Ill. de la Fuente essay, fig. 16.

213. Colossal portrait of ruler (Monument 9). Mexico, Veracruz, San Lorenzo, 900/800 bc. Stone; 165 x 136 x 117 cm. INAH–CNCA–MEX, Museo de Antropología, Xalapa, Veracruz (SLT 2). Ill. de la Fuente essay, fig. 2.

PARACAS

214. Mantle. Peru, 1/200. Camelid wool; 238.3 x 106.6 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Emily Crane Chadbourne Endowment (1970.293). Ill. Paul essay, fig. 1. (The Art Institute of Chicago, only).

215. Mantle. Peru, Ocucaje, 300/100 bc. Camelid wool; h. 218 cm (with fringe) x 86.3 cm. Linde Collection, Phoenix. Ill. Paul essay, fig. 3.

216. Vessel depicting feline. Peru, Ica Valley, 300/100 bc. Ceramic; h. 40.2 cm, diam. 32.4 cm. The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (155350). Ill. Paul essay, fig. 2.

217. Mantle. Peru, Necropolis, c. 200 bc. Camelid wool; 250 x 145 cm (without fringe). Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Costume Council Fund (67.4). (Los Angeles County Museum of Art, only).

218. Mantle. Peru, Necropolis, c. 200. Camelid wool; 256 x 150 cm (without fringe). Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Costume Council Fund (M.72.68.7). Ill. Paul essay, fig. 4. (Los Angeles County Museum of Art, only).

219. Mantle with mask motifs. Peru, c. 300 bc. Camelid wool; 183 x 75.6 cm. Private collection. Ill.

220. Mask of “oculate” deity with serpentine motifs. Peru, 300/100 bc. Ceramic; 28.4 x 27.5 x 19.5 cm. The Brooklyn Museum, Frank L. Babbott Fund and Dick S. Ramsay Fund (64.94). Ill. Paul essay, fig. 5.

221. Mantle fragment. Peru, Paracas/Nazca, 100 bc/ad 100. Camelid wool; 165 x 188 cm. Private collection (PC 356C). Ill. Paul essay, fig. 14.

QUIMBAYA

222. Lime flask. Colombia, 600/1100. Gold; 23 x 7 x 5.5 cm. University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (SA 2751).

SAN AGUSTIN

The objects listed below date 400/800.

223. Stela. Colombia. Volcanic stone; 66 x 34 x 12 cm. The Denver Art Museum, gift of Mr. and Mrs. Edward L. Luben (1986.487). Ill. Zuidema essay, fig. 11.

224. Pendant depicting flying fish. Colombia. Gold; 3.1 x 9.7 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogota (32924).

TAIRONA

The objects listed below date 1200/1600.

225. Masked performers. Colombia. Ceramic; each 12.7 x 7.62 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, gift of Mrs. Everett McNear in memory of her husband (1986.1084 a, b). Ill. Zuidema essay, fig. 7.

226. Pectoral. Colombia, Pueblito. Greenstone; 40 x 6 x 1 cm. The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (152653).

227. Bat pendant. Colombia, Pueblito. Jade; 5 x 2.2 x 15 cm. The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (152814).

228. Ceremonial baton. Colombia, Pueblito. Greenstone; 2.2 x 8.5 x 33 cm. The Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (152637). Ill. Zuidema essay, fig. 6.

229. Pectoral depicting frigate bird with avian attendants. Colombia. Gold; 9.5 x 11.9 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (16584). Ill. Zuidema essay, fig. 19.

230. Flanged nose ring with spiral motifs. Colombia. Gold; 5.7 x 8.9 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (11683).

231. Double-headed mythical creature. Colombia. Gold; 5.6 x 5 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (12563).

232. Winged pendant depicting frigate bird. Colombia. Gold; 12.3. x 9.3 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (23820).

233. Circular pectoral depicting sun god. Colombia. Gold; diam. 14 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (16146). Ill. Zuidema essay, fig. 12.

234. Pectoral depicting mask and frigate-bird headdress. Colombia. Gold; 13.6 x 11.7 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (16791).

235. Necklace with abstract zoomorphic motif. Colombia. Gold; 56 pieces, each 3.3 x 1.1 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (20289).

236. Penis sheath in the form of sea shell. Colombia. Gold; 20.4 x 4.9 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (21215).

237. Nose ring with bilateral zoomorphs. Colombia. Gold; 5.7 x 8.2 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (22819).

238. Nose ring with spiral motifs. Colombia. Gold; 6.4 x 7.5 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (26128).

239. Anthropomorphic figure. Colombia. Gold; 5 x 6 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (11.445).

240. Nose pendant with ornaments. Colombia. Gold; 10.6 x 12.2 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (32506).

241. Model of ritual enclosure with hanging masks. Colombia. Ceramic; 7 x 17 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (CT.738). Ill. Zuidema essay, fig. 8.

242. Pendant depicting frigate bird. Colombia. Shell; 8.5 x 11.8 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (ConT. 388). Ill. Zuidema essay, fig. 17.

243. Pectoral depicting seated chieftain with raptorial birds. Colombia. Bone; 8 x 10 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá. Ill. Zuidema essay, fig. 1.

244. Enthroned figure with mask and batons. Colombia. Bone; 7.9 x 6.5 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (PhT.1). Ill. Zuidema essay, fig. 16.

245. Masked figure carrying sacrificial victim. Colombia. Bone; 7.2 x 5.4 cm. Museo del Oro del Banco de la República, Bogotá (HT.123).

246. Ocarina with enthroned chieftain. Colombia. Ceramic; 11.1 x 3.1 x 10 cm. Courtesy of the National Museum of the American Indian, Smithsonian Institution, New York (24/6783). Ill. Zuidema essay, fig. 13.

247. Vessel with four feet and serpents. Colombia. Ceramic; 8 x 8.7 x 10.8 cm. Courtesy of the National Museum of the American Indian, Smithsonian Institution, New York (24/8962),

TEOTIHUACAN

248. Mural fragment depicting glyphic emblem of the water cult. Mexico, c. 500. Fresco; 67.3 x 74 cm. James W. and Marilynn Alsdorf Collection (PC 84). Ill. Pasztory essay, fig. 11.

249. Mural fragment depicting rain priest. Mexico, 600/750. Fresco; 62 x 95 x 6 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Primitive Art Purchase (1962.702). Ill. Pasztory essay, fig. 1.

250. Mask from incense burner depicting the old deity of fire. Mexico, 450/750. Ceramic; 36.83 x 33.5 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, gift of Joseph Antonow (1962.1073). Ill. page 5.

251. Tripod vessel depicting plumed serpent. Mexico, 600/750. Ceramic; diam. 34.9 cm. The Cleveland Museum of Art, purchase from the J.H. Wade Fund (65.20). Ill. Pasztory essay, fig. 15.

252. Ritual mask. Mexico, 450/750. Stone; 32.1 x 28.2 x 18.4 cm. Dallas Museum of Art, gift of Mr. and Mrs. Eugene McDermott, The McDermott Foundation, and Mr. and Mrs. Algur H. Meadows and the Meadows Foundation, Inc. (1973.49). Ill. Pasztory essay, fig. 14.

253. Architectonic parrot head. Mexico, 100/500. Polychromed basalt; 57 x 34 x 66 cm. The Denver Art Museum, museum purchase (1962.291).

254. Votive receptacle in the form of jaguar. Mexico, 150/250. Stone; 1.33 cm. The Trustees of the British Museum, London, England (1926–22).

255. Mural fragment depicting figure in plumed jaguar headdress. Mexico, 600/750. Fresco; 162 x 75 x 2.5 cm. INAH–CNCA–MEX, Museo Nacional de Antropología, Mexico City (9–4669/10357205). Ill. Pasztory essay, fig. 13.

256. Mural fragment depicting temple facades against backdrop of clouds and rain. Mexico, 600/750. Fresco; 121.9 x 48 (widest) x 295 cm. Museo Arqueológico de Teotihuacan. Ill. Pasztory essay, fig. 4.

257. Roof ornament depicting storm-god mask and headdress. Mexico, 600/750. Ceramic; 57.5 x 38.7 (widest) x 3.8 cm. INAH–CNCA–MEX, Museo Arqueológico de Teotihuacan. Ill. Pasztory essay, fig. 9.

258. Mural fragment depicting two plumed coyotes with heraldic emblems. Mexico, Atetelco, 600/750. Fresco; 73.7 x 198 cm. Philadelphia Museum of Art, The Louise and Walter Arensberg Collection (1950–134–404). Ill. Pasztory essay, fig. 12.

259. Cult figure of goddess. Mexico, 250/650. Volcanic stone; 91.4 cm. Philadelphia Museum of Art, The Louise and Walter Arensberg Collection (1950–134–282). Ill. Pasztory essay, fig. 7.

260. Bowl. Mexico, Valley of Mexico, 450/750. Ceramic; diam. 22.5 cm. The Art Institute of Chicago, Primitive Art Purchase Fund (1968.790).

261. Tripod vessel depicting completion of fifty-two-year cycle. Teotihuacan/Maya, Guatemala, Kaminaljuyú, 250/550. Ceramic; 17.7 x 20 cm. The Denver Art Museum, museum purchase (1971.417).

TIWANAKU

The objects listed below date 400/800, unless otherwise noted.

262. Drinking beaker depicting masked figure and feline. Bolivia. Ceramic; h. 15.5 cm, diam. 14 cm. Museo de Metales Preciosos Precolombinos, La Paz (CFB 709).

263. Embossed pectoral. Bolivia. Gold; diam. 15.2 cm. Museo de Metales Preciosos Precolombinos, La Paz (CIAT 2751).

264. Embossed pectoral. Bolivia. Gold; diam. 16.5 cm. Museo de Metales Preciosos Precolombinos, La Paz.

265. Diadem mask with radiating tassels. Bolivia, Kalasasaya complex. Gold and turquoise; 20 x 36 cm. Museo de Metales Preciosos Precolombinos, La Paz (2748–2749). Ill. Kolata and Ponce Sanginés essay, fig. 12.

266. Winged diadem depicting mask. Bolivia, San Sebastian, Cochabamba. Gold and turquoise; 20 x 40 cm. Museo de Metales Preciosos Precolombinos, La Paz. Ill. Kolata and Ponce Sanginés essay, fig. 13.

267. Beaker (kero) with modeled feline head. Bolivia, Ceramic; 33 x 33 x 25.4 cm. Museo de Metales Preciosas Precolombinos, La Paz (MNA CFB 1600). Ill. Kolata and Ponce Sanginés essay, fig. 19.

268. Incense burner in the form of llama. Bolivia. Ceramic; 36 x 29 cm. Museo de Metales Preciosos Precolombinos, La Paz (AL/5/15). Ill. Stone-Miller essay, fig. 9.

269. Stela in the form of guardian figure. Bolivia. Stone; 106 x 30 x 26 cm. Museo de Metales Preciosos Precolombinos, La Paz (1249). Ill. Kolata and Ponce Sanginés essay, fig. 6.

270. Fanged skull mask. Bolivia. Silver; 25.5 x 30.4 cm. Museo de Metales Preciosos Precolombinos, La Paz (CFBLP 01946). Ill. Kolata and Ponce Sanginés essay, fig. 1.

271. Monumental head with mask and headdress. Bolivia. Stone; 110.5 x 70 x 70 cm. Instituto Nacional de Arqueología de Bolivia, La Paz. Ill. Kolata and Ponce Sanginés essay, fig. 4.

272. Beaker (kero) with modeled hawk head. Bolivia. Ceramic; 16.8 x 16.5 x 19 cm. Instituto Nacional de Arqueología de Bolivia, La Paz (MNA, CFD 8). Ill. Kolata and Ponce Sanginés essay, fig. 18.

273. Incense burner in the form of feline. Bolivia. Ceramic; 35.5 x 23 x 15.2 cm. Instituto Nacional de Arqueología de Bolivia, La Paz (MNA 287). Ill. Kolata and Ponce Sanginés essay, fig. 15.

274. Architectural fragment depicting confronted figures. Bolivia. Andesite; 147 x 28.5 x 28.5 cm. Instituto Nacional de Arqueología de Bolivia, La Paz (MNA7). Ill. Kolata and Ponce Sanginés essay, fig. 5.

275. Guardian chachapuma figure. Bolivia. Basalt; 84 x 43 x 48 cm. Museo Arqueológico Regional de Tiwanaku (TIW19684-A). Ill. Kolata and Ponce Sanginés essay, fig. 10.

276. Portrait vessel. Bolivia, Kalasasaya complex. Ceramic; 12.7 x 12 x 16.5 cm. Museo Arqueológico Regional de Tiwanaku (MRT471 TKJ25). Ill. Kolata and Ponce Sanginés essay, fig. 17.

277. Architectural fragment with “gateway” motif. Bolivia. Stone; 73 x 50 x 26 cm. Museo Arqueológico Regional de Tiwanaku (MRT 2015). Ill. Kolata and Ponce Sanginés essay, fig. 14.

278. Model of colossal figure. Bolivia. Stone; h. 46.7 cm. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, The Michael C. Rockefeller Memorial Collection, bequest of Nelson A. Rockefeller (1979.206.833).

279. Beaker (kero) with modeled feline head. Bolivia. Ceramic; h. 27.9, diam. 30.4 cm. Arthur M. Sackler Collections, New York (N-16).

280. Beaker (kero) with modeled condor head. Bolivia. Ceramic; h. 20 cm, diam. 15 cm. Arthur M. Sackler Collections, New York (N-14).

281. Tapestry fragment depicting “mama llama” and herder. Peru. Camelid wool; 35.6 x 53.3 cm. Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond, The Glasgow Fund (60.44.1). Ill. Stone-Miller essay, fig. 12.

282. Tasseled hat with avian motifs. Tiwanaku/Huari, Peru, 600/800. Camelid wool and cotton; h. 11.4 cm (irreg.), each side 12.7 cm (irreg.). Seattle Art Museum, gift of Jack Lenor Larsen (76.51).

VALDIVIA

283. Pendant or mask. Ecuador, c. 1800 bc. Spondylus shell; 10.9 x 13.9 x 3.2 cm. Museo Antropológico del Banco Central, Guayaquil (GA-8–1238–79). Ill. Valdez essay, fig. 7.

Base text size -

Chapter images ()